scholarly journals A Scientometric Review of Urban Disaster Resilience Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3677
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yongtao Tan ◽  
Ninghui Deng
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Urban Disaster

Natural disasters and human-made disasters are threatening urban areas globally. The resilience capacity of the urban system plays an important role in disaster risk response and recovery. Strengthening urban disaster resilience is also fundamental to ensuring sustainable development. Various practices and research for enhancing urban disaster resilience have been carried out worldwide but are yet to be reviewed. Accordingly, this paper gives a scientometric review of urban disaster resilience research by using CiteSpace. The time span (January 2001–January 2021) was selected and divided into three phases based on the number of publications. In addition, according to keyword statistics and clustering results, the collected articles are grouped into four hotspot topics: disaster risk reduction, specific disaster resilience research, resilience assessment, and combination research. The results show that most of the existing research is in the first two categories, and articles in the second and fourth categories both show a high growth rate and could be further research directions. The review indicates that urban disaster resilience is essential for a city’s sustainable development. Moreover, the findings provide scholars a full picture of the existing urban disaster resilience research which can help them identify promising research directions. The findings can also help urban government officials and policymakers review current urban disaster management strategies and make further improvements.

scholarly journals Regional disaster risk management strategies for food security: Probing Southern African Development Community channels for influencing national policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Happy M. Tirivangasi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Management Strategies

Natural disasters and food insecurity are directly interconnected. Climate change related hazards such as floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, droughts and other risks can weaken food security and severely impact agricultural activities. Consequently, this has an impact on market access, trade, food supply, reduced income, increased food prices, decreased farm income and employment. Natural disasters create poverty, which in turn increases the prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition. It is clear that disasters put food security at risk. The poorest people in the community are affected by food insecurity and disasters; hence, there is a need to be prepared as well as be in a position to manage disasters. Without serious efforts to address them, the risks of disasters will become an increasingly serious obstacle to sustainable development and the achievement of sustainable development goals, particularly goal number 2 ‘end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture’. In recent years, countries in southern Africa have experienced an increase in the frequency, magnitude and impact of climate change–related hazards such as droughts, veld fire, depleting water resources and flood events. This research aims to reveal Southern African Development Community disaster risk management strategies for food security to see how they an influence and shape policy at the national level in southern Africa. Sustainable Livelihood approach was adopted as the main theoretical framework for the study. The qualitative Analysis is based largely on data from databases such as national reports, regional reports and empirical findings on the disaster management–sustainable development nexus.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Sustainable Development of HRS in Transforming Economies: A fsQCA Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Wen Chen ◽  
Xiao-Jiao Song ◽  
Yanping Li
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social Legitimacy ◽  
Government Bureaucracy

Human resources services (HRS) are kinds of services concerning human resources acquisition, development, and allocation provided to employers and workers. The services promote the efficiency and effectiveness of the human resources market. Recently, the services have been regarded as crucial for the sustainable development of the national economy, attracting policymakers in transforming economies to promote the expansions of the services. This paper presents a systematic study of factors that affect the development of the services. In this text, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was used to explore the configurations of the factors that drive the growth of the services. The data was from province governments’ statistics and influential research reports in China, and each province observation was considered as a case (in fsQCA terms). In this article, the marketization of human resources (MOHR) referring to allocating human resources through the labor market rather than government bureaucracy, is a possible necessary condition for the boom of the HRS. Moreover, we identified seven paths to explain both the high and low development level of HRS. Among the paths, the configuration of general development of regional economy, social legitimacy of the services, and marketization of human resources are the basic conditions that lead to a high growth rate of the HRS. These research findings enriched our understanding of the valid strategies for cultivating the services industry in China and other transforming countries. To cultivate and upgrade the services, we suggested that transforming economies should pay more attention to economic internationalization and speed up the marketization of human resources.

scholarly journals Measuring Resilience of Urban Slum to Climate Induced Disasters: A Study on Barishal City Corporation, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Ananya Mukherjee ◽  
Md. Faisal ◽  
Milton Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Urban Disaster

Measuring urban resilience is one of the important processes toward understanding the potential current and future risks of cities, assessing the challenges of urbanization and to guide the development of urban areas. The research was conducted in a slum named Bangabandhu Colony under Barishal City Corporation (BCC). The purpose of the research was to measure the urban disaster resilience and to find out a better way of future urban disaster resilience in this area. Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) was used to measure climate-related disaster resilience by considering five dimensions: physical, social, institutional, economic and natural which shows resilience level ranging from 1-5 where 1 representing very poor and 5 best. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting the primary data and the secondary data was collected from secondary sources. Results revealed that the resilience level of physical, social, institutional, economic, and natural dimensions was 2.76, 2.79, 2.29, 2.53, 2.59 respectively, which indicates a medium resilience level of all dimensions. Finally, the research depicted that, the resilience level of the area will increase through hand to hand working of people with government and non-government officials, conducting public awareness programs, campaigns, seminars and discussions. The findings of the research can be used by researchers and development workers for enhancing disaster resilience of other areas under Barishal City Corporation as well as other city areas of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Motivation for Carsharing Services: the Role of Sustainability Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Olga Saginova ◽  
Ekaterina Tsenina ◽  
Dmitry Zavyalov ◽  
Yuri Saginov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Safety Requirements

Sharing, collaborative consumption, and on-demand systems, provide various models of peer-to-peer exchanges of tangible and intangible assets. Sharing is believed to demonstrate the basic values of the sustainable development with focus on environmental, economic, and social issues. Carsharing services demonstrate high growth rate with personal safety requirements changing focus with COVID-19 pandemic. The behaviour of carsharing users is determined by several main motives: getting pleasure from and enjoying new technologies, realizing users’ views on reasonable consumption, strengthening one’s reputation among members of the community, and obtaining economic benefits. The article presents the results of carsharing motivation research. Online survey and deliberative research sessions revealed the importance of sustainable development values for the young active consumers.

Dynamics of Urban Disaster Risk Paradigm: Looking Through the Perceived Lens of the Residents of Informal Settlements in Khulna City, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahidul Hasan Swapan ◽  
Md Ashikuzzaman ◽  
Md Sayed Iftekhar
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Urban Disaster

The integration of sustainability principles into disaster management research suggests a shift from traditional expert-driven assessment to a more community-driven process. However, most studies have focused on a generalized and regional assessment of perceived risk. Only a few of them have focused on informal settlements which belong to the most vulnerable communities facing the compound impacts of multiple disasters in urban areas. This raises concerns over the generalization of existing findings as informal settlements may add to spatial heterogeneity in disaster risk assessment. In order to contribute to this knowledge gap, we have surveyed 1,122 households of 93 slums of Khulna city in Bangladesh. We have investigated informal settlers’ perceptions of local and citywide hazard risks and their vulnerabilities from natural and anthropogenic hazards. It is found that low-income households are more concerned about the day-to-day inconvenience (e.g., waterlogging) rather than extreme weather events (e.g., cyclone and storm surge). This is mainly due to the degraded local environment and poor built form of their living places. The mapping of survey responses displays a spatial segregation of perceived disaster risk. The study highlights the importance of adopting spatial and risk-specific disaster preparedness policies and interventions. The results of the study would also be useful for tailoring appropriate disaster management policies to improve community resilience for poverty-stricken areas in developing countries.

scholarly journals Forest Cover Dynamics in the City of Poznań from 1830 to 2004

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Andrzej Macias ◽  
Marta Dryjer
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
The City

Forest Cover Dynamics in the City of Poznań from 1830 to 2004 Forests on the urban areas are of a great importance for the biodiversity of this territory. Moreover, they play numerous functions in the environment and constitute, at present, on important element of the ecological urban system. Nevertheless, the changes of the forest areas in the city of Poznań have never been discussed so far. This article presents the results of research of the changes of forest areas in Poznań within the administrative borders of Poznań in 2004. It was performed for the period 1830-2004 for six selected moments in which topographic maps of this area were prepared i.e. 1830, 1888, 1940, 1960, 1979 and 2004 During this period forest area increased by 2367 ha. The effect of numerous afforestations and deforestations is that forest area which was not subject to these treatments from 1830 to 2004 constitutes only 481 ha (14.6% of forest areas of Poznań). Four periods of dynamics of changes of forest areas were distinguished. During the last one, taking place presently, forest area has decreased slightly. In the case of Poznań, maintaining forests is significant from the point of view of their importance not only for functioning of green wedges but also the whole environment of this city. Therefore, one of the directions of spatial development of the city of Poznań should be maintaining and increasing forest areas as the element of the implementation of sustainable development principles.

Natural Disasters and their Impact on Cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Skidmore ◽  
Jungmin Lim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
Heat Vulnerability

Two significant trends suggest that it will be increasingly important to consider urban resilience to natural disasters in the coming years. First, there is a consensus among most climate scientists that we are experiencing a period of significant and ongoing climate change, and it is expected that there will be an increase in the number and severity of extreme climate events in the coming years. Second, the global population is increasingly becoming urbanized, and many cities are located in coastal areas that are vulnerable to severe climatic events. As these trends play out over time, the potential for disaster losses and impact increases. At the same time, the growth of urban populations produces greater concentrations of people vulnerable to natural disasters. When disasters strikes in rural areas, there may be damage to structures and crops, but compared to urban areas, recovery and the restoration of basic functions is relatively straightforward. However, given the concentration of people and complexity of systems, urban disasters can lead to significantly greater impacts. Preparation for and recovery from major urban disasters is of paramount importance in order to minimize these losses. Further, natural disasters represent a significant threat to key technological systems that support urban life. The failure of technological systems due to disasters is a major concern to urban planners and policymakers, as lengthy disruptions are an ongoing threat to life well after the direct impacts conclude. This bibliography summarizes a body of work on natural disaster impacts in cities. It is organized into five sections. The first section presents research on the growing General Overviews: Disaster Risk in Cities and Urban Areas, with an emphasis on low-lying coastal or riverside locations. This section also highlights the consensus among urban planning scholars that disaster risk management should be integrated into urban planning and management more generally. Section 2 considers the Various Impacts of Natural Disasters on Cities and Urban Areas, including economic and labor market impacts, effects on housing markets and property values, and health impacts, including loss of life. In section 3, a series of articles on Urban Disaster Vulnerability and Risk Factors are summarized, focusing on the underlying societal conditions and systems that determine vulnerability. Section 4, Extreme Heat in Urban Areas, considers the narrower topic of heat vulnerability, which is very important given that many urban areas generate heat islands. The last section addresses Disaster Management and Mitigation in Cities and Urban Areas, including the political and governance challenges of implementing adaptation strategies, measuring and building resilience, and recovery and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Population dynamics and management strategies for the invasive African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Western Ghats hotspot

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 16380-16384
Author(s):  
Kuttanelloor Roshni ◽  
Chelapurath Radhakrishnan Renjithkumar ◽  
Rajeev Raghavan ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Ranjeet Kutty
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Virtual Population ◽  
Negative Impacts

The African sharp-tooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus has caused significant negative impacts on freshwater biodiversity, especially in the developing world. An assessment of the demographics of an invasive C. gariepinus population from a freshwater Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) site in Southern India, revealed high growth rate, low fishing mortality and year-round recruitment as major driving factors aiding its successful establishment. Modelling of population dynamics using virtual population analysis and yield per recruit suggests that, while capturing larger individuals can help reduce population, eradication of the species is possible only by targeting small-sized, immature fish (<10 cm).

scholarly journals From ‘government’ to ‘governance’: Tensions in disaster-resilience leadership in Zimbabwe

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pathias P. Bongo ◽  
Siambabala B. Manyena
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
And Control

This article examines the challenges that disaster leadership faces to move away from a top-down, command-and-control style to distributed leadership. The article challenges the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction which appears to be silent on leadership and instead emphasises ‘good governance’ to enhance organisational and institutional capacity for disaster resilience. We posit that leadership is an indispensable component of good governance, and not emphasising it could be tantamount to a gross underestimation of disaster policy and practice. Using the data from participatory action research that was conducted in Matabeleland South Province, Zimbabwe, the findings reveal some tensions in shifting from command and control to distributed leadership in disaster-risk reduction, which has implications for the shift from government to governance in disaster risks. More importantly, this study reiterates the blurred distinctions between disaster-risk reduction and sustainable development. Thus, unless well-known, sustainable development challenges are addressed – particularly community-based leadership, good governance, the integration of local knowledge, empowerment and ownership of development programmes – shifting from government to disaster governance is likely to continue facing challenges.

The Job Of Microfinance For The Advancement Of Self Help Groups In India

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Dr.R. Murugesan ◽  
M. Leelavathi ◽  
Dr. K. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Positive Step ◽  
Food Consumed

towards jumping from the category of developing economy to developed economy there is one big factor that stops and poses a hindrance in its path of advancement and that obstacle is termed as Poverty. The Indian economic policy focuses on a high growth rate along with a equal participation of the poor so that they avail the opportunities available in the market economy. And in order to ensure the participation of the poor it has become important for the country to create a platform where the poor can easily access the various financial products. Microfinance is one such strategy for inclusive growth. Microfinance can change the life of the poor though not completely but a reasonable change can be ensured. In different phases of life women play a crucial role despite the discrimination that is faced by them. But equality can be endowed to women by enhancing the entrepreneurial skills in them. This is possible through Self Help Groups (SHGs). In India women produce around 30% of the total food consumed but she gets only 10% of the property or wealth of the country. Development of women is inevitable for the development and growth of any economy. SHGs happen to be a positive step in this direction. Along with these mediums there should be a cheap and easy source of credit for them and Microfinance fulfills the requirement. This study aims to find the role of this strong medium of Microfinance in the advancement of SHGs in India

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