scholarly journals Women’s Media Use and Preferences of Media-Based Interventions on Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors in Gynecological and Obstetric Care: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Center Study in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9840
Author(s):  
Manuela Bombana ◽  
Maren Wittek ◽  
Gerhard Müller ◽  
Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner ◽  
Michel Wensing
Keyword(s):  
Media Use ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Insurance Status ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
At Home

This study aimed to investigate factors affecting (1) women’s media use regarding health-related behaviors during pregnancy and lactation, (2) women’s preferences for media format, and (3) the content of media-based interventions on lifestyle-related risk factors during pregnancy and lactation. A cross-sectional observational multi-center study of pregnant and lactating women and women of childbearing age was carried out in 14 randomly selected obstetric and gynecologic care settings in the 12 most populated cities in Baden-Wuerttemberg, South-West Germany. Data from 219 surveyed women showed that older women, pregnant women, and lactating women have a higher probability of using media during pregnancy and lactation, respectively. The majority of women preferred a combination of analog and digital media-based interventions in gynecological (46.9%) and obstetric (47.1%) care settings and at home (73.0%). Women would like to see information brochures and flyers on health-related behaviors during pregnancy and lactation for use in gynecological and obstetric care settings, and for media use at home, they would like to have books. The probability of preferring the favored media formats in gynecological and obstetric care settings and at home were associated with pregnancy status, relationship status, socioeconomic status (SES), ethnicity, and health insurance status. About 80% of the surveyed women preferred media content regarding recommendations for a healthy lifestyle and healthy behavior during pregnancy and lactation. All of the independent variables were associated with the probability of preferring a specific media content. The SES was found to play a major role in the probability of preferring a specific media content, followed by pregnancy status, ethnicity, and health insurance status. The results from our study provide a basis for tailored preventive interventions in gynecological and obstetric care settings and for use at home. The results imply that a woman can be reached before conception, during pregnancy, or during lactation with preventive measures tailored to their requirements; however, acceptance may vary across personal attributes, such as SES, ethnicity, and others.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Digital Media-related Admissions in Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Gansner ◽  
Erin Belfort ◽  
Caroline Leahy ◽  
Danielle Mirda ◽  
Nicholas Carson
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Admissions ◽  
Adolescent Report ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychiatrically Hospitalized ◽  
Suicide Planning

Background: Prevalent adolescent digital media use has brought clinical attention to its potential associated risks. While excessive digital media use has been connected to adolescent difficulties with mood and impulsivity, no study has examined digital media’s role in precipitating adolescent psychiatric admissions. Objective: Our study aims were to identify and characterize digital media-related admissions in a sample of psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents, and to recognize unique patterns of digital media use within this sample. We hypothesized that adolescents with digital mediarelated admissions would endorse higher amounts of digital media use and problematic online behaviors. Methods: We administered a cross-sectional survey of psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents between 2012 and 2016. Admissions were considered related to digital media use either by adolescent report or documentation in the medical record. Unadjusted comparisons were used to examine relationships between digital media-related psychiatric admissions, online behaviors and suicide-related risk factors. Results: 68 of 218 participants (31.2%) had digital media-related admissions. The most frequent cause of digital media-related admission was cyberbullying (31.9%). Teens with digital- media related admissions were significantly more likely to sext, use social media, and be cyberbullied; these adolescents were also at increased risk of suicide planning and hopelessness. Conclusion: Efforts should be made by mental health clinicians to identify and address online relational conflict, as well as to screen for cyberbullying and sexting. Clinicians should consider that adolescents with digital media-related presentations may be at elevated risk of self-harm, with higher rates of suicide planning and hopelessness compared to hospitalized peers with admissions unrelated to digital media.

scholarly journals Religiosity and Health-Related Risk Behaviours in a Secular Culture—Is there a Correlation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2381-2396
Author(s):  
Nanna Herning Svensson ◽  
Niels Christian Hvidt ◽  
Susanne Pagh Nissen ◽  
Maria Munch Storsveen ◽  
Elisabeth Assing Hvidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secular Culture ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Religious Cultures

Abstract In the present study, we examine the correlation between religiosity and health-related risk behaviours among citizens aged 29–60 based on a cross-sectional survey in Denmark, known for its more secular culture. Health-related risk behaviours such as smoking and alcohol intake are known to increase the risk of developing one or more chronic or life-threatening diseases. In this study religiosity, in a random sample of Danes, seems to be associated with healthier lifestyle, such as a healthier dietary pattern and less smoking, as is found in more religious cultures. Our study suggests that religious practice among Danish citizens seems to be correlated with health behaviours and that healthcare professionals should pay more attention to the connection between religiosity and health.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of the Link between Female Same Sex and Health Problems among Women Who Have Sex with Women in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackline V. Mbishi ◽  
Happiness P Saronga ◽  
Saidah S Bakar ◽  
Switbert R Kamazima ◽  
Beatrice R Stanslaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Unsafe Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Women who have sex with other women (WSW) have high chances of health-related problems stemming from their unsafe sexual behaviors and practices. Their awareness of risky sexual behaviors and the health-related consequences is limited by the covert nature of WSW relationships. However, we cannot generalize the level of awareness since WSW around the world has been subjected to different policies that either proscribe or accept their practices as their right. In view of the divergence, this study evaluated the level of awareness of the link between female same sex and other health-related problems among WSW in Tanzania. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive and retrospective study, which was conducted in Dar es Salaam between January and February 2021. The participants of the study were WSW, proxy WSW, and women who at one time had female same-sex relationships. The study also used community members aged 18 years and above but only those who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through qualitative in-depth interviews (IDIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), interviews (KIIs), and life stories. All the data generated through the study were analyzed thematically. Results: The findings of the study suggest that women have limited knowledge of the health-related risk that come with practicing same-sex. Most study participants did not believe they could contact STIs and other health-related problems through unsafe sexual practices with fellow women partners. Conclusion: Most WSW has limited knowledge of the health consequences of unsafe same sex practices. The research sets precedent for wide scope studies to address transmission risks of STIs among these communities in Tanzania.

scholarly journals It’s the Content That Counts: Longitudinal Associations between Social Media Use, Parental Monitoring and Alcohol Use in an Australian Sample of Adolescents Aged 13 to 16 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7599
Author(s):  
Anna Smout ◽  
Cath Chapman ◽  
Marius Mather ◽  
Tim Slade ◽  
Maree Teesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Media Content ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: More time spent on social media has been linked to increased alcohol use, with exposure to peer alcohol-related content on social media (content exposure) named as a critical factor in this relationship. Little is currently known about whether early content exposure may have lasting effects across adolescent development, or about the capacity of parental monitoring of social media use to interrupt these links. (2) Methods: These gaps were addressed in both cross-sectional and longitudinal contexts among a longitudinal sample of Australian secondary school students (n = 432) across the ages of 13–16. (3) Results: Evidence was found for links between social media use and alcohol use frequency in early development. Social media time at age 13 was significantly associated with concurrent alcohol use frequency. At age 13, alcohol use frequency was significantly higher among those who reported content exposure compared to those who reported no exposure. Longitudinally, the frequency of alcohol use over time increased at a faster rate among participants who reported content exposure at age 13. In terms of parental monitoring, no longitudinal effects were observed. However, parental monitoring at age 13 did significantly reduce the concurrent relationship between alcohol use frequency and content exposure. (4) Conclusion: The impact of social media content exposure on alcohol use in adolescence may be more important than the time spent on social media, and any protective effect of parental monitoring on content exposure may be limited to the time it is being concurrently enacted.

scholarly journals Associations of Health Literacy, Social Media Use, Self-efficacy and Health Information Seeking Intentions among Chinese Social Media Users (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomeng Niu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Jessica Willoughby ◽  
Ze Li ◽  
Rongting Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND Empirical research has demonstrated that people frequently use social media for gathering and sharing online health information. Health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy are important factors that may influence people’s health behaviors online. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the associations between health literacy, health-related social media use, self-efficacy and health behavioral intentions online. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Chinese adults aged 18 and above (N = 449) to examine predictors of health-related behavioral intentions online including health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy. Hayes’ PROCESS macro was used to analyze the mediation and moderation models. RESULTS Two moderated mediation models were constructed. Self-efficacy mediated the effects of health literacy (Bindirect=0.213, 95% CI: 0.101 to 0.339) and social media use (Bindirect=0.023, 95% CI: 0.008 to 0.045) on health behavioral intentions on social media. Age moderated the effects of health literacy on self-efficacy (P=.029), while previous experience moderated the effects of social media use on self-efficacy (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Health literacy and health-related social media use influenced health behavioral intentions on social media via their prior effects on self-efficacy. The association between health literacy and self-efficacy was stronger among younger respondents, whereas the association between health-related social media use and self-efficacy was stronger among those who previously had positive experiences with health information on social media. Health practitioners should target self-efficacy among older population and increase positive media experience related to health. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Parent Emigration, Physical Health and Related Risk and Preventive Factors of Children Left Behind: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Justina Račaitė ◽  
Jutta Lindert ◽  
Khatia Antia ◽  
Volker Winkler ◽  
Rita Sketerskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Migration ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
China Studies

The aim of our study was to systematically review the literature on physical health and related consequences of internal and international parental migration on left-behind children (LBC). This review followed PRISMA guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases and included studies reporting physical health-related outcomes of children affected by parental migration. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. We selected 34 publications from a total of 6061 search results. The study found that LBC suffer from poor physical health as compared with non-LBC. Physical health-related risk factors such as underweight, lower weight, stunted growth, unhealthy food preferences, lower physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, injuries, and incomplete vaccination tend to be more prevalent among LBC in China. Studies focussing on international migration argue that having migrant parents might be preventive for undernutrition. Overall, our study showed that children affected by internal or international migration tend to have similar physical health outcomes. Moreover, we identified a lack of evidence on international parental migration that may have influenced the overall impacts. Further studies addressing international migration would contribute to better understand the impacts of migration for LBC.

scholarly journals Health-Related Counseling of Elderly People in the Domestic Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Nursing Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Domestic Setting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
At Home

Introduction: In accordance with the wish of elderly people to live independently in their own homes for as long as possible, appropriate consideration should be granted to the promotion of elderly people’s independence from a social and health-political viewpoint. Aim: The aim was to assess the functional health of elderly people living at home and thus, based on individual problem areas and resources, the need for provision of health-related counseling. Method: In the framework of an exploratory cross-sectional study, entitled “Preventive Senior Counseling in Tyrol”, a multidimensional nursing assessment through self-reporting was performed on 345 people aged 70+. Derived from the individual assessed problem areas and resources, the registered nurses decided which of the recommended and standardized 14 counseling topics were relevant for the individual participants. Results: Initially, the sample of elderly people was analyzed in relation to their belonging to one of four functional health-related risk groups (e.g. risk of falls etc.). Many people – irrelevant if they belonged to any of the risk groups or none at all - showed a high degree of independence as well as a multitude of health-related impairments. All of these findings highlighted a pronounced need for counseling, although on different topics. Discussion: The preventive home visit, as offered here, was used as a counseling instrument for elderly people in the domestic setting. A serious need for counseling on issues that support independent living at home derives from the nursing assessment of the participants’ problem areas and resources.

scholarly journals Effect of the timing of stay-at-home orders on COVID-19 infections in the United States of America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megh Trivedi ◽  
Anirudha Das
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Case Rate ◽  
At Home

Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic has sparked growing global interest in understanding the spread and outcome of the virus. From previous pandemics, we have learned that several demographic, geographic, and socio-economic factors may play a role in increasing risk of infection. Our objective was to examine the association of timing of mandated stay-at-home orders at the county-level with COVID-19 cases, daily case rate and mortality in the United States of America (USA). Publicly available data were used to perform a cross-sectional study of USA counties with > 100,000 population, and at least 50 confirmed cases per 100,000 people as of May 24, 2020. The three outcome variables were: total cases/100,000, daily case rate (DCR), and total deaths/100,000. Out of 3142 USA counties, 569 met the inclusion criteria. Of all variables, the timing of state-mandated stay-at-home order had the most significant effect on all three outcomes after adjusting for multiple socio-demographic, geographic and health related factors. Additional factors with significant association with increased cases and deaths include population density, housing problem, unemployment, African American race, and age > 65. Policymakers at the local level must take this into consideration while planning for interventions to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Predictors of adherence to public health instructions during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Pollak ◽  
Haym Dayan ◽  
Rachel Shoham ◽  
Itai Berger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
High Psychological Distress ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related

AbstractImportanceIdentifying risk factors for adherence to public health instructions for the COVID-19 pandemic may be crucial for controlling the rate of transmission and the pandemic’s health and economic impacts.ObjectiveTo determine sociodemographic, health-related, risk-related, and instruction-related factors that predict non-adherence to instructions for the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignCross-sectional survey in Israel collected between March 28 and April 10, 2020.SettingPopulation-based study.ParticipantsA convenience sample completed an online survey.ExposuresSociodemographic, health-related, risk-related, and instruction-related characteristics of the participants that have been linked to adherence to medical instructions.Main Outcome and MeasureNon-adherence to instructions defined by a mean score of less than 4 on a 1 to 5 adherence scale consisting of 19 instruction items.ResultsAmong 654 participants (413 [64.8%] female, age 40.14 [15.23] years), 28.7% were defined as non-adherents. Non-adherence was associated with male gender [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.54, CI 1.03– 2.31], not having children [aOR = 1.73, 1.13–2.65], smoking [aOR = 2.27, CI 1.42–3.62], high levels of ADHD symptoms [aOR = 1.55, CI 1.07–2.25], high levels of past risk-taking behavior [aOR = 1.41, CI 1.10–1.81], as well as by current high psychological distress [aOR = 1.51, CI 1.14–2.01], low perceived risk of COVID-19 [aOR = 1.52, CI 1.22–1.89], low exposure to the instructions [aOR = 1.45, CI 1.14–1.82], and low perceived efficacy of the instructions [aOR = 1.47, CI 1.16–1.85]. Adjusted OR of age, economic status, physical health status, and exposure to media did not reach the significance level.Conclusions and RelevancePeople with the above characteristics may have increased risk for non-adherence to public health instructions. There appears to be a need for setting out and communicating instructions to specifically targeted at-risk populations.Key PointsQuestionWhat factors are associated with non-adherence to public health instructions during COVID-19?FindingsIn a cross-sectional study of 654 Israeli participants, non-adherence to instructions was associated with male gender, not having children, smoking, high levels of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, low level of pro-sociality, and high levels of past risk-taking behavior, as well as by current high psychological distress, high perceived risk of the COVID-19, high exposure to the instructions, and high perceived efficacy of the instructions.MeaningThe findings suggest that in setting out and communicating public health instructions, policymakers should consider the above sociodemographic, health-related, risk-related, and instruction-related characteristics.

Development and Validation of Adolescent Media Health Literacy Scales: A Rasch Measurement Model Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Fleary
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Rasch Measurement ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND High media use is implicated in negative social and health outcomes in adolescents. Therefore, it is critical that adolescents develop skills to healthily engage with media-content. Yet, media health literacy (MHL), skills for assessing and responding to health-related media content and a potentially targetable moderator for the relationship between media use and health-related outcomes is understudied in adolescents. Lack of MHL assessment tools may contribute to this research gap. OBJECTIVE This study developed and validated test-based scales of adolescents’ MHL. METHODS Items developed were vetted iteratively via community reviews and cognitive interviews to establish content and face validity. Adolescents (n=355) completed a questionnaire including the revised MHL items. The scales were validated using Rasch measurement models. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the summed scores of the three scales with existing functional and internet-related HL measures. Criterion validity was assessed by modeling logistic regressions predicting HL-related behaviors from each scale after controlling for demographics. Effect sizes were estimated. A short form was also validated. RESULTS The final MHL scales (Recognition/Identification, Influence/Critical analysis, Action/Reaction) fit their Rasch models. The 9-item Recognition/Identification and 9-item Influence/Critical analysis had good convergent validity with functional and internet-related health literacy measures and were positively related to reading instructions before taking medicine and questioning the truthfulness of online information. The 12-item MHL Scales-Short Form also had good convergent and criterion validity. However, convergent and criterion validity were not established for the 3-item Action/Reaction Scale. CONCLUSIONS The Recognition/Identification and Influence/Critical analysis scales and the MHL Scales-Short Form may be used to determine the impact of MHL on the media use/health outcomes relationships and ultimately inform the development of interventions and policies to affect these relationships in multiple settings.

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