scholarly journals Development and Pilot Use of a Questionnaire to Assess the Knowledge of Midwives and Pediatric Nurses on Maternal Use of Analgesics during Lactation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11555
Author(s):  
Ine Janssens ◽  
Margot Van Hauwe ◽  
Michael Ceulemans ◽  
Karel Allegaert
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Pediatric Nurses ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Pilot Survey ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
Valid Instrument

There is a need to assess the knowledge of healthcare providers on the use of maternal analgesics during lactation; however, valid instruments are not yet available. This study aimed to develop and test a valid questionnaire on the knowledge of analgesics (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin, tramadol, codeine, oxycodone) during lactation, using a structured, stepwise approach. As a first step, literature was screened to generate a preliminary version consisting of a pool of item subgroups. This preliminary version was subsequently reviewed during two focus groups (midwives: n = 4; pediatric nurses: n = 6), followed by a two-round online Delphi with experts (n = 7) to confirm item and scale content validity. This resulted in an instrument consisting of 33 questions and 5 specific clinical case descriptions for both disciplines. Based on the assumption of an a priori difference in knowledge between midwives and pediatric nurses related to their curricula (known-groups validity), high construct validity was demonstrated in a pilot survey (midwives: n = 86; pediatric nurses: n = 73). We therefore conclude that a valid instrument to assess knowledge on lactation-related exposure to analgesics was generated, which could be further validated and used for research and educational purposes. As these pilot findings suggest suboptimal knowledge for both professions on this topic, adaptations to their curricula and postgraduate training might be warranted.

scholarly journals Development of a Questionnaire and Pilot Use to Assess the Knowledge of Midwives and Pediatric Nurses on Maternal Use of Analgesics during Lactation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ine Janssens ◽  
Margot Van Hauwe ◽  
Michael Ceulemans ◽  
Karel Allegaert
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Pediatric Nurses ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
Valid Instrument

There is a need to assess the knowledge of healthcare providers on the use of maternal analgesics during lactation, while a valid instrument is not yet available. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire on the knowledge of analgesics (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin, tramadol, codeine, oxycodone) during lactation, using a prospective, stepwise approach. To generate a pool of item subgroups, literature was assessed as first step. This preliminary version was subsequently reviewed in two focus groups [midwives (n=4), pediatric nurses (n=6)], followed by an expert panel (n=7, 2 rounds) to confirm content validity [item-level and scale content validity]. This resulted in a instrument consisting of 33 questions, and 5 clincial case descriptions specific for both disciplines. Based on known-groups validity between midwives and pediatric nurses (assuming an a priori difference related to their curricula), high construct validity was subsequently demonstrated in a pilot e-survey (86 midwives, 73 pediatric nurses). We therefore conclude that an instrument to assess knowledge on lactation-related exposure to analgesics was generated, that can be further developed and validated. Furthermore, pilot findings suggest suboptimal knowledge for both professions, so that adaptations in their curricula and postgraduate training are warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluating the content validity of two versions of an instrument used in measuring pediatric pain knowledge and attitudes in the Ghanaian context

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241983
Author(s):  
Abigail Kusi Amponsah ◽  
Victoria Bam ◽  
Minna Stolt ◽  
Joonas Korhonen ◽  
Anna Axelin
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Pediatric Nurses ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Pain Knowledge ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare

In this article, we compared the content validity of two instruments used in measuring pediatric pain knowledge and attitudes. This was considered necessary due to the universal differences in culture, semantics and healthcare resources in different parts of the globe. Thirteen (13) pediatric experts in Ghana assessed the content validity of two instruments: the 42-item Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS) and the 41-item Pediatric Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PHPKASRP). The relevance and clarity of each item on these instruments were rated on a four-point likert scaled options from 1 (not relevant/ not clear) to 4 (very relevant/ very clear). The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was calculated by dividing the number of experts who rated an item with 3 or 4 by the total number of experts. The average scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) was also estimated by summing up the I-CVIs of all items and dividing them by the total number of items. The I-CVIs on the PNKAS ranged from 0.62 to 1.00 for the relevance component and 0.69 to 1.00 for the clarity component. The I-CVIs on the PHPKASRP ranged from 0.62 to 1.00 for both the relevance and clarity components. The S-CVI/Ave were 0.87 and 0.89 for the relevance and clarity aspects on the PNKAS respectively. The S-CVI/Ave for the PHPKASRP instrument were 0.86 and 0.89 for the relevance and clarity aspects correspondingly. At the end of the validation process, 5 items were revised on both instruments whilst 37 and 36 items were maintained on the PNKAS and PHPKASRP instruments respectively. The PNKAS and PHPKASRP have an acceptable level of content validity in the Ghanaian context and recommended for educational and research purposes. Other forms of validity and reliability of these instruments should also be examined in future studies.

scholarly journals Stillbirth outcome capture and classification in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Blencowe ◽  
◽  
Matteo Bottecchia ◽  
Doris Kwesiga ◽  
Joseph Akuze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Household surveys remain important sources of stillbirth data, but omission and misclassification are common. Classifying adverse pregnancy outcomes as stillbirths requires accurate reporting of vital status at birth and gestational age or birthweight for every pregnancy. Further categorisation, e.g. by sex, or timing (intrapartum/antepartum) improves data to understand and prevent stillbirth. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional population-based survey of women of reproductive age in five health and demographic surveillance system sites in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau and Uganda (2017–2018). All women answered a full birth history with pregnancy loss questions (FBH+) or a full pregnancy history (FPH). A sub-sample across both groups were asked additional stillbirth questions. Questions were evaluated using descriptive measures. Using an interpretative paradigm and phenomenology methodology, focus group discussions with women exploring barriers to reporting birthweight for stillbirths were conducted. Thematic analysis was guided by an a priori codebook. Results Overall 69,176 women reported 98,483 livebirths (FBH+) and 102,873 pregnancies (FPH). Additional questions were asked for 1453 stillbirths, 1528 neonatal deaths and 12,620 surviving children born in the 5 years prior to the survey. Completeness was high (> 99%) for existing FBH+/FPH questions on signs of life at birth and gestational age (months). Discordant responses in signs of life at birth between different questions were common; nearly one-quarter classified as stillbirths on FBH+/FPH were reported born alive on additional questions. Availability of information on gestational age (weeks) (58.1%) and birthweight (13.2%) was low amongst stillbirths, and heaping was common. Most women (93.9%) were able to report the sex of their stillborn baby. Response completeness for stillbirth timing (18.3–95.1%) and estimated proportion intrapartum (15.6–90.0%) varied by question and site. Congenital malformations were reported in 3.1% stillbirths. Perceived value in weighing a stillborn baby varied and barriers to weighing at birth a nd knowing birthweight were common. Conclusions Improving stillbirth data in surveys will require investment in improving the measurement of vital status, gestational age and birthweight by healthcare providers, communication of these with women, and overcoming reporting barriers. Given the large burden and effect on families, improved data must be made available to end preventable stillbirths.

scholarly journals A qualitative inquiry of access to and quality of primary healthcare in seven communities in East and West Africa (SevenCEWA): perspectives of stakeholders, healthcare providers and users

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soter Ameh ◽  
Bolarinwa Oladimeji Akeem ◽  
Caleb Ochimana ◽  
Abayomi Olabayo Oluwasanu ◽  
Shukri F. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
East And West ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background Universal health coverage is one of the Sustainable Development Goal targets known to improve population health and reduce financial burden. There is little qualitative data on access to and quality of primary healthcare in East and West Africa. The aim of this study was to describe the viewpoints of healthcare users, healthcare providers and other stakeholders on health-seeking behaviour, access to and quality of healthcare in seven communities in East and West Africa. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in four communities in Nigeria and one community each in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania in 2018. Purposive sampling was used to recruit: 155 respondents (mostly healthcare users) for 24 focus group discussions, 25 healthcare users, healthcare providers and stakeholders for in-depth interviews and 11 healthcare providers and stakeholders for key informant interviews. The conceptual framework in this study combined elements of the Health Belief Model, Health Care Utilisation Model, four ‘As’ of access to care, and pathway model to better understand the a priori themes on access to and quality of primary healthcare as well as health-seeking behaviours of the study respondents. A content analysis of the data was done using MAXQDA 2018 qualitative software to identify these a priori themes and emerging themes. Results Access to primary healthcare in the seven communities was limited, especially use of health insurance. Quality of care was perceived to be unacceptable in public facilities whereas cost of care was unaffordable in private facilities. Health providers and users as well as stakeholders highlighted shortage of equipment, frequent drug stock-outs and long waiting times as major issues, but had varying opinions on satisfaction with care. Use of herbal medicines and other traditional treatments delayed or deterred seeking modern healthcare in the Nigerian sites. Conclusions There was a substantial gap in primary healthcare coverage and quality in the selected communities in rural and urban East and West Africa. Alternative models of healthcare delivery that address social and health inequities, through affordable health insurance, can be used to fill this gap and facilitate achieving universal health coverage.

scholarly journals Clinical Radiology Case Presentation: Do’s and Don’ts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geethu E. Punnen ◽  
Shyamkumar N. Keshava ◽  
Sridhar Gibikote
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Clinical Radiology ◽  
Design Skills ◽  
Case Presentations

AbstractClinical case presentation is part of daily routine for doctors to communicate with each other to facilitate learning, and ultimately patient management. Hence, the art of good clinical case presentation is a skill that needs to be mastered. Case presentations are a part of most undergraduate and postgraduate training programs aimed at nurturing oratory and presentation design skills. This article is an attempt at providing a trainee in radiology a guideline to good case presentation skills.

scholarly journals VP199 Limitations Of Studies On Oxygen Therapy In Acute Care Settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
Carmen Moga ◽  
Dagmara Chojecki
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Acute Care Settings

INTRODUCTION:A high-level, rapid review (1) was conducted on oxygen therapy issues studied in the past 10 years in acute care settings. The main objective was to determine the appropriateness/inappropriateness of use, safety issues, and quality of care associated with oxygen prescription, administration, and monitoring. The results from this review were used to inform an upcoming provincial oxygen summit.METHODS:The Health Technology Assessment review (1) used a standardized rapid review approach: a comprehensive search of literature (published in English from 2005 to 2016), study selection using a priori developed criteria, and a qualitative synthesis of the results. Iterative interactions with the requester were necessary to clarify and refine the research questions, scope, and inclusion criteria.RESULTS:Twenty-four audit studies were reviewed, the majority published after 2011, in the United Kingdom, and also in single institutions. Twelve studies reported effects after implementing interventions for improvement of oxygen prescription. Many studies had caveats on design, data reporting, and outcomes, or they lacked an explanation of the methods of analysis. Studies conducted in rural settings, and on infants and children were unavailable. The reported issues with oxygen therapy included: a lack or an inconsistency of compliance with guidelines, local policies, and standards; inappropriate prescription and administration; variability in practice among healthcare providers; and suboptimal monitoring, including poor standards of medical chart documentation for patients receiving oxygen therapy, such as incomplete details on flow rate and oxygen concentration.CONCLUSIONS:Possibly due to the general tendency to publish research findings that have statistically significant results, relatively few publications were found in the literature search. The universal use of oxygen therapy and the enrolment of consecutive patients in some of the studies increase the applicability of the findings to other institutions. The rapid review provided a timely synthesis of the available, credible research for use by local stakeholders for further discussions and planning.

scholarly journals Development and Psychometric Properties of The Delayed Childbearing Questionnaire (DCBQ-55)

Healthcare ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Behboudi-Gandevani ◽  
Saeideh Ziaei ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad ◽  
Farideh Khalajabadi Farahani ◽  
Mojtaba Vaismoradi
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Delayed Childbearing ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Reliable Instrument ◽  
The Face

The comprehensive assessment of delayed childbearing needs a valid and reliable instrument. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop an instrument to evaluate factors influencing delayed childbearing among women and to assess its psychometric properties. The current methodological study was performed in two phases of (i) qualitative instrument development, and (ii) quantitative psychometric assessment of the developed instrument. Face and content validity of the instrument was assessed by eligible women and a panel of experts. Construct validity was assessed using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). For reliability, internal consistency reliability and intra-rater reliability analysis were used. The initial instrument developed from the qualitative phase consisted of 60 items, which were reduced to 55 items after the face and content validity processes. EFA (n = 300) using the Kaiser criteria (Eigenvalues > 1) and the scree plot led to a six-factor solution accounting for 61.24% of the observed variance. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, Spearman’s correlation, test–retest and intra-class correlation coefficients for the whole instrument were reported as 0.83, 0.86 and 0.81, respectively. The final instrument entitled the delayed childbearing questionnaire (DCBQ-55) included 50 items with six domains of ‘readiness for childbearing’, ‘stability in the partner relationship’, ‘awareness about the adverse outcomes of pregnancy in advanced maternal age’, ‘attitude toward delayed childbearing’, ‘family support’, and ‘social support’ on a five-point Likert scale. The DCBQ-55 as a simple, valid and reliable instrument can assess factors influencing delayed childbearing. It can be used by reproductive healthcare providers and policy makers to understand factors influencing delayed childbearing and devise appropriate strategies.

scholarly journals Clinical indicators to identify neuropathic pain in low back-related leg pain: protocol for a modified Delphi study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e033547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Mistry ◽  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Tim Noblet ◽  
Nicola R Heneghan ◽  
Alison B Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Eligibility Criterion ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Ethical Approval

IntroductionNeuropathic low back-related leg pain (LBLP) can be a challenge to healthcare providers to diagnose and treat. Accurate diagnosis of neuropathic pain is fundamental to ensure appropriate intervention is given. However, to date there is no gold standard to diagnose neuropathic LBLP. A Delphi study will therefore be conducted to obtain an expert-derived consensus list of clinical indicators to identify a neuropathic component to LBLP.Methods/analysisIncluded participants will be considered experts within the field as measured against a predefined eligibility criterion. Through an iterative multistage process, participants will rate their agreement with a list of clinical indicators and suggest any missing clinical indicators during each round. Agreement will be measured using a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics will be used to measure agreement; median, IQR and percentage of agreement. A priori consensus criteria will be defined for each round. Data analysis at the end of round three will enable a list of clinical indicators to be derived.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was gained from the University of Birmingham (ERN_19-1142). On completion of the study, findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.

scholarly journals Understanding of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome among Pediatric Healthcare Providers

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chiaka Ejike ◽  
Jennifer Newcombe ◽  
Joanne Baerg ◽  
Khaled Bahjri ◽  
Mudit Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Pediatric Nurses ◽  
Pediatric Critical Care ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare ◽  
Abdominal Compartment

Background. The sparse reporting of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in the pediatric literature may reflect inadequate awareness and recognition among pediatric healthcare providers (HCP).Purpose. To assess awareness of ACS, knowledge of the definition and intraabdominal pressure (IAP) measurement techniques used among pediatric HCP.Method. A written survey distributed at two pediatric critical care conferences.Results. Forty-seven percent of 1107 questionnaires were completed. Participants included pediatric intensivists, pediatric nurses, and others. Seventy-seven percent () of participants had heard of ACS. Only 46.8% defined ACS correctly. The threshold IAP value used to define ACS was variable among participants. About one-quarter of participants (83/343), had never measured IAP.Conclusion. Twenty-three percent of HCP surveyed were unaware of ACS. Criteria used to define ACS were variable. Focused education on recognition of ACS and measuring IAP should be promoted among pediatric HCP.

A Status Report on the ILRS Contribution to ITRF2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Luceri ◽  
Erricos C. Pavlis ◽  
Antonio Basoni ◽  
David Sarrocco ◽  
Magdalena Kuzmicz-Cieslak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Status Report ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Ground System ◽  
Space Geodetic Techniques ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
And Performance

<p>The International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) Analysis Standing Committee (ASC) plans to complete the re-analysis of the SLR data since 1983 to end of this year by early 2021. This will ensure that the ILRS contribution to ITRF2020 will be available to ITRS by February 2021, as agreed by all space geodetic techniques answering its call. In preparation for the development of this contribution, the ILRS completed the re-analysis of all data (1983 to present), based on an improved modeling of the data and a novel approach that ensures the results are free of systematic errors in the underlying data. The new approach was developed after the completion of ITRF2014, the ILRS ASC devoting almost entirely its efforts on this task. A Pilot Project initially demonstrated the robust estimation of persistent systematic errors at the millimeter level, leading us to adopt a consistent set of a priori corrections for data collected in past years. The initial reanalysis used these corrections, leading to improved results for the TRF attributes, reflected in the resulting new time series of the TRF origin and scale. The ILRS ASC will now use the new approach in the development of its operational products and as a tool to monitor station performance, extending the history of systematics for each system that will be used in future re-analysis. The new operational products form a seamless extension of the re-analysis series, providing a continuous product based on our best knowledge of the ground system behavior and performance, without any dependence whatsoever on a priori knowledge of systematic errors (although information provided by the stations from their own engineering investigations are always welcome and taken into consideration). The presentation will demonstrate the level of improvement with respect to the previous ILRS product series and give a glimpse of what is to be expected from the development of a preliminary version of the ITRF2020.</p>

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