scholarly journals Exploring the Association between Alcohol Drinking and Physical Activity in Adolescence; Two-Year Prospective Study in Younger Adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11899
Author(s):  
Natasa Zenic ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Dora Maric ◽  
Sime Versic ◽  
Hrvoje Vlahovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
Most Probable Explanation

Insufficient physical activity and alcohol consumption (AC) are important health-threatening behaviors in adolescence, but there are controversial findings regarding the association that may exist between AC and physical activity levels (PALs) at this age. This study aimed to prospectively examine the relationship that may exist between AC and PAL in younger adolescence, considering the potential confounding effect of sports participation. The participants (n = 669, 337 females) were adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina who were tested on two occasions, at baseline (14 years of age) and again at follow-up (16 years of age). The variables included AC (as indicated by the AUDIT questionnaire), sports participation, age, gender (predictors), and PAL (obtained by the PAQ-A questionnaire) criterion. The results indicated that PAL at baseline was higher in those adolescents (boys) with a higher AUDIT score, but this association was partially confounded by sports participation. Multinomial regression indicated a higher risk of a decline in PAL over the study course in adolescents with a higher AUDIT score at baseline (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.11–1.54 for being in the high-risk group for a decline in PAL). The most probable explanation is likely found in the high drop-out from sports in the studied period and earlier initiation of AC in adolescents involved in sports. Public health and sports authorities should urgently act preventively and develop educational programs against alcohol drinking in youth athletes.

scholarly journals Results From Kenya’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s2) ◽  
pp. S195-S200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent O. Onywera ◽  
Stella K. Muthuri ◽  
Sylvester Hayker ◽  
Lucy-Joy M. Wachira ◽  
Florence Kyallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Activity Levels

Background:Kenya’s 2016 report card aimed to highlight the health and well-being of Kenyan children and youth using the best available evidence on the physical activity of Kenyan children and youth. The report pointed at areas where Kenya was succeeding and areas where more action is required.Methods:Inclusive analyses of available data sources on the core indicators related to physical activity and body weights of Kenyan children and youth (5 to 17 years) were conducted. These were assigned grades based on a set of specific criteria.Results:Results show that Active Play, Active Transportation, Overweight and Obesity, and Sedentary Behavior were favorable with a grade of B. Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport Participation, and School (infrastructure, policies, and programs) each received a grade of C, while Family and Peers, Government and Nongovernment organizations, as well as the Community and the Built Environment were assigned grade D.Conclusions:Over 72% of Kenyan children and youth use active transportation to and from school and in their daily lives. Although majority of the children and youth have normal body weight, there is need to ensure that they meet and maintain the physical activity levels recommended by the World Health Organization. More needs to be done especially in relation to the governmental and nongovernmental organizations, organized sports participation, as well as involvement of family and peers in promoting healthy active lifestyles among Kenyan children and youth. More representative data for all indicators are required in Kenya.

scholarly journals Association between physical activity levels in mid-life with physical activity in old age: a 20-year tracking study in a prospective cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e017378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Aggio ◽  
Olia Papacosta ◽  
Lucy Lennon ◽  
Peter Whincup ◽  
Goya Wannamethee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Recreational Activity

ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the tracking and predictability of physical activity in old age from overall physical activity and participation in sport, recreational activity and walking in mid-life.DesignProspective population-based cohort study.SettingBritish Regional Heart Study participants recruited from primary care centres in the UK in 1978–1980.Participants and outcome measuresMen (n=3413) self-reported their physical activity at baseline, 12, 16 and 20-year follow-ups and were categorised as inactive or active and having high or low participation in sport, walking and recreational activities. Tracking was assessed using kappa statistics and random effects models. Logistic regression estimated the odds of being active at 20-year follow-up according to physical activity participation in mid-life.ResultsAmong 3413 men (mean age at baseline 48.6±5.4 years) with complete data, tracking of overall physical activity was moderate (kappa: 0.23–0.26). Tracking was higher for sports participation (kappa: 0.35–0.38) compared with recreational activity (kappa: 0.16–0.24) and walking (kappa: 0.11–0.15). Intraclass correlation coefficients demonstrated similar levels of stability and only marginally weakened after controlling for covariates. Compared with inactive men, being active at baseline was associated with greater odds of being active at 20-year follow-up (OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.4 to 3.2) after adjusting for sociodemographic, health and lifestyle variables. Playing sport in mid-life was more strongly associated with being active at 20-year follow-up than other domains, particularly when sport participation began earlier in life.ConclusionBeing physically active in mid-life increases the odds of being active in old age. Promoting physical activity in later life might be best achieved by promoting sport participation earlier in the life course.

scholarly journals Obesity in Young Adulthood: The Role of Physical Activity Level, Musculoskeletal Pain, and Psychological Distress in Adolescence (The HUNT-Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Hjelle Guddal ◽  
Synne Øien Stensland ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Marianne Bakke Johnsen ◽  
Ingrid Heuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Obesity Epidemic

The global obesity epidemic raises long-term health concerns which underline the importance of preventive efforts. We aimed to investigate individual and combined effects of common health problems in adolescence on the probability of obesity in young adulthood. This prospective population-based study included data from participants in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study in Norway (Young-HUNT1 (1995–1997), age 13–19, baseline) who participated in HUNT3 as young adults 11 years later (age 23–31). Exposure variables at baseline included self-reported physical activity, musculoskeletal pain, and psychological distress. We examined associations between exposure variables and the main outcome of obesity in young adulthood (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) using univariate and multiple logistic regression, stratified by sex. Probabilities of obesity for given combinations of the exposure variables were visualized in risk matrixes. The study sample consisted of 1859 participants (43.6% boys). Higher probabilities of obesity in young adulthood were found across combinations of lower physical activity levels and presence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescence. Additional adverse effects of psychological distress were low. Proactive intervention strategies to promote physical activity and facilitate sports participation for all adolescents, whilst addressing musculoskeletal pain and its potential individual causes, could prove helpful to prevent development of obesity in young adulthood.

scholarly journals Motivations and barriers to prosthesis users participation in physical activity, exercise and sport: a review of the literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Deans ◽  
David Burns ◽  
Anthony McGarry ◽  
Kevin Murray ◽  
Nanette Mutrie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Barriers To Participation ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
The Uk

Background: The UK will host the Paralympics in 2012 and the Commonwealth Games in 2014 showcasing the talents of elite athletes and aiming to inspire the population to become involved. However, low levels of physical activity are prevalent: only 40% of men and 28% of women meet the minimum UK physical activity recommendations. The population of people with limb absence is no exception. Objectives: To determine if people with amputation are participating in physical activity and sport; whether post-amputation activity levels match pre-amputation levels; and if there are motivations and barriers to participation. Study Design: Literature review. Methods: Five reviewers systematically searched all peer reviewed and gray literature in seven bibliographic databases and the Cochrane Library. Results: Following rigorous elimination, 12 articles were finally included in the review and critically appraised. Four themes were identified: components; rehabilitation outcomes; body image; and motivations and barriers to participation. Conclusion: People with limb absence are not participating in physical activity conducive to health benefits, and only a minority participate in exercise and sports. Participation following amputation does not mirror that of pre-amputation levels, and more barriers than motivations exist to adopting or maintaining a physically active lifestyle. Clinical relevance This literature review aims to inform those involved in rehabilitation and ongoing care of those with limb absence about what motivates or precludes their participation in physical activity, exercise and sport. Such knowledge could be applied to improving health and wellbeing in this population.

scholarly journals Past-Year Sports Participation, Current Physical Activity, and Fitness in Urban Adolescent Girls

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie A. Phillips ◽  
Deborah Rohm Young
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Target Heart Rate ◽  
Urban Adolescent ◽  
Urban Adolescent Girls ◽  
Fitness Levels

Background:This study examined associations between sports participation, physical activity, fitness level, and body mass index in ninth-grade girls.Methods:Data were analyzed for 221 participants who completed sports participation and physical activity recall questionnaires, an aerobic step test, and height and weight measurement.Results:On average, participants had low physical activity levels, and many were overweight or obese (47%). About half participated in at least one organized sport in the previous year. Sports participants had higher current estimated energy expenditure compared with non-sports participants (P = .0007). Those who participated on at least two teams were more likely to complete the three-stage step test without reaching their target heart rate than those who did not participate on any teams (P < .03). Past sports participation was positively associated with current physical activity and fitness levels.Conclusion:Urban adolescent girls who participate in sports have increased energy expenditure and higher fitness levels, indicating sports as a potential strategy to improve physical activity and health in this population.

scholarly journals HFrEF patient activity levels during COVID-19 lockdown: A comparison between physical activity questionnaires and implantable devices data

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tsarouchas ◽  
C Bakogiannis ◽  
D Mouselimis ◽  
C Lazaridis ◽  
I Kelemanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a major public health crisis of great risk to patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. Heart failure (HF) is a deadly chronic disease, a leading cause of hospitalizations worldwide and a great detriment to patients’ quality of life. HF therapy guidelines suggest prescribing physical activity to improve long-term outcomes. Self- or government- imposed behavioral modifications in response to COVID-19 ranging from avoiding social interactions to outright restrictions of movement (lockdowns) could compromise regular PA in HF patients, who constitute an extremely high-risk group. Purpose Investigate the effect of the national lockdown in Greece 23rd March – 4th May 2020) on the PA levels of patients suffering from HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Methods HFrEF patients with CIEDs were included in the study. Participants answered the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) regarding the period before, during and after the 42-day national lockdown. CIED-derived daily activity levels for the corresponding periods were recorded through CIED telemetry. The differences in PAQ- and CIED-derived PA levels and sedentary time before, during and after the lockdown period were investigated. Results 67 HFrEF patients participated in the study (mean age 69 ± 10.2y, 85% male). Activity levels fell in 55 (82%) of patients. The median PAQ-derived PA level decreased by 28% during lockdown, from 840.5 (944) METmin/week to 602 (1054) METmin/week during the lockdown (p = 0.01). A 53% increase was observed after the lockdown, to 924 (1214) METmin/week (p = 0.004). The CIED-derived activity level was 2.38 (1.3) hours/day pre-lockdown, 1.78 (1.1) hours/day during the lockdown (25% decrease, p &lt; 0.001) and 2.69 (1.5) hours/day post-lockdown (51% increase, p &lt; 0.001). Time spent on sedentary activities also increased to 9 (3) hours per day during the lockdown, up from 6.5 (4) hours before lockdown (p = 0.001). Conclusions All measures examined in this study indicate that the COVID-19 lockdown period was associated with a significant decrease in HFrEF patients’ PA. All efforts must be made on the part of clinicians and public health organizations to promote safe exercise in this subgroup of the population that is particularly vulnerable to the effects of a sedentary lifestyle. Abstract Figure. Patient activity around COVID lockdown

scholarly journals Youth Sports Participation Is More Important among Females than Males for Predicting Physical Activity in Early Adulthood: Iowa Bone Development Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Soyang Kwon ◽  
Elena M. Letuchy ◽  
Steven M. Levy ◽  
Kathleen F. Janz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Development Study

A gender difference in youth sports and physical activity participation is well documented. However, research is limited to understand potential gender difference in the long-term effects of youth sports participation. The study aim was to compare the likelihood of meeting the aerobic Physical Activity Guidelines (PAG) in early adulthood by youth sports participation patterns among females and males. The study sample included 582 Iowa Bone Development Study participants (Iowa, USA). Participation in organized sports was assessed using a physical activity questionnaire 19 times on average between age 6 and 17 years. Accelerometer and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessments were conducted at an average age of 23 years. Group-based trajectory analysis was conducted to identify youth sports participation trajectory patterns. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between youth sports participation patterns and meeting the PAG in adulthood. We identified three youth sports participation patterns: “continuous participation,” “drop-out,” and “no participation.” Females in the continuous participation group were more likely to meet the aerobic PAG at age 23 years, compared to females in the no-participation group (OR = 2.63; 95% CI = 1.05, 6.55) or the drop-out group (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.38, 4.69). However, among males, youth sports participation patterns were not significantly associated with meeting the aerobic PAG at age 23 years. In conclusion, this study suggests that youth sports participation could be more important among females than males for predicting physical activity in early adulthood.

scholarly journals How Adolescent Sports Participation, Family, and School Resources Impact Later-Life Physical Activity Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 503-504
Author(s):  
Thalida Arpawong ◽  
Margaret Gatz ◽  
Tara Gruenewald ◽  
Catalina Zavala ◽  
Dominika Seblova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
School Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Resources ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Pair Correlations ◽  
Family Ses

Abstract Engaging in physical activity (PA) in adulthood has multiple protective health effects in later ages. However, unknown are the extent to which PA habits are laid down earlier in life and persist into adulthood, and the extent to which greater opportunities for PA during adolescence stem from differences in socioeconomic status (SES) which then affect opportunities for PA. We investigated potential mechanisms underlying these relationships using the longitudinal Project Talent Twin and Sibling Study (assessments in 1960 and 2014). With this design, we are able to hold genetics constant by modeling relationships between monozygotic twins (who share 100% of their genes) and therefore isolate effects of contextual factors on later-life PA (mean age ~70). We found that higher family SES (ß=.39, p&lt;.0001) and sports participation in adolescence (ß=.05, p&lt;.0001) predicted PA 55 years later, adjusted for gender and physical limitations. This held true when partialling out genetic variation that could otherwise explain these relationships. More education also predicted later-life PA (ß=.12, p&lt;.0001) separately from family SES and partially mediated the effect of family SES on PA. While school-level resources (e.g., availability of sports and recreation opportunities) did not predict later life PA, they did associate with adolescent sports participation (ß=.26, p=0.007). Overall, later-life physical activity was influenced by earlier life sports participation and education, with family rearing resources being more important than high school resources. As twin pair correlations suggest gender differences, future research will examine whether family or school resources differentially benefit males or females for later-life physical activity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Scholastic Factors on Physical Activity Levels during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Prospective Study on Adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 877
Author(s):  
Damir Sekulic ◽  
Daria Ostojic ◽  
Andrew Decelis ◽  
‪José Castro-Piñero ◽  
Tatjana Jezdimirovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

Scholastic factors (academic achievement) are hypothesized to be important determinants of health-related behaviors in adolescents, but there is a lack of knowledge on their influence on physical activity levels (PAL), especially considering the COVID-19 pandemic and the imposed lockdown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between scholastic factors and PAL before and during the pandemic lockdown. The participants were adolescents form Bosnia and Herzegovina (n = 525, 46% females), who were observed prospectively at the baseline (before the pandemic lockdown) and during the lockdown in 2020 (follow-up). The scholastic factors (grade point average, behavioral grade, school absences, unexcused absences) were evidenced at the baseline (predictors). The outcome (PAL) was evaluated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents at the baseline and the follow-up. Gender, age, parental/familial conflict, and sport participation were observed as confounders. No significant influence of the predictors on PAL were evidenced at the baseline or at the follow-up. The scholastic variables were significantly associated with the changes of PAL which occurred due to pandemic lockdown, with a lower risk for negative changes in PAL among adolescents who were better in school (OR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.34–0.81, and OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.34–0.97, for the grade point average and behavioral grade, respectively). Students who do well in school are probably more aware of the health benefits of proper PAL, and therefore are devoted to the maintenance of their PAL even during the home-confinement of lockdown. Public health authorities should focus more on helping adolescents to understand the importance and benefits of proper PAL throughout the school system.

Sit, step, sweat: longitudinal associations between physical activity patterns, anxiety and depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Hiles ◽  
F. Lamers ◽  
Y. Milaneschi ◽  
B. W. J. H. Penninx
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Lower Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundPhysical inactivity has been identified as a risk factor for depression and, less often, as a long-term consequence of depression. Underexplored is whether similar bi-directional longitudinal relationships are observed for anxiety disorders, particularly in relation to three distinct indicators of activity levels – sports participation, general physical activity and sedentary behavior.MethodParticipants were from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA; N = 2932, 18–65 years old; 57% current anxiety or depressive disorder, 21% remitted disorder, 22% healthy controls). At baseline, 2, 4, and 6 years, participants completed a diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaires assessing psychopathology symptom severity, physical activity indicators, and sociodemographic and health covariates.ResultsConsistently across assessment waves, people with anxiety and/or depressive disorders had lower sports participation and general physical activity compared to healthy controls. Greater anxiety or depressive symptoms were associated with lower activity according to all three indicators. Over time, a diagnosis or greater symptom severity at one assessment was associated with poorer sports participation and general physical activity 2 years later. In the opposite direction, only low sports participation was associated with greater symptom severity and increased odds of disorder onset 2 years later. Stronger effects were observed for chronicity, with lower activity according to all indicators increasing the odds of disorder chronicity after 2 years.ConclusionsOver time, there seems to a mutually reinforcing, bidirectional relationship between psychopathology and lower physical activity, particularly low sports participation. People with anxiety are as adversely affected as those with depression.

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