Placement of Posterior Composite Restorations: A Cross-Sectional Study of Dental Practitioners in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

Dental practitioner-related factors can affect the quality of composite restorations. This study aimed to investigate the clinical techniques used by dental practitioners (DPs) while placing direct posterior composite restorations. Methods: A questionnaire survey that sought information related to the placement of posterior composite restorations was delivered to 161 DPs working in the Al-Kharj area, Saudi Arabia. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test considering the DP’s working sector and the answered questions. Results: A total of 123 DPs completed the survey (76.4% response rate). There was a statistically significant difference between DPs working in the private sector and those working in the governmental sector in 7 out of 17 questionnaire items namely: preparing a minimum depth of 2 mm, (p = 0.001); mechanical means of retention, (p = 0.003); operative field isolation, (p = 0.004); adhesive strategy, (p < 0.001); light-curing unit used, (p = 0.013); the use of radiometer, (p = 0.023), and dental matrix selection, (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The clinical techniques applied by DPs working in the private sector in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia when placing posterior composite restorations, including the specifications of cavity preparation, operative field isolation, and selection of the dental matrix system, may be substandard compared to those applied by DPs working in the governmental sector.

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Knowledge of General Dental Practitioners and Specialists about Emergency Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries in Qassim, Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2020/6059346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sanaa N. Al-Haj Ali ◽

Somaya A. Algarawi ◽

Atheer M. Alrubaian ◽

Asma I. Alasqah

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Emergency Management ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Avulsion Injury ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽

Dental Injuries

Context. Studies about knowledge of emergency management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) which affect children by general dental practitioners (GDPs) and specialists in Saudi Arabia are lacking. Aim. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge level of GDPs and specialists about TDI emergency management and its relation with demographic variables in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods. A random sample of 239 GDPs and specialists was given a two-part questionnaire; the first part included demographic questions and the second part included questions related to knowledge of emergency management of luxation (intrusion and extrusion), complicated crown fracture, and avulsion injuries. Data was statistically analyzed using chi-square and ordinal logistic regression tests. The significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The mean knowledge score was 5.57 for GDPs and 6.69 for specialists (out of 12). A significant difference was observed between both groups in the management of avulsion injury. Three factors significantly improved the dentists’ knowledge: gender (female), practice type (specialist), and previous experience of encountered TDIs (P<0.05). Conclusions. GDPs and specialists in Qassim region had moderate knowledge of emergency management of TDIs. Specialists were significantly more knowledgeable than GDPs in the management of avulsion injury when compared to the rest of the injuries.

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Indirect Restorative Materials and Techniques Selection and Used by General Dentists in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol05-i12/1006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 579-584

Author(s):

Yasmine Tarek ◽

Nawar AlDeghaishem ◽

Raghad AlNassar ◽

Alaa AlKhamsan ◽

Khames T. Alzahrani

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Sample Size ◽

New Technologies ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Dental Practitioners

Introduction: Dentistry is a highly commercialized profession, constantly changing with many new technologies, techniques, and dental materials. Patients suffering from dental decay and missing teeth would like to have their teeth replaced with the most aesthetically appealing and long-lasting material and technique possible and general dental practitioners provide a significant number of indirect restorations and fixed prostheses and the following are the most commonly used categories of indirect restorations in dental practice Inlays, Onlays, Veneers and Single crowns. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the use and selection of dental material used in indirect restorations by general dental practitioners in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study based on a survey, validated questionnaires by Brunton Paul in the United Kingdom. The sample size was estimated using the Qualtrics calculator with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%; a sample size of 226 collected from March 2020 to May. Data was entered on the computer using the “Microsoft Office Excel Software” program (2016) for Mac. Data was transferred to the Statistical Package of Statistical Science Software (SPSS) program, version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) Pearson Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact test we used to statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 226 participants, over half the participants, were females (53.3%). The majority were Saudi nationals (91.2%) and had 1-10 years of practice since graduation (62.2%, n=140). Just under half work in private sector (47.6%) and most of the participants reported material of choice for tooth-colored Inlays and Onlays and a case with anterior veneers is laboratory fabricated porcelain (56.2%) and (45.6%) respectively. The material of choice for core build-ups in vital teeth is a light-cured composite resin in 77.4% of cases and impression materials used are addition-cured silicones in 61.9% of cases. Conclusion: Our community needs more education about oral health and indications of esthetic dental treatments and their side effects. Also, we need to increase patients’ awareness of the importance of proper treatment planning and more conservative treatment options.

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Evaluation of e-health (Seha) application: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making ◽

10.1186/s12911-021-01437-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abeer Alharbi ◽

Joharah Alzuwaed ◽

Hind Qasem

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Health Services ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Technical Problems ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ease Of Access

Abstract Background The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia is expanding the country’s telemedicine services by using advanced technology in health services. In doing so, an e-health application (app), Seha, was introduced in 2018 that allows individuals to have face-to-face visual medical consultations with their doctors on their smartphones. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of the app in improving healthcare delivery by ensuring patient satisfaction with the care given, increasing access to care, and improving efficiency in the healthcare system. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the perceptions of users of the Seha app and non-users who continued with traditional health services. The data were collected using an online survey via Google Forms between June 2020 and September 2020. Independent t tests and chi-square (χ2) tests were conducted to answer the research questions. Results There was a significant difference between users and non-users in terms of ease of access to health services (t = − 9.38, p < 0.05), with app users having a higher mean score (4.19 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.41 ± 1.00); satisfaction with health services (t = − 6.33, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.96 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.94); and efficiency (only one visit needed for treatment) (t = − 3.20, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.71 ± 0.93) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.93). There were significant associations between the use of the Seha app and age (χ2 = 8.79, p < 0.05), gender (χ2 = 22.19, p < 0.05), region (χ2 = 19.74, p < 0.05), and occupation (χ2 = 22.05, p < 0.05). There were significant relationships between the three items (on access, satisfaction, and efficiency) and experiencing technical issues (t = 4.47, t = 8.11, and t = 3.24, respectively, p < 0.05), with users who faced technical problems having significantly lower mean scores for all three items. Conclusion This study provided evidence that the Seha app improved the delivery of healthcare in Saudi Arabia. Users of the app had a better health experience in terms of their perceived ease of access to healthcare services; their satisfaction with healthcare services; and the efficiency of the system, measured by the number of required doctor visits. Other factors that appeared to influence the use of the app included age, gender, usual source of care, and technical difficulties.

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Safety climate and related factors in rehabilitation nurses of hospitals in Iran

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-203368 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Javad vatani ◽

Zahra Khanikosarkhizi ◽

Mohammad Ali Shahabi Rabori ◽

mohammad khandan ◽

Mohsen aminizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Safety Climate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Climate Assessment ◽

Safety Work ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Training Courses ◽

The Individual

BACKGROUND: Safety climate is a common insight of staff that indicates individuals’ attitudes toward safety and priority of safety at work. OBJECTIVES: Nursing is a risky job where paying attention to safety is crucial. The assessment of the safety climate is one of the methods to measure the safety conditions in this occupation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety climate of rehabilitation nurses working in hospitals in Tehran. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out on 140 rehabilitation nurses selected from all hospitals and clinics in Tehran in 2019. To collect the required data, a two-section questionnaire was used. The first section was related to demographic factors and the second part (22 statements) was to measure the safety climate using nurses’ safety climate assessment questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V16 using independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at the 5% level. RESULTS: Findings showed that the total mean of safety climate was 3.06±0.56. According to the results, a significant difference was found between the positive and negative satisfaction of nurses with safety climates (P-value = 0.03), communication with nurses (P-value = 0.01) and supervisors’ attitude (P-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant difference in safety climate between the individual with the second job and the individual without second could be observed (P-value = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the safety climate was not at an acceptable level. Thus, it is essential to introduce safety training courses (e.g. safety, work-rest balance, and so on) and to improve the safety performance at work.

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The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1177/1465312519839713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142

Author(s):

Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽

Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽

Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽

Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽

Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Educational Background ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Maxillary Central Incisor ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

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Phosphatase Regenerating Liver3 and ECadherin Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v4i3.442 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 170-175

Author(s):

Risma Maharani ◽

Syahrul Rauf ◽

Rina Masadah

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Early Stage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Advanced Stage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

E Cadherin

Objective: To determine the expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL-3) and E-Cadherin in the epithelial ovarian cancer on various stages and differentiation grades. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of several teaching hospitals, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin from January to June 2015. The expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 40 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer including 15 patients in early stage and 25 patients in advanced stage. We used the Fisher’s exact test with the significance of p0.05). The significant difference was found in the expression of E-cadherin whereas the high expression was shown at early stage than advanced stage (p0.05). This study also pointed out no correlation between the expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin in epithelial ovarian cancer (p>0.05). Conclusion: PRL-3 overexpression does not decrease E-cadherin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Keywords: E-cadherin, epithelial ovarian cancer, PRL-3

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Dental Implants among Dental Interns in Saudi Arabia – A Cross-Sectional Study

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210602014010440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 440-449

Author(s):

Khaled Alzahrani ◽

Abdulrahman Mohammed Alnafisah ◽

Khalid Gohormallah Alzahrani ◽

Khalid Ghalib Alharbi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Clinical Skills ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Males And Females

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of dental implants among dental interns in Saudi Arabia Materials and Methods: A self-designed, close-ended questionnaire was distributed among 205 interns chosen by stratified random sampling technique. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items pertaining to demographic characteristics, knowledge and practices of dental implants. Responses were coded and entered into spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel 16.0.) and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Version 22.0) and contingency tables and chi-square test (χ2). Results: The majority of the participants were males (64.4%), between 24-26 years of age (64%) and had a GPA between 4-5 (63.4%). The majority of the participants gained knowledge of dental implants through theoretical lectures (98.5%), and most of them (80%) knew, what material, an implant was made up of. Almost all participants (91.7%) knew that dental implants had surface modifications. Most (64.4%) believed that case selection is the most important criteria for the success of dental implant therapy, and this differed significantly among participants with respect to GPA (p=0.03). Many participants (60%) believed that the most important advantage of dental implants over fixed prosthesis is that reduction of adjacent tooth is not needed, and this differed significantly between males and females (p=0.026). There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between males and females when it came to confidence in independently restoring teeth using dental implants. 63% of the participants were confident to use dental implants in their future practice. Conclusion: Knowledge of dental implants among dental interns is satisfactory, but this study reveals that participants lack practical experience and would like to acquire more clinical skills. Limitations: The response rate of participants from each university was low, which made comparisons between different universities difficult because sample size from some universities was very small, which could not produce statistically accurate results.

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Effects of nomophobia on anxiety, stress and depression among Saudi medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.983 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Nusrat Bano ◽

Muhammad Anwar Khan ◽

Uzma Asif ◽

Jennifer de Beer ◽

Hawazen Rawass ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Severe Anxiety ◽

Different Levels

Abstract Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students, and to analyse effects of demographics and nomophobia on depression, anxiety and stress. Method: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from April 1 to May 23, 2019, and comprised male and female medical students aged 19-25 years. Data was collected using a demographic information form, the 21-item depression, anxiety and stress scale and the 20-item nomophobia questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 230 students, 108(47%) were boys and 122 (53%) were girls. The overall mean age was 21.93+1.80 years. Anxiety, depression and stress was reported in 168 (74.6%), 158 (70.2%) and 127 (55.9%) of the students. Extremely severe anxiety, depression and stress were self-reported by 92 (40.9%), 38 (16.8%) and 16 (7.04%) students. There was a significant difference in the distribution of subjects within different levels of anxiety across gender (p<0.05). Higher anxiety and stress scores were observed in 78 (33.9%) students with severe nomophobia. Differences in the levels of anxiety and stress with regards to type of residence and nomophobia levels were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress associated with gender, nomophobia levels and residence type. Key Words: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Medical, Nomophobia.

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Influence of symptoms of depression on the quality of life of men diagnosed with prostate cancer

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562018021.170114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 70-78

Author(s):

Taysi Seemann ◽

Fernanda Pozzobom ◽

Melissa de Carvalho Souza Vieira ◽

Leonessa Boing ◽

Zenite Machado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

European Organization ◽

Exact Test ◽

Symptoms Of Depression

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of symptoms of depression among men diagnosed with prostate cancer and their association with quality of life and treatment-related factors. Methods: a cross-sectional study of 85 men with a mean age of 66±8 years who were diagnosed with prostate cancer was performed. The survey was based on a questionnaire with previously validated instruments which investigated social, demographic and economic characteristics, the history of the disease, quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire C30 - EORTC QLQ-C30 / QLQ-PR25) and symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory). The presence of symptoms of depression was considered an outcome, and statistical analyzes were performed using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U test and Poisson regression (p<0.05). Results: significant results were found for quality of life in relation to symptoms of depression in the functional, global and symptomatic health scale (p<0.001). This demonstrates that the presence of symptoms of depression is related to a negative quality of life. Conclusions: for a greater understanding of prostate cancer and its consequences on the quality of life of patients it is important to consider possible disorders in psychological aspects caused by the illness, as symptoms of depression are frequent in patients undergoing treatment for prostate cancer.

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Prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH defects in Sudanese children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-43683/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanna Elhassan Abdalla ◽

Amal Hussein Abuaffan ◽

Arthur Musakulu Kemoli

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Significant Difference ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Population

Abstract Background: Molar incisos hypomineralization (MIH) has serious impact on oral health-related quality of life for a child, due to its effects on tooth structure, aesthetics and behavior of the child. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH in school children in Sudan.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 568 children, aged 8-11 years from schools in Khartoum State. After collecting their socio-demographic data, the children were examined for hypomineralization on the 12 MIH indexed teeth, and assessed on the MIH pattern and distribution. The data collected were analyzed to obtain descriptive statstics, and the results related to the socio-demographic and other dental-related factors of the children using chi-square test and Spearman Rank Correlation, with the significant level set at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%. Majority of the affected teeth were permanent first molars (PFMs) (12.5%), but there was no statistical significant difference between the occurrence of hypomineralization on mandibular and maxillary molars (p=0.22). However, in the case of incisors, there was a statistical significant difference between the maxillary incisors that had higher hypomineralization rate when related to the mandibular incisors ( p=0.00). In terms of the pattern of hypomineralization, demarcated opacities were the commonest MIH defects (69.9%) in the study group.Conclusions: While the prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%, both molars and incisor teeth were frequently affected in both dental arches, and the demarcated opacity type were the most frequent form of defect found in the teeth of the participants.

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