scholarly journals Stretching and Multicomponent Training to Functional Capacities of Older Women: A Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Andressa Crystine da Silva Sobrinho ◽  
Mariana Luciano de Almeida ◽  
Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo Fenner Bernatti ◽  
Joao Gabriel Ribeiro Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Flexibility Training ◽  
Physical Capacities

Background and Purpose: The real benefits of stretching when used as training for the older adult population and for developing other physical capacities are still uncertain. Thus, the objective of the present work is to investigate the effects of stretching training combined with multi-component training on the physical capacities of physically inactive older women. Methods: Women aged 60 to 70 years were randomized into three groups: multicomponent training (MT), multicomponent training combined with flexibility training (CT), and control group (CG). Both training interventions were carried out for 14 weeks, with two weekly sessions. Participants were assessed for agility, muscle strength (sitting and standing and elbow flexion/extension), and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-min walk). Results and Discussion: Multicomponent training with flexibility presented a very large effect on the variables of strength, agility, and aerobic fitness, while multicomponent training had a medium effect on agility and a large and very large effect on muscle strength variables. This is the first study in the literature to analyze the effect of flexibility training, associated with multicomponent training, on other physical capacities. Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that adding flexibility training to a multicomponent training program generates additional benefits to the development of other physical capacities.

scholarly journals Effect of Flexibility Training Associated with Multicomponent Training on Posture and Quality of Movement in Physically Inactive Older Women: A Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10709
Author(s):  
Andressa Crystine da Silva Sobrinho ◽  
Mariana Luciano de Almeida ◽  
Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Larissa Chacon Finzeto ◽  
Vagner Ramon Rodrigues Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
Flexibility Training ◽  
Physically Inactive

Background: Multicomponent training has considerable adherence among older populations, but there is a lack of literature on the benefits of this training on older people’s posture. Literature also lacks stretching protocols that work the body in an integrated/unified way and respect the principle of individuality in exercise training. We evaluated the effect of a multicomponent training protocol combined or not with flexibility training in improving the posture and quality of movement in physically inactive older women, according to a score lower than 9.11 in the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly (MBQE). Methods: 142 participants were evaluated and randomized in three training groups: multicomponent training (MT = 52), multicomponent and flexibility training (MFT = 43), and a control group (CG = 47). We evaluated joint amplitude using goniometry, flexibility with sit and reach and hands behind the back tests, quality of movement with the functional movement screen, and posture using biophotogammetry. Results: The MFT group had 15 parameters—flexibility and posture—with a very large effect size (ES > 1.30) and nine with average ES (0.50–0.79). MT presented two variables with large ES (0.80–1.25) and seven with average ES. CG presented three variables with high ES and five with average ES. Both interventions improved the quality of movement. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that 14 weeks of multicomponent and flexibility training in a group intervention can improve flexibility and posture levels in physically inactive older women.

scholarly journals O APRIMORAMENTO DAS CAPACIDADES FÍSICAS VELOCIDADE, POTÊNCIA E AGILIDADE ATRAVÉS DO TREINAMENTO DE FLEXIBILIDADE

2019 ◽  
pp. 156-170
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Flexibility Training ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Physical Capacities

The objective of this research was to analyze whether flexibility training can improve agility, speed, and power performance, during physical education classes or not. This is a quantitative, descriptive and field research, with 5th grade students duly enrolled at Prof.ª Hilda Romazini Melo School, União da Vitória- PR, in the year 2018. In order to perform the study, the students were divided into two different samples, sample A for the experimental group, which did flexibility training for 8 weeks, and sample B, control group, both of them did the pre and post test of the physical capacities. In order to collect data, pre and post-tests were performed for each physical capacities analyzed: square agility test, to measure agility, Wells Bank to measure flexibility, 20-meter test to measure speed and Long Jump test to check power. Furthermore, it was observed that the training improved besides the flexibility, the power of the students in 100%. Nevertheless, it was possible to realize that the training helped the students to keep the speed and it is not possible to say whether the training benefits the agility of students or not. Thus, the research leaves the suggestion of giving sequence to its elaboration, since this subject, has extreme relevance and should gain prominence in Physical Education and related areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Moderate Aerobic Training on Physical Capacities of Hypertensive Obese Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233372141985969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Miranda Ramos ◽  
Hélio José Coelho-Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Yukio Asano ◽  
Raul Cosme Ramos Prado ◽  
Rodrigo Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Physical Capacities ◽  
The Impact

The association of old age and chronic conditions, such as hypertension and obesity, can lead to larger decreases in the physical capacities of elderly, compared with their healthy counterparts. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to be efficient in postponing this phenomenon, mainly strength training. However, little is known about the effect of aerobic training on this condition. The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic training on the physical capacities of hypertensive obese older women. Aerobic power, lower limb muscle power, upper limb muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility of 19 hypertensive obese elders were evaluated. Afterward, patients were blindly randomized into control group (CG) and exercise group (EG). EG underwent three sessions/week of 60 min of moderate-intensity aerobic training, during 12 weeks. EG showed increases in VO2max compared with CG ( p = .03) and increases in flexibility compared with basal moment (+21.6%; p = .01) after 12 weeks, whereas CG did not show any significant alterations. Moderate aerobic training is capable of inducing increases in maximal aerobic power and flexibility in hypertensive obese elderly. However, other essential physical capacities associated with independence in elderly people (i.e., muscle power and strength) were not responsive to this kind of protocol.

scholarly journals Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Bilateral Problem?

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 2205-2216
Author(s):  
Koen J F M Dekkers ◽  
Eugene A A Rameckers ◽  
Rob J E M Smeets ◽  
Andrew M Gordon ◽  
Lucianne A W M Speth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Arm Strength

Abstract Objective The objective was to investigate whether muscle strength in the nonaffected and affected upper extremities (UEs) in children (7–12 years) with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) differs from that in children with typical development (TD). Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Isometric arm strength (wrist flexion, wrist extension with flexed and extended fingers, elbow flexion/extension) was assessed in 72 children (mean age = 9.3 [SD = 1.9] years) with USCP, and isometric grip/pinch strength was assessed in 86 children (mean age = 9.3 [SD = 1.8] years) with USCP. Arm/grip/pinch strength was assessed in 120 children (mean age = 9.5 [SD = 1.7] years) with TD. Arm strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer, and grip/pinch strength was measured with a calibrated, modified (digitized) grip dynamometer and a pinch meter. The nonaffected UE of children with USCP was compared with the preferred UE of children with TD because both sides represent the preferred UE. The affected UE was compared with the nonpreferred UE of children with TD, as both sides represent the nonpreferred UE. Results In all measurements except for grip strength of the preferred UE, children with USCP were weaker than children with TD. Conclusions In children with USCP, muscle strength weakness exists in both UEs. Impact When unimanual or bimanual ability limitations are present in children with unilateral cerebral palsy, investigation of the muscle strength of the nonaffected UE should be part of the assessment.

scholarly journals Efeito do método pilates na força dos músculos inspiratórios e expiratórios em idosos

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Mendes Tozim ◽  
Marcelo Tavella Navega
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Expiratory Muscle ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
Cohen's D ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Strength

With aging, the respiratory muscle strength decreases and the pilates method is a technique that uses respiration as one of its principles. The present study has the aim of analyzing the influence of the pilates method on respiratory muscle strength in older women. For the evaluation of respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory), manovacuometer was used. Thirty-one older women were divided into two groups: 14 participated in the pilates group and 17 in the control group. Participants of the pilates group performed 16 sessions of pilates method with an hour of training, twice week for eight weeks. The control group participated in four educational lectures for eight weeks. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA for repeated measures (p <0.05) and Cohen’s D index were performed. The results showed significant difference and the mean effect for the Cohen’s D index expiratory muscle strength of the pilates group when comparing before (69.71 ± 25.48) and after (85.23 ± 22.21) training (p<0.05) with an increase of 23%. The results of inspiratory muscle strength were not significant but presented an average effect for the Cohen’s D index for the pilates group before (69.71 ± 35.46) and after (88.00 ± 34.87) training, with an increase of 27%. The control group did not present significant differences for the variables evaluated. It could be concluded that the pilates method is effective in improving expiratory muscle strength and provides positive effects on the increase in inspiratory muscle strength.

Effects of Resistance Training With Machines and Elastic Tubes on Functional Capacity and Muscle Strength in Community-Living Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marisete P. Safons ◽  
Milene S.N. de Lima ◽  
Karina F.L. Gonçalves ◽  
Gerson A. de Souza Junior ◽  
Tito L.C. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Elastic Tubes ◽  
Machine Group ◽  
Functional Reach Test

The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training with machines and elastic tubes on functional capacity and muscular strength in older women aged 60 years or over. The participants were randomized into two groups: a machine group (n = 23) and an elastic group (n = 20). They performed 12 weeks of progressive resistance training, twice a week, with similar exercises. Outcomes were assessed at three time points: baseline, postintervention, and 8 weeks after the end of the training. A significant intragroup effect was demonstrated for both groups at postintervention on functional tests and muscle strength. For the functional reach test and elbow flexion strength (180°/s), only the machine group demonstrated significant intragroup differences. No differences were observed between groups for any outcome. At the 8-week follow-up, functional capacity outcome values were maintained. The muscle strength outcome values decreased to baseline scores, without differences between groups.

Effects of Self-selected Resistance Training on Physical Fitness and Psychophysiological Responses in Physically Inactive Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 003151252096761
Author(s):  
Hassan Mohamed Elsangedy ◽  
Gledson Tavares Amorim Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado ◽  
Marília Padilha Martins Tavares ◽  
Andressa de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Knee Flexors ◽  
Physically Inactive

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week self-selected resistance training (SSRT) program on physical fitness and psychophysiological responses among physically inactive older women. We randomly allocated 32 inactive older women (M age = 66.0 years, SD = 3.0) into either an SSRT (n = 16) or control group (n = 16). Participants performed SSRT three times per week over 12 weeks. We assessed maximal isotonic and isokinetic muscle strength, functional capacity, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition at baseline and after the intervention. Affective responses and perceived exertion were evaluated after each exercise set throughout the training program. The SSRT group significantly improved their maximal muscle strength in all exercises (Cohen’s d ranging from 1.4-3.3; all p’s < .001), peak torque (knee flexors: d = 1.7; knee extensors: d = 1.6; all p < .001), flexibility (knee flexors: d = 1.7; single hip flexors: d = 1.6; all p < .001; bilateral hip flexors: d = 1.1, p = .001), fat-free mass (d = .9, p = .008), and cardiorespiratory fitness (d = .9, p = .014), compared to the control group. All components of functional capacity improved compared to the control group (Cohen’s d ranging from .8 to 5.5; all p’s ≤ .001). Participants perceived the exercise training sessions as pleasant and of low to moderate effort. Thus, a 12-week SSRT program was effective at improving physical fitness and inducing feelings of pleasure among inactive older women.

Acupuncture Stimulation Improves Balance Function in Stroke Patients: A Single-Blinded Controlled, Randomized Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen-Yung Liu ◽  
Ching-Liang Hsieh ◽  
Ta-Sen Wei ◽  
Peng-Ta Liu ◽  
Yu-Jun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The disturbance of balance function is one of main etiology resulting in falling down in stroke patients. A number of studies report that acupuncture may improve the motor function of stroke patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acupuncture on balance function. We designed a single-blinded, controlled, randomized study. A total of 30 stroke patients were randomized into experimental and control groups. Experimental groups received acupuncture treatment accompanied by the manual twisting of needles and obtaining of qi (the subjects experienced sensations of soreness, numbness, swelling and heaviness, while the acupuncturist experienced a sensation of needle resistance), whereas the control group did not receive manual twisting of needles and without obtaining of qi. All of the subjects were first-time stroke patients; infarction location was limited to either the left or right hemisphere, and all subjects were able to walk for at least 6 meters. Acupuncture stimulation (AS) was applied to Baihui (GV 20) acupoint as well as to 4 spirit acupoints (1.5 cun anterior, posterior, left and right laterals from Baihui acupoint, respectively) for 20 min. Balance function outcome measures were: (1) the displacement area of the patient's center of gravity; (2) the time taken for a patient to stand vertically from a seated position; (3) the time taken for a patient to walk a distance of 6 meters; (4) muscle strength of both lower extremities. Results indicated that the displacement area from the center of gravity decreased in the experimental group, but not in the control group. There was greater reduction in the displacement area in the experimental group than in the control group. Following AS, the time taken to reach a standing position from a seated position, as well as the time taken to walk 6 meters was decreased equally in both the experimental and control groups. The muscle strength of the hip flexor and knee extensor were increased in the paralyzed and non-paralyzed sides of patients in the experimental group, but not in the control group. The results of the present study suggest that acupuncture stimulation may induce an immediate effect that improves balance function in stroke patients.

scholarly journals Effects of resistance training at different intensities of load on cross-education of muscle strength

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyelle Cristina Silva Pelet ◽  
Fábio Lera Orsatti
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Education ◽  
Lower Load ◽  
The Cross

The objectives of this study were 1) to compare the extent of cross-transfer of high- versus low-load unilateral resistance training performed with external pacing of the movement (URTEP) and 2) to compare the time course of the two approaches. Fifty subjects were randomized to one of the following three groups: G80 [two sets at 80% and two sets at 40% of one maximum repetition (1RM), 1 concentric second and 3 eccentric seconds controlled by a metronome]; G40 (four sets at 40% of 1 RM, 1s and 3s controlled by a metronome); or CG (control group). At week 1, the G80 increased the elbow flexion 1RM (P<0.05) in contralateral arm. At week 4, both G80 and G40 increased the elbow flexion 1RM (P<0.05) in contralateral arm. However, a greater 1RM gain was observed in the G80 than in the G40 (P< .05). Thus, although higher-load URTEP seems to enhance the cross-education effect when compared to lower-load URTEP, the cross-education of dynamic strength can be achieved in the two approaches after four weeks. Many patients would benefit from cross-education of muscle strength through URPEP, even who are unable to exercise with high loads and in short periods of immobilization. Novelty bullets: (1) Unilateral resistance training promotes cross-education of dynamic muscle strength. (2) However, higher-load resistance training enhances the effects of cross-education of muscle strength.

Clinical efficacy of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with unoperated open-angle glaucoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
E. N. Simakova ◽  
O. V. Stenkova
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Hypotensive Drug

Introduction. Glaucoma is one of the most significant eye diseases. It is often diagnosed, not always amenable to therapy, and can lead to a complete loss of visual functions. In recent years, the method of osteopathic correction has become widespread as one of the effective methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pathologies of various body systems. In the pathogenesis of glaucoma, it is customary to distinguish a dystrophic concept, which considers primary open-angle glaucoma as a result of dystrophic changes in the connective tissue, as well as in the endothelial lining of the trabeculae and Schlemm′s canal, especially destructive changes in mitochondria and the alteration of their functional activity. A vascular concept is also distinguished. According to this concept, the central link in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is circulatory disorder in the ciliary vessels, ocular artery, and major vessels of the head and neck, it can be assumed that osteopathic correction in the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma will be pathogenetically substantiated and will have a positive effect on intraocular pressure and trophicity of the optic nerve. The goal of research — to study the influence of in osteopathic correction on the nature of unoperated glaucoma (stage IIA) and to substantiate the possibility of using osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with this pathology.Materials and methods. A prospective controlled randomized study was conducted at 52 city polyclinics, branch 3, Moscow, from January 2018 to January 2019. 40 patients (70 eyes) aged 50 to 75 years with primary open-angle glaucoma IIA stage were examined. At this stage of the disease, patients most often seek medical care and the issue of conservative management is primarily considered. All patients were divided into two groups of 20 people: the main group and the control group. The treatment in the main group included hypotensive drug therapy and osteopathic correction. Patients of the control group received only drug therapy. All patients underwent ophthalmic (visometry, tonometry, perimetry) and osteopathic examination twice: before the treatment and after 3 months.Results. For patients with primary open-angle IIA non-operated glaucoma, regional (most often regions of the head, neck, dura mater) and local (abdominal diaphragm, iliac bones, hip and knee joints) somatic dysfunctions were the most typical. In the main group a statistically significant decrease in the frequency and severity of dysfunctions at all levels was stated. Also, in patients receiving osteopathic correction, a significant decrease in the level of intraocular pressure and perimetric indices was noted. In patients of the control group, no reliable changes in these indicators were obtained.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that osteopathic correction is clinically effective in the complex treatment of patients with primary open-angle II A glaucoma.

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