scholarly journals Differencing the Risk of Reiterative Spatial Incidence of COVID-19 Using Space–Time 3D Bins of Geocoded Daily Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Olga De Cos ◽  
Valentín Castillo ◽  
David Cantarero
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Information System ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time Behaviour ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
3D Space ◽  
The Difference

The space–time behaviour of COVID-19 needs to be analysed from microdata to understand the spread of the virus. Hence, 3D space–time bins and analysis of associated emerging hotspots are useful methods for revealing the areas most at risk from the pandemic. To implement these methods, we have developed the SITAR Fast Action Territorial Information System using ESRI technologies. We first modelled emerging hotspots of COVID-19 geocoded cases for the region of Cantabria (Spain), then tested the predictive potential of the method with the accumulated cases for two months ahead. The results reveal the difference in risk associated with areas with COVID-19 cases. The study not only distinguishes whether a bin is statistically significant, but also identifies temporal trends: a reiterative pattern is detected in 58.31% of statistically significant bins (most with oscillating behaviour over the period). In the testing method phase, with positive cases for two months ahead, we found that only 7.37% of cases were located outside the initial 3D bins. Furthermore, 83.02% of new cases were in statistically significant previous emerging hotspots. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show the usefulness of the 3D bins and GIS emerging hotspots model of COVID-19 microdata in revealing strategic patterns of the pandemic for geoprevention plans.

scholarly journals Scalable Analysis of COVID-19 Spatiotemporal Patterns Based on Data Mining Tools: Using 3D Bins to Predict Short-time Focus Locations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga de Cos ◽  
Valentín Castillo ◽  
David Cantarero
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Mining Tools

Abstract Background: An interesting research line is related to COVID-19 behavior from a territorial and temporal perspective. Hence, the use of 3D space-time bins is a useful tool to contrast limitations of visual assessment and reveal the detailed areas most at risk for the pandemic or even more the emergency hotspots can be useful to not only study but also predict spatial pattern of the COVID-19 at an intra-urban scale.Methods: We developed the SITAR Fast Action Territorial Information System using ESRI Technologies Ecosystem. More specifically, we used ArcGIS Pro (desktop) and ArcGIS Online (cloud). Therefore, our general research methodology is based on Geographic Information Technologies from a multiscalar perspective and based on detailed entities (geocoded COVID-19 cases for the region of Cantabria, Spain). The main research method is related to data mining tools using 3D bins and analysing emerging hotspots.Results: The spatial autocorrelation analysis of the COVID-19 reveals that the distribution of the cases is not random. Otherwise, the Moran´s Index confirms that the spatial pattern of COVID-19 cases is statistically significative, and it presents a clustered distribution. And in the cases of elderly homes, COVID-19 outbreaks and spatial focus are linked while in the rest of the cases there is not this spatial association. The analysis of 3D bins and emerging hotspots is revealing from the point of view of geoprevention in that it significantly limits the territory on which it would be important to focus the analysis. In fact, of the 1,414 starting cubes, focusing on the 602 remaining cubes (with statistical significance), all correspond to a hotspot pattern.Conclusions: Our results evidence the existence of significant space-temporal trends that it can serve as support of emerging hotspots of COVID-19 that it can be used as a prelude to what will happen in the next future. To our knowledge, this is the first study for Spain that demonstrates the interest of the 3D space-time cubes method to engage the prevention measures proposed by policy makers with a scalar perspective. 3D bins can therefore be used as a proxy to assess the spatiotemporal patterns in public health studies.

scholarly journals Geographical information system and spatial–temporal statistics for monitoring infectious agents in hospital: a model using Klebsiella pneumoniae complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Pinho da Silva ◽  
Fabiola A. da Silva ◽  
Caio Augusto Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo Passos Souza ◽  
Elisangela Martins de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Temporal Statistics

Abstract Background The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance and infectious agents have challenged hospitals in recent decades. Our aim was to investigate the circulation of target infectious agents using Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial–temporal statistics to improve surveillance and control of healthcare-associated infection and of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), using Klebsiella pneumoniae complex as a model. Methods A retrospective study carried out in a 450-bed federal, tertiary hospital, located in Rio de Janeiro. All isolates of K. pneumoniae complex from clinical and surveillance cultures of hospitalized patients between 2014 and 2016, identified by the use of Vitek-2 system (BioMérieux), were extracted from the hospital's microbiology laboratory database. A basic scaled map of the hospital’s physical structure was created in AutoCAD and converted to QGis software (version 2.18). Thereafter, bacteria according to resistance profiles and patients with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKp) complex were georeferenced by intensive and nonintensive care wards. Space–time permutation probability scan tests were used for cluster signals detection. Results Of the total 759 studied isolates, a significant increase in the resistance profile of K. pneumoniae complex was detected during the studied years. We also identified two space–time clusters affecting adult and paediatric patients harbouring CRKp complex on different floors, unnoticed by regular antimicrobial resistance surveillance. Conclusions In-hospital GIS with space–time statistical analysis can be applied in hospitals. This spatial methodology has the potential to expand and facilitate early detection of hospital outbreaks and may become a new tool in combating AMR or hospital-acquired infection.

scholarly journals Value-at-risk modeling and forecasting with range-based volatility models: empirical evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (75) ◽  
pp. 361-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro dos Santos Maciel ◽  
Rosangela Ballini
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Value At Risk ◽  
Garch Models ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Volatility Models ◽  
Modeling And Forecasting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Market Indexes

ABSTRACT This article considers range-based volatility modeling for identifying and forecasting conditional volatility models based on returns. It suggests the inclusion of range measuring, defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum price of an asset within a time interval, as an exogenous variable in generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. The motivation is evaluating whether range provides additional information to the volatility process (intraday variability) and improves forecasting, when compared to GARCH-type approaches and the conditional autoregressive range (CARR) model. The empirical analysis uses data from the main stock market indexes for the U.S. and Brazilian economies, i.e. S&P 500 and IBOVESPA, respectively, within the period from January 2004 to December 2014. Performance is compared in terms of accuracy, by means of value-at-risk (VaR) modeling and forecasting. The out-of-sample results indicate that range-based volatility models provide more accurate VaR forecasts than GARCH models.

scholarly journals Implementasi Costumer Relationship Management (CRM) Pada Sistem Informasi Penjualan Ban Di Toko Lingga Ban Berbasis Web

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ipan Supandi ◽  
Fahmi Yusuf ◽  
Fauziah F
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Programming Technique ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
White Box Testing

The store Lingga Tires is a trademark unit engaged in the sale of the tires. The store Lingga Tires only rely on the conventional sales namely the subscriber must come into the store and doing transaction at the store. This makes the customer became less know the products in the market and the existing promotion. The store Lingga Tires want to provide a satisfactory services with want to deliver innovation and convenience for customers. To store the Lingga Tires need a means to support the sales transaction and media promotions effective means of implementing the method Customer Relationship Management (CRM) web-based. CRM is one of the means to build a good relationship with customers and to acquire new customers. Web-based Sales information system is built by the method of software development waterfall , the language of PHP programming technique, MySQL database as data storage and testing method using the black box & white box testing this system can be used by the administrator, customers and direction. The administrator is the person who manages the whole system. Customers can make your reservation, payment confirmation and have points shopping. The direction of instructions view report, this system is expected to be a solution to overcome the problems and to be able to increase sales in the Store Lingga Tires.Key Words: Information System,Sale,CRM, Web, Store Lingga Tires

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI UNTUK MEMFASILITASI PROSES ADOPSI ANJING BERBASIS WEB

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amelinda Chendra ◽  
Kristina G. Simanjuntak ◽  
Andree E. Widjaja ◽  
Suryasari Suryasari
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Development Method ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Rapid Application Development ◽  
Integrated Information System ◽  
Black Box Testing

Nowadays, the application of information systems can be applied in many fields, one of which is to support the process of adopting dog as a pet. The purpose of this research therefore is to develop an integrated information system that can be used to facilitate the process of adopting dogs. The developed information system which is web-based has several main functions, such as searching for dogs, managing adoption requests, monitoring dogs that have been adopted, and periodically managing user reports. The proposed system was developed using Rapid Application Development method, PHP programming language, Code Igniter frameworks, and MySQL database. Meanwhile, the system was tested using the black box testing method.

scholarly journals SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMBAYARAN BEASISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEIGHTED PRODUCT (WP)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evasaria M Sipayung ◽  
Yosi Yonata ◽  
Chrevita J Rende
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Information System ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Product Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Anak Pelangi Indonesia (API) Foundation is a non-profit foundation that offers scholarship programs for elementary, middle and high school students. This institute is supported by donaturs who give contribution to the Foundation. The donation is processed to be a cost that is used to pay Sumbangan Pembinaan Pendidikan (SPP) or Education Development Donation of each student. Currently, the provision of monthly donor fund is at uncertain amount so that the Foundation needs to determine the students of whom SPP will be firstly paid. However, the funding needs of each student are different due to the different amount of SPP and a giving fine from the school for the tardiness in paying the tuition. From these matters, the Foundation finds it difficult in deciding which students whose the tuition will be paid first. The solution to this problem is to use the four criteria referring to the tuition payment, namely the difference of pay date, fine, rank, and the amount of payment. The four criteria is then given the same integrity which is 25% for each criteria and counted by using Weighted Product (WP) method. The result of this research is an information system to the selection of scholarship payment using Weight Product method that takes the biggest value from the calculation result as a reference in deciding which students of whom SPP will be initially paid in accordance with the current fund condition.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografi (Gis) untuk Pemetaan dan Simulasi Erosi Tanah

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Mujiyo Mujiyo ◽  
Sumani Sumani ◽  
Joko Winarno
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Arcview Gis ◽  
Method R ◽  
Erosion Intensity

<p>The aims of the research are to use the technology of the geographic information system for mapping and simulation of the soil erosion, and to know the difference betweet actual and potential erosion on the spesific land use type. The area of the research is Jumapolo District, Karanganyar Regency. USLE equation method (R=R.K.L.S.C.P) was used to predict the soil erosion intensity. The steps of the research are (1) pre-survey, prepared equipments for suvey, (2) survey, was done by exploring predertemined land map unit, and (3) labs, analysis of the soil samples, the rainfall data and teh ArcView GIS. Analysis was done using rating based on Zachar (1982) in order to know the difference of the soil erosion intensity.</p>The results of the research are <em>first, </em>geographic information system is useful to mapping and simulation of the soil erosion, especially to calculate data that numerous and difficult, to overlay, to layout the map (or the other spasial data) and the statistic of land area, <em>second, </em>Jumapolo District has variability of the soil erosion intensity i.e. very slight 25,77 ha (0,62% of the agriculture land area), slight 815,71 ha (20,39%), moderate 1.094,69 ha (25,49%), severe 1.150,58 ha (33,09%), very severe 827,25 ha (18,88%) and catastrophic 243,69 ha (1,53%) and <em>third, </em>the change of the land unit type and the conservation technic can change the soil erosio  intensity. Simulation process result that land area which have soil erosion intensity severe, very severe and catastrophic changes become slight and moderate, therefore the new compotitions of the soil erosion intensity are very slight 25,77 ha (0,62%), slight 1.665,48 ha (40,06%), moderate 2.466,43 ha (59,32%), and each severe, very severe and catastrophic 0 ha (0%).

Study on Tensile Property and Strain Ageing Behavior of X100 Linepipe

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Shaotao Gong ◽  
Lingkang Ji ◽  
Chunyong Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Curve ◽  
Tensile Specimen ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Stress Strain Curve ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Tension Tests ◽  
Tension Properties ◽  
The Difference

A series research programs and industrial trials of X100 linepipe have been launched by CNPC so as to build an X100 trial in China for long-distance gas pipeline in the coming years. In present paper, tests have been conducted on 20.6mm×1016mm diameter Grade X100 linepipe. The microstructures, tension properties will be presented. In order to investigate the influence of anti-corrosion coating process on the performance of pipe, strain aging tests in lab have been carried out as well. It is found that testing method, tensile specimen size and sampling location had a noticeable effect on the testing results. The difference is also observed between the flattened strap specimen and round bar. The influence of time, temperature and pre-strain amount of aging tests on the shape of S-S (stress-strain) curve, tension tests results, yield ratio of pipes are presented as well.

Differences Between APOE Carriers and Non-APOE Carriers on Neurocognitive Tests: Jensen Effects?

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan te Nijenhuis ◽  
Kyu Yeong Choi ◽  
Yu Yong Choi ◽  
Jang Jae Lee ◽  
Eun Hyun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Neurocognitive Tests ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
The Difference

Background: Being a carrier of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a clear risk factor for development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). On some neurocognitive tests, there are smaller differences between carriers and noncarriers, while other tests show larger differences. Aims: We explore whether the size of the difference between carriers and noncarriers is a function of how well the tests measure general intelligence, so whether there are Jensen effects. Methods: We used the method of correlated vectors on 441 Korean older adults at risk for AD and 44 with AD. Results: Correlations between APOE carriership and test scores ranged from −.05 to .11 (normal), and −.23 to .54 (AD). The differences between carriers and noncarriers were Jensen effects: r = .31 and r = .54, respectively. Conclusion: A composite neurocognitive score may show a clearer contrast between APOE carriers and noncarriers than a large number of scores of single neurocognitive tests.

1. How can we know if someone is a psychopath or is at risk of becoming one?

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
Essi Viding
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
The Difference

What are individuals with psychopathy like and what are their defining features? ‘How can we know if someone is a psychopath or is at risk of becoming one?’ considers two case studies to give an idea of the developmental course of criminal psychopathy and what psychopathic personality traits look like. It discusses the Psychopathy Checklist, developed by Robert Hare in the 1980s, and explains the difference between antisocial personality disorder, sociopathy, and psychopathy. Research has shown that whether we look at criminal psychopaths, individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits in the general population, or children who are at risk of developing psychopathy, similar patterns of brain function and information processing are seen.

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