scholarly journals Aquaporins Alteration Profiles Revealed Different Actions of Senna, Sennosides, and Sennoside A in Diarrhea-Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Cao ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Cong Wei ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Lejing Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Organ Index ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Scientific Justification ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Effective Laxative

Senna and its main components sennosides are well-known effective laxative drugs and are used in the treatment of intestinal constipation in the world. Their potential side effects have attracted more attention in clinics but have little scientific justification. In this study, senna extract (SE), sennosides (SS), and sennoside A (SA) were prepared and used to generate diarrhea rats. The diarrhea rats were investigated with behaviors, clinical signs, organ index, pathological examination, and gene expression on multiple aquaporins (Aqps) including Aqp1, Aqp2, Aqp3, Aqp4, Aqp5, Aqp6, Aqp7, Aqp8, Aqp9, and Aqp11. Using qRT-PCR, the Aqp expression profiles were constructed for six organs including colon, kidney, liver, spleen, lung, and stomach. The Aqp alteration profiles were characterized and was performed with Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The SE treatments on the rats resulted in a significant body weight loss (p < 0.001), significant increases (p < 0.001) on the kidney index (27.72%) and liver index (42.55%), and distinguished changes with up-regulation on Aqps expressions in the kidneys and livers. The SS treatments showed prominent laxative actions and down regulation on Aqps expression in the colons. The study results indicated that the SE had more influence/toxicity on the kidneys and livers. The SS showed more powerful actions on the colons. We suggest that the caution should be particularly exercised in the patients with kidney and liver diseases when chronic using senna-based products.

Modern approaches to the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age

2016 ◽  
pp. 191-108
Author(s):  
A.A. Sukhanova ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Melnik ◽  
O.O. Karlova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of the study: to study the efficacy and safety of use Mastofemin in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women of reproductive age (mean age of 33.5±2.3 years) who were screened in the Kiev city center reproductive and perinatal medicine. Women were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group consisted of 32 patients who received the proposed treatment using herbal remedies Mastofemin 1 capsule 2 times per day for 3 months; 30 patients of the second (control) group were under observation and received no treatment. These groups were representative and homogeneous on age, clinical symptoms and sonographic characteristics. The clinical method included evaluation of complaints of patients, anamnesis, presence of concomitant gynecologic pathology, inspection, palpation of the lymph nodes and the breast and obtaining a discharge from the nipples to conduct cytological examination, which allowed excluding from the study women with suspected malignancy of the process. All the patients were performed ultrasound examination of the breast. The review was supplemented with vaginal gynecological examination and ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs to assess the condition of the uterus and its appendages, the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. Results. Summarizing obtained in this study results one should stress the positive long-term effect of applying Mastofemin for the treatment of proliferative changes of the breast in women of reproductive age. This is manifested by a decrease in the intensity of clinical signs of mastitis, consistent with the results of sonographic control. Established positive dynamics in the treatment of cystic mastitis, dectective and when combined cystic mastopathy with dectective. In the control group of patients for a given observation period (6 months) no significant changes in clinical signs of mastitis and sonographic characteristics. Regression of disease has not occurred in any of the patients, in 2 patients increased sensitivity of the breast after 6 months moved to the soreness. Sonographic characteristics of mastitis during the observation period did not change. Thus, the use of Mastofemin aimed at pathogenetic treatment of mastitis and prevention of breast cancer. Conclusion. Application of Mastofemin during the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age significantly improves the clinical condition of patients; reduce the subjective and objective symptoms of the disease. The positive effect of the treatment with Mastofemin proved in the case of the treatment of sonographic following forms of mastitis: cystic mastopathy, cystic mastopathy with dectectasy. Mastofemin may be the drug of choice for complex conservative monotherapy in women of reproductive age with proliferative changes in the breast, and can also be used as part of complex treatment in patients with diffuse changes of the breast when combined with hyperplastic processes of the myometrium and endometrium. Keywords: mastopathy, breast gland, herbal medicine, herbal remedies, Mastofemin.

Comparison of immunohistochemical profiles of ovarian germ cells in dysgerminomas of a captive maned wolf and domestic dogs

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110199
Author(s):  
Rafael B. Rosa ◽  
Matheus V. Bianchi ◽  
Paula R. Ribeiro ◽  
Fernando F. Argenta ◽  
Andréia Vielmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Placental Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Cytoplasmic Expression ◽  
Maned Wolf

We characterized the immunohistochemical expression profiles of dysgerminomas from a 16-y-old maned wolf and 13 domestic dogs using the following biomarkers: Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4), octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4), placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), c-kit, and vimentin. The maned wolf had nonspecific and long-standing clinical signs of lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss, and was euthanized because of poor prognosis. At autopsy, the left ovary was effaced by a 12 × 8 × 6 cm mass, comprised of anaplastic cells with a mitotic count of 20 mitoses in 10 high power fields. Dysgerminomas from 7 of 13 domestic dogs had nuclear expression of SALL4. Dysgerminomas from the maned wolf and 2 domestic dogs had both nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of SALL4. Cytoplasmic expression of PLAP and OCT3/4 was present in dysgerminomas from the maned wolf and 3 (PLAP) or 4 (OCT3/4) domestic dogs. All dysgerminomas expressed vimentin. Membranous c-kit expression was rare in the dysgerminoma from the maned wolf, and variable in dysgerminomas from 4 domestic dogs. A dysgerminoma from a domestic dog had cytoplasmic expression of c-kit. SALL4 is a useful marker to confirm germ cell origin of dysgerminoma in canids.

REPRESENTATION OF POTENTIAL EMPLOYEES ABOUT A MEDICAL ORGANIZATION AS AN ATTRACTIVE EMPLOYER

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
A. V. Pesha ◽  
◽  
A. V. Litun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Employer Brand ◽  
Main Components

In the context of the worldwide acute shortage of qualified personnel in healthcare organizations, one of the most relevant tools for attracting talented doctors to work is an employer brand. The authors analyzed the views of potential job seekers of a medical organization about an attractive, “ideal” employer. Basic research methods are a content analysis of scientific works and an online survey. Based on the content analysis of publications of two abstract databases – eLIBRARY and Web of Science, the work presents the dynamics of the authors’ activity over the past five years, the key focus of the work, and the representation of an employer brand in medical organizations. The analysis reveals that among the abundance and against the background of positive trends in the number of works, only four papers on the employer brand deals with the study of the context in health care organizations, which does not allow judging the disclosure of this topic and offers opportunities for further scientific research. The authors identified the main components of the concept of an employer brand followed by the world scientific community – the presence of a positive image; the set of benefits associated with working in a particular company; and a holistic employer image. These elements formed the basis of the survey. One hundred twenty-nine respondents took part in the empirical part of the study. The study results reflect key factors of the attractiveness of a medical organization as an employer – reputation, personnel care, the existence of a strong leader, competitive salary, possibility of development, and human relations. The paper presents the ideal employer characteristics, according to the respondents, stated in the authors’ concept.

122 Bioactive Peptides for Enhancing Intestine Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 65-65
Author(s):  
Julang Li ◽  
Nadeem Akhtar ◽  
Celina Osakowicz ◽  
Lauren Fletcher ◽  
Karmin O ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Animal Trials

Abstract Intestinal disorders and colitis affect both animals and humans. The pathogenesis behind the inflammation is complex and not entirely understood. Furthermore, the significant rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has emphasized an urgent need for alternative anti-infective therapies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is one of the appealing alternative to antibiotics due to their antimicrobial activity, mode of actions, and potential role in tissue repair. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in intestinal proliferation and differentiation and thus promotes intestinal development. Using food grade microorganisms such as Lactococcus lactis and yeast as hosts, our laboratory has produced recombinant porcine protegrin-1 (PG-1), a pig originated antimicrobial peptide and EGF via fermentation. Oral administration of PG-1 reduced Citrobacter rodentium induced intestinal infection in mice. This was evidenced by reduced histopathological changes in the colon, prevention of body weight loss, milder clinical signs of disease, and ultimately more effective clearance of bacterial infection. On the other hand, animal trials using the recombinant EGF demonstrated that it enhances intestinal development and growth of early weaned pig fed with antibiotic-free diet. Moreover, piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherchia coli (E. coli) K88 showed similar beneficial responses to EGF as those fed diets with antibiotic in terms of improving gain to feed ratio and lowering oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest the potential for cost-effective production and application of recombinant bioactive proteins as alternatives to antibiotics in animal health and production.

scholarly journals Anterior cruciate ligament ganglion: case report

2002 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pedrinelli ◽  
Fábio Bonini Castellana ◽  
Ricardo Bragança de Vasconcellos Fontes ◽  
Rafael Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Luiz Álvaro de Menezes F°.
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

CONTEXT: A ganglion is a cystic formation close to joints or tendinous sheaths, frequently found in the wrist, foot or knee. Intra-articular ganglia of the knee are rare, and most of them are located in the anterior cruciate ligament. The clinical picture for these ganglia comprises pain and movement restrictions in the knee, causing significant impairment to the patient. Symptoms are non-specific, and anterior cruciate ligament ganglia are usually diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging or arthroscopy. Not all ganglia diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging need to undergo surgical treatment: only those that cause clinical signs and symptoms do. Surgical results are considered good or excellent in the vast majority of cases. CASE REPORT: A 29-year-old male presented with pain in the left knee during a marathon race. Physical examination revealed limitation in the maximum range of knee extension and pain in the posterior aspect of the left knee. Radiographs of the left knee were normal, but magnetic resonance imaging revealed a multi-lobed cystic structure adjacent to the anterior cruciate ligament, which resembled a ganglion cyst. The mass was removed through arthroscopy, and pathological examination revealed a synovial cyst. Patient recovery was excellent, and he resumed his usual training routine five months later.

scholarly journals Equine enterolithiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
N. DIAKAKIS (Ν.ΔΙΑΚΑΚΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Abdominal Radiography ◽  
South West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Components

Enterolithiasis is characterized by the presence of enteroliths in the large colon of horses with the ascending colon being the most common site of obstruction. Enteroliths are composed of ammonium magnesium phosphate, which is supplied both by the digestive processes intestinal bacteria and by feeds. The enteroliths typically form around a central nidus. Although enterolithiasis is seen all over the world, the most cases are reported from North America, and more specifically, California, South West Indiana and Florida. As far as breed is concerned, it affects predominantly Arab horses and rarely Quarter and Thoroughbreds. As far as age is concerned, it is usually seen in middle-aged horses. Although the pathogenesis of enterolithiasis is not fully understood, nutrition and heritability are believed to be a part in it. A rich diet in ammonium, magnesium and phosphorus predisposes to enterolith formation, as those elements are the main components of enteroliths. Clinical signs vary considerably and are rarely characteristic of the disease. Usually, the presence of the enterolith is free of symptoms unless it leads to obstruction. In most cases of enterolithiasis a small amount of faeces, air and the administered mineral oil could pass from the obstruction site. On the contrary, in complete obstructions the passage is closed, defecation is absent and no laxative can pass the obstruction site. The enterolith is rarely found by rectal examination. A history of recurrent colic might be connected to the presence of enteroliths that cause partial or temporary obstruction. The most accurate method for diagnosing enterolithiasis is abdominal radiography. The treatment of choice is the surgical removal of enteroliths, which has a favorable prognosis provided that the laparotomy is going to take place early in course of the disease, before the onset of peritonitis. Intestinal rupture, which rapidly leads to peritonitis, is the gravest and commonest complication. Other complications are colitis, leakage through the laparotomy site and peritonitis. In order to prevent reformation of enteroliths, the daily consumption of alfalfa hay has to be reduced dramatically and poor quality hay has to be administered.

scholarly journals Suspected alimentary poisoning by aluminium phosphide in horses – a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Zuzana Široká ◽  
Radek Melka ◽  
Alena Honzlová ◽  
Radka Dobšíková ◽  
Zdeňka Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Positive Finding ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Aluminium Concentration ◽  
Aluminium Phosphide ◽  
Horse Owner ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
High Aluminium

In November 2018, a horse owner from the Czech Republic experienced the loss of two of his stallions in consequence of probable poisoning. The affected animals were kept in the stable only. The mares, which were grazing on pasture during the day, were not affected. All the animals were fed the same type of feed. The day before the animals became sick, between 15:00 to 19:00 h the stable was not secured against the entry of strangers. When the mares were brought back to the stable and all animals were closed and locked for the night, no signs of health issues were observed. In the following morning, the two stallions were found in lateral recumbency with seizure attacks. Despite symptomatic treatment (infusion with saline, flunixine meglumine, activated charcoal) and applications of myorelaxants, the symptoms persisted until the afternoon, and the owner agreed with euthanasia. Based on the clinical signs and pathological examination, poisoning by pesticides was suspected. The results of toxicological analyses revealed that carbofuran, metaldehyde, and strychnine were not responsible for the poisoning as they were not detected in the samples. The only positive finding was a high aluminium concentration in the stomach content, liver and kidney samples. Based on the observed symptoms and the high aluminium concentration, it was presumed that aluminium phosphide could be the source of poisoning. As there was no evidence of the possession of such product by the horse breeder and the stable stayed unsupervised for a few hours, intentional poisoning cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gram negative bacteria in infected burn wounds and antibiotic susceptibility pattern; a study conducted on stable burn patients reporting to out-patient department.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1376-1380
Author(s):  
Saeeda Nabat ul Hassan ◽  
Khushbu Farva ◽  
Ghulam Asghar Bhutta
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patient Department

Objective: To study prevalence of various gram negative bacteria in infected burn wounds among stable burn patients reporting to out-patient department on follow-ups. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Sahara Medical College Narowal. Period: January to June 2020. Material & Methods: Patients with burn wounds with clinical signs and symptoms of infection but vitally stable, wound less than one month old involving < 20% body surface, reporting to out-patient door of study institution on follow-ups were enrolled into the study. Swabs of infected wounds were taken and sent for bacterial culture and sensitivity to the pathology department of the institution, where micro flora were isolated and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using standard techniques. Consent was taken from patients before including them in study. Results: Total 210 cases were studied. Gram negative bacteria were isolated from 190 cases, out of them 30% were oxidase positive ad 70% were oxidase negative. Most common organism isolated was Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (30%), followed by Proteus Sps. (25.3%) and Entero bacter Sps. (15.8%) etc. Conclusion: Among gram negative bacteria pseudomonas is a major isolated organism from infected burn wounds having high susceptibility to imipenem and cefepime.

Topical Ethanol Therapy for Human Papillomavirus in Atheroma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuo Murata ◽  
Kazutaka Tokita ◽  
Shigeyuki Tsurusaki ◽  
Hidetaka Murata
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Open Drainage ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Study Results

We have developed ethanol therapy for infectious atheroma based on the experience of two cases in which ethanol was injected into the liver cyst and the cyst shrank. For 64 infectious atheromas, atheroma contents were excreted and the cyst wall was contacted with 76% ethanol gauze for 5 minutes. Postoperatively, the cyst was washed daily as an open drainage. All cases were cured 10 days postoperatively, and no side effects. Postoperative follow up study results in 36 cases showed no recurrence in an average of 5 years. Pathological examination revealed koilocytosis in 14 of 25 cases (56%), which is considered to be an in direct finding of viral infection. The changes in human papillomavirus (HPV 16) before and after ethanol therapy in 25 cases using the Bi Digital O Ring Test (BDORT) decreased significantly from 10 26 ng (BDORT units) preoperatively to 1.6 ng (BDORT units) postoperatively. In also 12 cases follow up study without microscopy HPV 16 same decreased from 1064ng to 1.2 ng (BDORT unit) using BDORT with atheroma photographs. In total, HPV 16 could be demonstrated in 37 of 64 cases (57.8%) using BDOR T. Temporal changes of HPV 16 used for BDORT in 7 cases after contact with ethanol were inactivated after 3 minutes 30 seconds. The involvement of HPV 16 is suggested as the cause of atheroma. It is speculated that ethanol inactivated HPV 16 of atheroma, which stopped the turnover of the squamous epithelium and prevented recurrence. Ethanol therapy for infectious atheroma is useful as an original new one stage surgery because it is a simple procedure and has no side effects or recurrence.

Tarczyca bocznokwiatowa (Scutellaria lateriflora) – znaczenie w medycynie tradycyjnej i pozycja we współczesnej fitoterapii

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Kwiecień ◽  
Beata Kawka ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
North American ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides ◽  
Scutellaria Lateriflora ◽  
Sedative Action ◽  
Main Components

American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.) has long been used as a medicine by North American Indian tribes. A monograph of Scutellariae lateriflorae herba was included in the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia in 2009. This raw material is very popular in North America because of its sedative action. It is also highly valued in Australia, while in Europe, it has been widely used until now in the United Kingdom. The main components of the herb of this plant species include flavonoids specific for the Scutellaria genus, mostly baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, scutellarin. They are accompanied by other groups of compounds: diterpenoids – neoclerodan derivatives, γ-aminobutyric acid, melatonin, serotonin, catalpol, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoid glycosides (mostly verbascoside) and essential oil. Studies of chemical composition and investigation of medicinal activity of this raw material confirmed its uses known from North American folk medicine. Study results proved most of all a significance of flavonoid compounds present in the raw material for its documented biological activity. The aim of the paper is to review the present knowledge on chemical composition and medicinal significance of this very valuable plant. The research team from the Department of Pharmaceutical Botany JU MC initiated biotechnological studies of this species. Its microshoots successfully grown in vitro produce considerable amounts of specific flavonoids (mostly baicalin and wogonoside) and verbascoside, and in future they can be an alternative rich source of these compounds for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

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