scholarly journals Contrasting Rootstock-Mediated Growth and Yield Responses in Salinized Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Are Associated with Changes in the Hormonal Balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3297
Author(s):  
Amparo Gálvez ◽  
Alfonso Albacete ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Andújar ◽  
Francisco M. del Amor ◽  
Josefa López-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Pepper Plants

Salinity provokes an imbalance of vegetative to generative growth, thus impairing crop productivity. Unlike breeding strategies, grafting is a direct and quick alternative to improve salinity tolerance in horticultural crops, through rebalancing plant development. Providing that hormones play a key role in plant growth and development and stress responses, we hypothesized that rootstock-mediated reallocation of vegetative growth and yield under salinity was associated with changes in the hormonal balance. To test this hypothesis, the hybrid pepper variety (Capsicum annuum L. “Gacela F1”) was either non-grafted or grafted onto three commercial rootstocks (Creonte, Atlante, and Terrano) and plants were grown in a greenhouse under control (0 mM NaCl) and moderate salinity (35 mM NaCl) conditions. Differential vegetative growth versus fruit yield responses were induced by rootstock and salinity. Atlante strongly increased shoot and root fresh weight with respect to the non-grafted Gacela plants associated with improved photosynthetic rate and K+ homeostasis under salinity. The invigorating effect of Atlante can be explained by an efficient balance between cytokinins (CKs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Creonte improved fruit yield and maintained the reproductive to vegetative ratio under salinity as a consequence of its capacity to induce biomass reallocation and to avoid Na+ accumulation in the shoot. The physiological responses associated with yield stability in Creonte were mediated by the inverse regulation of CKs and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Finally, Terrano limited the accumulation of gibberellins in the shoot thus reducing plant height. Despite scion compactness induced by Terrano, both vegetative and reproductive biomass were maintained under salinity through ABA-mediated control of water relations and K+ homeostasis. Our data demonstrate that the contrasting developmental and physiological responses induced by the rootstock genotype in salinized pepper plants were critically mediated by hormones. This will be particularly important for rootstock breeding programs to improve salinity tolerance by focusing on hormonal traits.

Response of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) to fertigation and mulching

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
G. Chandramohan Reddy ◽  
S. S. Hebbar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Dry Fruit

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) during 2015-16 at the Division of vegetable crops, Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore to determine the effect of different fertigation sources and mulching on growth parameters, yield and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE). Fertigation was done both water soluble fertilizers and normal fertilizers with different doses. The results revealed that significantly higher growth and yield parameters viz., plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, leaf area and leaf area index, number of fruits per plant, length of the fruit (cm), girth of the fruit (cm), fruit weight (g) dry fruit yield per plant (g), dry fruit yield per hectare (t) were observed by the treatments viz., application of water soluble fertilizers 100 per cent (Recommended dose of fertilizers) RDF using urea, 19:19:19 and KNO3 through fertigation with mulching, followed by Normal fertilizers 100 per cent RDF using Urea, DAP, MOP through fertigation with mulching. From this investigation it is concluded that water soluble fertilizers as well as normal fertilizers fertigation with mulching ideal for maximum growth and yield of the chilli crop.

(Effect of variety and dosage of mycorrhiza on the growth and yield of pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) in Andisol)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Mizan Maulana ◽  
Syafruddin Syafruddin ◽  
Elly Kesumawati
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Random Group ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Pepper Plants

Effect of variety and dosage of mycorrhiza on the growth and yield of pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) in Andisol. This study aims to determine the effect of varieties and doses of mycorrhiza on the growth and yield of pepper plants on land Andisol and the interaction between these two factors. This research was conducted at the experimental garden in plant physiology laboratory university agricultural Faculty Syiah Kuala start of June 2015 until December 2015. Research using Random Group 4x3 factorial design with three replications, consisting of 36 experimental units consisting of two factors. he first factor is the dose mycorhiza consists of 4 levels of 0, 5, 10 and 15 g / plant. The second factor varieties consisting of Carlos F1, F1 Kiyo, and La Odeng. The results showed that variety significant effect on yield of pepper plants. The best varieties are varieties Kiyo F1 on the generative phase that can be seen from the weight of the fruit crop age parameter 110 HST and 45 HST mycorhiza infection. While the dose of mycorrhizal significant effect on the growth and yield of pepper plants on land Andisol. Dose best mycorrhiza contained in 10g / plants that can be seen in the number of fruit crops as well as the parameters of mycorhiza infection most. Research also shows there is a higher interaction on Carlos F1 varieties with a dose of 15 g / plant in the parameters the number of leaf age 15 HST, At the age of 30 HST rod diameter also gives the best result in two different varieties, namely in Carlos F1 hybrid varieties and local varieties La Odeng on mycorrhizal dose of 15 g / plant and root infection aged 45 HST. La Odeng varieties give the highest number of mycorrhizal infection in mycorrhizal dose of 10 g / plant.

scholarly journals Seed treatment using rhizobacteria as plant growth promotion of two chili variety (Capsicum annuum L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
Syamsuddin ◽  
Halimursyadah ◽  
Samingan ◽  
V Maulidia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chili Peppers

Abstract The research aims to find out the effect of pre-germination treatment seeds using rhizobacteria as plant growth promotion of two varieties of red chili peppers in the field. The experiment used a randomized design of factorial groups. Factors studied were varieties (V) and rhizobacteria types (R). The variety factor consists of 2 varieties namely PM999 (V1) and Kiyo F1 (V2). While the type of rhizobacteria factor tried consists of 8 treatment, namely, control (R0), Azotobacter sp. (R1), B. megaterium (R2), P. atmuta (R3), B. alvei (R4), Flavobacterium sp. (R5), B. coagulans (R6), B. firmus (R7) and B. pilymixa (Rs). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so there were 48 experimental units. Each unit of experiment is represented by 5 sample plants. The data was analyzed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT test at real level α = 0.05. The results showed that vegetative growth and production of chili plants until the age of 45 days after planting in each variety is not dependent on the pre-germination treatment of seeds with rhizobacteria. But the varieties of chili plants used affect vegetative growth and production. PM999 varieties are superior to the Kiyo F1 variety. Pre-germination treatment of seeds using rhizobacteria is relatively effective in improving vegetative growth and yield of chili plants. Among the 8 isolates rizobacteria isolate Azotobacter sp., B. megaterium, B. coagulants, Flavobacterium sp., and P. atmuta relatively effective to provide an increased effect on the growth and production of chili plants.

scholarly journals The Use of Red Shade Nets Improves Growth in Salinized Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants by Regulating Their Ion Homeostasis and Hormone Balance

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1766
Author(s):  
Amparo Gálvez ◽  
Alfonso Albacete ◽  
Francisco M. del Amor ◽  
Josefa López-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Pepper Plants

The actual climate crisis scenario is aggravating the abiotic stress episodes that crop plants have to face. Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses directly impairing plant growth and productivity. Several strategies have been developed to minimize the negative effects of salinity in agricultural industry, mainly at the plant level, while management strategies, such us the control of microclimate conditions and light quality over plant canopy, have also been used. Indeed, shading plants with photoselective nets has been considered an efficient management strategy to modulate solar radiation to improve crop productivity. The aim of this work was to gain insights about the physiological factors underlying the salinity-alleviating effect of using red shading nets. For that, pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) were grown under control (0 mM NaCl) and moderate salinity (35 mM NaCl) conditions, with half of the plants covered with a red net (30% shading). The shoot growth impairment provoked by salinity was in part minimized by shading plants with red nets, which can be explained by their higher capacity to exclude Na+, control of K+ homeostasis and regulation of hormonal balance. Indeed, the concentrations of the most active cytokinin in pepper, trans-zeatin, as well as its metabolic precursor, zeatin riboside, increased in shaded plants, associated to shoot growth recovery and photosynthetic rate maintenance under salinity. Furthermore, the stress-related hormone abscisic acid (ABA) increased with salinity but in a lower extend in the plants shaded with red nets, suggesting a fine tune of stomata opening by ABA which, in crosstalk with salicylic acid increment, improved plant water relations. Likewise, the concentrations of gibberellins and the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, also changed during salinity stress in shaded plants but those changes were uncoupled of growth responses as indicated by the principal component analysis and thus they seem to play a minor role. Our data demonstrate that shading pepper plants with red nets is an efficient management strategy to modulate microclimate conditions at crop level thus controlling the ion homeostasis and hormonal balance of the plant to cope with salinity stress. This is especially important due to the actual and expected changes of the global climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento en pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) híbrido Nathalie a un lixiviado de vermicompost bovino

2020 ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
José Lincoln Cedeño Guerra ◽  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana ◽  
Antonio Torres García ◽  
Osvaldo Fosado Téllez
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Yield Responses

Growth and yield responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrid Nathalie to a bovine vermicompost leachate Resumen El pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) es una hortaliza muy apreciada en el mundo por sus propiedades nutritivas, sus aplicaciones médicas y como condimento a los alimentos. En Ecuador se cultiva en varias provincias, y en todos los casos se utilizan altas cantidades de fertilizantes químicos sintéticos. Una opción es el empleo de bioestimulantes orgánicos que permiten producciones limpias. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar las respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento del pimiento híbrido Nathalie a la aplicación de un lixiviado de vermicompost bovino (LVCB). Se ensayaron seis tratamientos experimentales: suelo sin fertilizar, fertilizante químico YaraMilaTM ComplexTM, y tres diluciones de LVCB (1:10, 1:20 y 1:30 v/v). Las variables del crecimiento evaluadas fueron la altura de las plantas, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas y el contenido de clorofilas totales a los 15, 30 y 45 días después del trasplante. Las variables del rendimiento (longitud, circunferencia y peso de los frutos) se midieron en cuatro cosechas. Se calculó el rendimiento estimado por hectárea a partir del peso total de los frutos de las cuatro cosechas y el área ocupada por las plantas muestreadas. No se observaron diferencias significativas en las variables del crecimiento y el contenido total de clorofilas entre los tratamientos experimentales. Los rendimientos estimados de todas las diluciones de LVCB fueron similares a los obtenidos con fertilizante químico y superaron al suelo sin fertilizar. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el uso de LVCB puede convertirse en una alternativa sostenible para la producción de pimiento sin contaminar el medio ambiente. Palabras clave: pimiento; Capsicum annuum L.; bioestimulantes. Abstract The pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable highly prized in the world for its nutritional properties, medical applications and as a condiment to food. In Ecuador it is grown in several provinces, and in all cases high amounts of synthetic chemical fertilizers are used. One option is the use of organic biostimulants that allow clean productions. This work aimed to investigate the growth and yield responses of the Nathalie hybrid pepper to the application of a leachate of bovine vermicompost (LVCB). Six experimental treatments were tested: unfertilized soil, YaraMilaTM ComplexTM chemical fertilizer, and three dilutions of LVCB (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 v/v). The growth variables evaluated were the height of the plants, the diameter of the stem, the amount of leaves and the total chlorophyll content at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplantation. The yield variables (length, circumference and weight of the fruits) were measured in four crops. The estimated yield per hectare was calculated from the total weight of the fruits of the four crops and the area occupied by the sampled plants. No significant differences were observed in the growth variables and the total chlorophyll content between the experimental treatments. The estimated yields of all dilutions of LVCB were similar to those obtained with chemical fertilizer and exceeded the soil without fertilizing. The results obtained suggest that the use of LVCB can become a sustainable alternative for pepper production without polluting the environment. Keywords: pepper; Capsicum annuum L.; bioestimulants.

scholarly journals Effects of Dry Spirulina platensis and Antitranspirant on Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Afifah Farida Jufri ◽  
Sudradjat , ◽  
And Eko Sulistyono
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

ABSTRACT<br /><br />Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plant is very sensitive to nutrient deficiences. The alternative effective approach is trough application of bio stimulator. The objective of this research was to study the effect of Spirulina platensis dry biomass and antiranspirant on chili pepper growth and yield. This research was conducted at  Dramaga District, Bogor Regency, West Java Indonesia from  February to July 2014. The experiment was arranged in a factorial split plot design with three replications. The main plot was S. platensis application which consisted of two levels, i.e., without S. platensis (control) and with S. platensis application (S1). The subplot was antitranspirant which consisted of  three levels of interval application, there were  without antitranspirant (A0), weekly (A1) and fortnightly (A2). The results showed that application of S. platensis and antitranspirant had no significant effect on physiological responses, vegetative growth and yield components. Application of S. platensis and antitranspirant weekly on chili pepper increased marketable product by 2.1%..<br /><br />Keywords: S. platensis, bio stimulator, nutrient<br /><br />

scholarly journals Effect of planting dates and varieties on growth, fruit yield and quality of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 734-738
Author(s):  
Sagar Koner ◽  
Ranjit Chatterjee ◽  
Suchand Datta
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is highly sensitive to temperature variation and high temperature promotes flower drops and reduce fruit yield. An experiment was undertaken to identify suitable planting time of bell pepper and stable performed varieties for different plating dates during the winter season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 at U.B.K.V., Pundibari, West Bengal, India. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 3 replications. Three planting dates (15th November, 30th November and 15th December) were allotted in sub plots while 4 varieties (Mekong, California Wonder, JK Peeyali and Asha) were placed in main plots. Bell pepper responded differently with the changes in planting dates irrespective of years. The 30th November planting date emerged best in terms of different and growth and yield attributes. Among the varieties, Mekong emerged as superior in terms of more number of fruits (10.24), fruit weight (65.50 g) and yield (670.76 g/plant and 18.11 t/ha) while maximum beta carotene and vitamin C were recorded in the variety California Wonder (0.071 μg/100g fresh fruits, 154.80 mg/100g fresh fruits, respectively). The interaction effect showed that variety Mekong transplanted on 15th December resulted in many fold improvement in the form of highest leaf area (8.79 cm2), maximum number of fruits/ plant, fruit weight (86.93 g) and fruit yield (854.69 g/plant and 23.08 t/ha). The result established that 30th November is ideal for bell pepper planting and the variety Mekong is the most stable performing variety with respect to the different planting dates.

scholarly journals Propiedades espectrales de la cubierta de macro túneles y su relación con el crecimiento y rendimiento del chile poblano (Capsicum annuum L.).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zermeño González ◽  
José Ángel Marroquín Morales ◽  
Aaron Isain Melendres Alvarez ◽  
Homero Ramírez Rodríguez ◽  
Martín Cadena Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Transmitted Radiation ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

With protected agriculture, plants are sheltered from adverse climatic conditions, and the solar radiation that impacts the plants is modif ied with the purpose of improving their productivity. Therefore, the objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of the material and color of four greenhouse covers over the rate and spectral characteristics of the transmitted radiation, and their relation with chlorophyll content, growth and yield of poblano pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv Ébano culture. The study was conducted in four oval shaped macro-tunnels (4 m wide, 2.5 m high and 12 m long). The covers of three macro-tunnels consisted of red, blue and translucent polycarbonate sheets, respectively, and the remaining macro-tunnel cover was high-density diffuse polyethylene. Spectral characteristics of the solar radiation transmitted in each cover were determined using a spectroradiometer. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) rate within and outside each macro-tunnel was obtained using quantum sensors. The results of our study showed that plants that grew under polycarbonate covers of different colors presented more chlorophyll content than plants under the high-density polyethylene cover and those from open f ield. Due to the lower rate of PAR and almost null radiation transmissivity from 400 to 570 nm, plants that grew under red polycarbonate sheets were taller and with more foliage, but with lower fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was observed under the translucent polycarbonate and high-density polyethylene covers.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen On Growth and Yield of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Roof Top Garden

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Khalid Mahmud ◽  
Taslim Hossain ◽  
Tamanna Haque Mou ◽  
Asraf Ali ◽  
Monirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Rooftop Garden ◽  
Different Doses

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) under rooftop conditions. The single factorial experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Four levels of nitrogen N0: 0 kg N ha-1, N1: 90 kg N ha-1, N2: 110 kg N ha-1 and N3: 130 kg N ha-1 were used in this experiment. Growth and yield contributing parameters significantly influenced by different doses of nitrogenous fertilizers. The dose of N2 gave the highest plant height (80.97 cm) and most of the morphological parameters increased with increasing nitrogen levels up to N2. The treatment N3 gave the highest fruit length (4.93 cm), yield of fruits plant-1 (165.33 gm), average fruit yield plot-1 (0.66 kg), individual fruit weight (1.97 g) and average fruit yield (5.533 kgha-1). Based on the present results, it can be suggested that use of 130 kg N ha-1 increased plant growth and fruit yield of chili in rooftop garden.

Effects of duration of coverage with spunbonded polyester rowcovers on growth and yield of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Waterer
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Yield Responses

Transparent rowcovers installed at transplanting and removed as growing conditions improve are commonly employed to promote development of warm-season vegetable crops. In regions with a brief and cool growing season, short-stature warm-season crops such as peppers could potentially benefit from being kept under the rowcovers for extended periods after transplanting. This study examined the influence of duration of coverage with spunbonded polyester rowcovers on vegetative growth, fruit yields and degree of fruit maturity of bell peppers over the 1999, 2000 and 2001 cropping seasons in Saskatchewan, Canada. Eight-week-old transplants of several cultivars of pepper were covered for 6 wk or 10 wk after transplanting or for the duration of the growing season. All growth and yield responses to the duration of coverage were consistent across the cultivars tested. In 1999, extending the period of coverage reduced aboveground vegetative growth of the crop, otherwise vegetative growth was not influenced by the duration of coverage. During the relatively cool 2000 cropping season, the duration of coverage had no effect on fruit yields or the proportion of the fruit that matured to red prior to frost. By contrast, in the warmer 1999 and 2001 cropping seasons, fruit yields declined as the duration of coverage increased. Excessively high temperatures interfere with fruit set in peppers. These results suggest that the risk of exposing the crop to excessively high temperatures may be increased by extending the period of coverage into the warmer periods of the growing season. Extending the period of coverage beyond the standard 6 wk also required additional labor and occasionally exacerbated problems with weeds and insect pests. Key words: Rowcovers, microclimate, ripening, pepper, Capsicum annuum

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