scholarly journals Respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento en pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) híbrido Nathalie a un lixiviado de vermicompost bovino

2020 ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
José Lincoln Cedeño Guerra ◽  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana ◽  
Antonio Torres García ◽  
Osvaldo Fosado Téllez
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Yield Responses

Growth and yield responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrid Nathalie to a bovine vermicompost leachate Resumen El pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) es una hortaliza muy apreciada en el mundo por sus propiedades nutritivas, sus aplicaciones médicas y como condimento a los alimentos. En Ecuador se cultiva en varias provincias, y en todos los casos se utilizan altas cantidades de fertilizantes químicos sintéticos. Una opción es el empleo de bioestimulantes orgánicos que permiten producciones limpias. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar las respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento del pimiento híbrido Nathalie a la aplicación de un lixiviado de vermicompost bovino (LVCB). Se ensayaron seis tratamientos experimentales: suelo sin fertilizar, fertilizante químico YaraMilaTM ComplexTM, y tres diluciones de LVCB (1:10, 1:20 y 1:30 v/v). Las variables del crecimiento evaluadas fueron la altura de las plantas, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas y el contenido de clorofilas totales a los 15, 30 y 45 días después del trasplante. Las variables del rendimiento (longitud, circunferencia y peso de los frutos) se midieron en cuatro cosechas. Se calculó el rendimiento estimado por hectárea a partir del peso total de los frutos de las cuatro cosechas y el área ocupada por las plantas muestreadas. No se observaron diferencias significativas en las variables del crecimiento y el contenido total de clorofilas entre los tratamientos experimentales. Los rendimientos estimados de todas las diluciones de LVCB fueron similares a los obtenidos con fertilizante químico y superaron al suelo sin fertilizar. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el uso de LVCB puede convertirse en una alternativa sostenible para la producción de pimiento sin contaminar el medio ambiente. Palabras clave: pimiento; Capsicum annuum L.; bioestimulantes. Abstract The pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable highly prized in the world for its nutritional properties, medical applications and as a condiment to food. In Ecuador it is grown in several provinces, and in all cases high amounts of synthetic chemical fertilizers are used. One option is the use of organic biostimulants that allow clean productions. This work aimed to investigate the growth and yield responses of the Nathalie hybrid pepper to the application of a leachate of bovine vermicompost (LVCB). Six experimental treatments were tested: unfertilized soil, YaraMilaTM ComplexTM chemical fertilizer, and three dilutions of LVCB (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 v/v). The growth variables evaluated were the height of the plants, the diameter of the stem, the amount of leaves and the total chlorophyll content at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplantation. The yield variables (length, circumference and weight of the fruits) were measured in four crops. The estimated yield per hectare was calculated from the total weight of the fruits of the four crops and the area occupied by the sampled plants. No significant differences were observed in the growth variables and the total chlorophyll content between the experimental treatments. The estimated yields of all dilutions of LVCB were similar to those obtained with chemical fertilizer and exceeded the soil without fertilizing. The results obtained suggest that the use of LVCB can become a sustainable alternative for pepper production without polluting the environment. Keywords: pepper; Capsicum annuum L.; bioestimulants.

scholarly journals Respuestas de crecimiento, contenido de clorofila y rendimiento a la aplicación de lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino en el pimiento (Capsicum annuum L. híbrido Quetzal)

2020 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Cristhian Josue Cedeño Solorzano ◽  
Antonio Torres García ◽  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Vermicompost Leachate

Growth, chlorophyll content and yield responses after application of bovine manure vermicompost leachate in pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Quetzal hybrid) Resumen El pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) está presente en la dieta alimenticia de numerosas personas y tiene un gran valor económico para los agricultores que se dedican al cultivo de esta hortaliza. La presente investigación se realizó en la Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, en el campus experimental La Teodomira. Se evaluó el comportamiento del híbrido de pimiento Quetzal F1 en cinco tratamientos: la aplicación foliar de tres diluciones (1:10, 1:20 y 1:30 v/v) de lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino (LVEB), fertilización química y suelo sin fertilización. Las variables evaluadas fueron la altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas, el contenido de clorofilas totales y el peso de los frutos. A partir de esta última se estimó el rendimiento por hectárea. En general, los valores de todas las variables fueron significativamente superiores en las plantas que fueron tratadas con las diluciones de LVEB con respecto a las que crecieron en suelo sin fertilizar o con fertilización química. La dilución 1:30 del LVEB se destacó por encima de las restantes, mostrando incrementos significativamente mayores que la fertilización química en la altura de planta, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas, el contenido de clorofilas totales, y aumentando en 1,28 tha-1 el rendimiento en comparación con las plantas que recibieron fertilizante químico. Los resultados demuestran los efectos benéficos que ejerce el lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino en el pimiento y potencian a este bioestimulante como alternativa sostenible en la producción hortícola.  Palabras clave: pimiento; lixiviados; vermicompost; bioestimulantes   Abstract The pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is present in the diet of many people and has great economic value for farmers who are dedicated to the cultivation of this vegetable. This research was carried out at the Faculty of Agronomic Engineering of the Technical University of Manabí, on the La Teodomira experimental campus. The behavior of the Quetzal F1 pepper hybrid was evaluated under five treatments: foliar application of three dilutions (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 v/v) of bovine manure vermicompost leachate (LVEB), chemical fertilization and soil without fertilization. The variables evaluated were the plant height, the diameter of the stem, the number of leaves, the total chlorophyll content and the weight of the fruits. From the latter, the yield per hectare was estimated. In general, the values ​​of all the variables were significantly higher in the plants that were treated with the dilutions of LVEB with respect to those that grew in soil without fertilizing or with chemical fertilization. The 1:30 dilution of the LVEB stood out above the remaining ones, showing significantly greater increases than chemical fertilization for plant height, stem diameter, leaf quantity, total chlorophyll content, and increasing yield by 1,28 tha-1 compared to plants that received chemical fertilizer. The results demonstrate the beneficial effects exerted by the bovine manure vermicompost leachate in pepper and enhance this biostimulant as a sustainable alternative in horticultural production. Keywords: pepper; leachates; vermicompost; biostimulants.

scholarly journals CaFtsH06, a Novel Filamentous Thermosensitive Protease Gene, Is Involved in Heat, Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6953
Author(s):  
Jing-Jing Xiao ◽  
Rui-Xing Zhang ◽  
Abid Khan ◽  
Saeed ul Haq ◽  
Wen-Xian Gai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Protease Gene ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Harsh environmental factors have continuous negative effects on plant growth and development, leading to metabolic disruption and reduced plant productivity and quality. However, filamentation temperature-sensitive H protease (FtsH) plays a prominent role in helping plants to cope with these negative impacts. In the current study, we examined the transcriptional regulation of the CaFtsH06 gene in the R9 thermo-tolerant pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) line. The results of qRT-PCR revealed that CaFtsH06 expression was rapidly induced by abiotic stress treatments, including heat, salt, and drought. The CaFtsH06 protein was localized to the mitochondria and cell membrane. Additionally, silencing CaFtsH06 increased the accumulation of malonaldehyde content, conductivity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and the activity levels of superoxide dismutase and superoxide (·O2−), while total chlorophyll content decreased under these abiotic stresses. Furthermore, CaFtsH06 ectopic expression enhanced tolerance to heat, salt, and drought stresses, thus decreasing malondialdehyde, proline, H2O2, and ·O2− contents while superoxide dismutase activity and total chlorophyll content were increased in transgenic Arabidopsis. Similarly, the expression levels of other defense-related genes were much higher in the transgenic ectopic expression lines than WT plants. These results suggest that CaFtsH06 confers abiotic stress tolerance in peppers by interfering with the physiological indices through reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inducing the activities of stress-related enzymes and regulating the transcription of defense-related genes, among other mechanisms. The results of this study suggest that CaFtsH06 plays a very crucial role in the defense mechanisms of pepper plants to unfavorable environmental conditions and its regulatory network with other CaFtsH genes should be examined across variable environments.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Water Spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Selvia Dewi Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) had been identified as a nutritious vegetable with high demand in Indonesia. Besides, this plant also has been evidenced to play an important role in environmental cleaning as phytoremediator. The study about the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) has been conducted in the Green House of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study aims to investigate the most effective type of fertilizers and the dose for water spinach’s (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth and yield. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was designed for the experiment with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor is the type of fertilizer (chicken manure, cow manure, and compost), and the second factor is the dose of the fertilizer (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1). The parameters such as plant height, number of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf’s total chlorophyll content, and water content were measured to evaluate plant growth and yield. The General Linear Model used SPSS 21 programs was applied to analyze the collected data. Study results revealed that cow manure increased plant growth and yield significantly with dose 2:1 as the finest treatment, followed by dose 3:1. Cow manure also increased total chlorophyll content (8.0574c mg. L-1), with the most suitable dose was 2:1 (8.2807 mg. L-1). The plant’s water content tended to be high in chicken manure (93%), and the lower water content was in cow manure with dose 3:1 (87.5%).

scholarly journals Response of Two variety of Snake Cucumber to Spray with Atonics Biostimulator in Some Chemical Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
Ghufran Zaid Khalaf Al-Rikabi ◽  
Batool Hanoon Falih Al-Zubaidy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The experiment was carried out in unheated greenhouses in the station of the College of Agriculture and Marshes/Dhi Qar University during the fall season 2020-2021, to study the effect of atonic biostimulant in chemical parameters growth and yield of snak cucumber (Cucumis melo. Var flexuosus naud) under protected cultivation,. The experiment included two factors: First one two cultivars of cucumber (Al-Baghdadi and Al-Halawi), second factor was atonic biostimulant (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 ml L−1) A Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) were used with three replicates and means were compared according to Least Significant Difference Test (L.S.D.)test at probability of 0.05. Determining the stages of plant growth in which the foliar spraying process was carried out and the number of sprays. Results were summarized as follows: Al-Baghdadi cultivar was significantly superior in (content of total soluble carbohydrates in fruits, vitamin (C) and total chlorophyll content of fruits), reached (6.181, 101.8 and 9,744) mg 100 g−1 respectively Compare with Al-Halawi cultivar which recorded the highest rate of protein in fruits(4.115 %.), The addition of atonic spray treatment at a concentration 1.5 ml L−1 was significantly in (content of total soluble carbohydrates in fruits, vitamin (C), total chlorophyll and proteins in fruits), which recorded (7.327 mg 100g−1 and 132.5 mg 100g−1 and 10,860 mg 100g−1 and 4.323%) respectively, but the control treatment gave the lowest rates. the interaction between Al-Baghdadi cultivar and 1.5 mL−1 atonic biostimulant was superior (content of total soluble carbohydrates, vitamin (C), total chlorophyll content in fruits), 145.0 mg 100 g−1, 11.019 mg 100 g−1 and 4.354%) respectively, but the comparison treatment gave the lowest rates.

scholarly journals Perlakuan Pupuk Kandang Untuk Mengurangi Dosis Pupuk Kimia Pada Budidaya Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
I Komang Damar Jaya ◽  
Bambang Budi Santoso ◽  
Jayaputra Jayaputra
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Goat Manure

The use of high doses of chemical fertilizers in the production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) has an adverse impact on the environment, especially in dryland. This study aimed to examine the role of cow manure (PKS), goat manure (PKK), chicken manure (PKA), or a combination of two manures in reducing 25% of the requirement for chemical fertilizer on chili plants. One experiment was carried out in the dryland of Gumantar Village, North Lombok Regency, from May to October 2021. Phonska NPK (15-15-15) chemical fertilizer (PK) at a 1,200 kg/ha dose was used as a control. The treatments tested were 75% PK+PKS, 75% PK+PKK, 75% PK+PKA, 75% PK+PKS+PKK, 75% PK+PKS+PKA and 75% PK+PKK+PKA. The dose of manure used in each treatment was 20 tons/ha. All treatments were repeated three times and arranged in a randomized block design. The results showed that the treatment of manure, especially goat manure and chicken manure, increased the available phosphate (P) in the soil. The growth and yield of chili plants were not significantly different in all treatments, which means that manure could replace the role of 25% of the chemical fertilizer used. These results indicate that manure in the long term can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers to produce chili in dryland.  Key words: chili; dryland; manure; chemical fertilizer; nutrition

scholarly journals Contrasting Rootstock-Mediated Growth and Yield Responses in Salinized Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Are Associated with Changes in the Hormonal Balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3297
Author(s):  
Amparo Gálvez ◽  
Alfonso Albacete ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Andújar ◽  
Francisco M. del Amor ◽  
Josefa López-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Pepper Plants

Salinity provokes an imbalance of vegetative to generative growth, thus impairing crop productivity. Unlike breeding strategies, grafting is a direct and quick alternative to improve salinity tolerance in horticultural crops, through rebalancing plant development. Providing that hormones play a key role in plant growth and development and stress responses, we hypothesized that rootstock-mediated reallocation of vegetative growth and yield under salinity was associated with changes in the hormonal balance. To test this hypothesis, the hybrid pepper variety (Capsicum annuum L. “Gacela F1”) was either non-grafted or grafted onto three commercial rootstocks (Creonte, Atlante, and Terrano) and plants were grown in a greenhouse under control (0 mM NaCl) and moderate salinity (35 mM NaCl) conditions. Differential vegetative growth versus fruit yield responses were induced by rootstock and salinity. Atlante strongly increased shoot and root fresh weight with respect to the non-grafted Gacela plants associated with improved photosynthetic rate and K+ homeostasis under salinity. The invigorating effect of Atlante can be explained by an efficient balance between cytokinins (CKs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Creonte improved fruit yield and maintained the reproductive to vegetative ratio under salinity as a consequence of its capacity to induce biomass reallocation and to avoid Na+ accumulation in the shoot. The physiological responses associated with yield stability in Creonte were mediated by the inverse regulation of CKs and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Finally, Terrano limited the accumulation of gibberellins in the shoot thus reducing plant height. Despite scion compactness induced by Terrano, both vegetative and reproductive biomass were maintained under salinity through ABA-mediated control of water relations and K+ homeostasis. Our data demonstrate that the contrasting developmental and physiological responses induced by the rootstock genotype in salinized pepper plants were critically mediated by hormones. This will be particularly important for rootstock breeding programs to improve salinity tolerance by focusing on hormonal traits.

scholarly journals Propiedades espectrales de la cubierta de macro túneles y su relación con el crecimiento y rendimiento del chile poblano (Capsicum annuum L.).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zermeño González ◽  
José Ángel Marroquín Morales ◽  
Aaron Isain Melendres Alvarez ◽  
Homero Ramírez Rodríguez ◽  
Martín Cadena Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Transmitted Radiation ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

With protected agriculture, plants are sheltered from adverse climatic conditions, and the solar radiation that impacts the plants is modif ied with the purpose of improving their productivity. Therefore, the objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of the material and color of four greenhouse covers over the rate and spectral characteristics of the transmitted radiation, and their relation with chlorophyll content, growth and yield of poblano pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv Ébano culture. The study was conducted in four oval shaped macro-tunnels (4 m wide, 2.5 m high and 12 m long). The covers of three macro-tunnels consisted of red, blue and translucent polycarbonate sheets, respectively, and the remaining macro-tunnel cover was high-density diffuse polyethylene. Spectral characteristics of the solar radiation transmitted in each cover were determined using a spectroradiometer. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) rate within and outside each macro-tunnel was obtained using quantum sensors. The results of our study showed that plants that grew under polycarbonate covers of different colors presented more chlorophyll content than plants under the high-density polyethylene cover and those from open f ield. Due to the lower rate of PAR and almost null radiation transmissivity from 400 to 570 nm, plants that grew under red polycarbonate sheets were taller and with more foliage, but with lower fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was observed under the translucent polycarbonate and high-density polyethylene covers.

scholarly journals Contenido de clorofilas totales en doce clones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

2018 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana ◽  
Antonio Torres García ◽  
Osvaldo Fosado T´éllez ◽  
Janner Álava Álava ◽  
Gema Sancán Pin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Chlorophyll Meter ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Total chlorophyll content in twelve cocoa clones (Theobroma cacao L.) Resumen El contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos, en particular las clorofilas, está relacionado con la adaptación de los genotipos a las condiciones climáticas en que estos se desarrollan. En varias especies, la cantidad de clorofila está relacionada con el rendimiento de los cultivos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el contenido de clorofilas totales en 12 clones de Theobroma cacao L. que están siendo empleados como progenitores en un programa de mejoramiento genético en la Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí. El contenido de clorofilas totales se midió en las hojas adultas de tres plantas de cada clon, en condiciones de secano, en los meses de enero, junio y julio de 2017, con el medidor de clorofila Minolta SPAD-502®. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los clones en cada uno de los tres muestreos, en particular en el último realizado en la estación seca, lo que se atribuye a la mayor adaptabilidad de algunos clones a las condiciones de baja disponibilidad de agua. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la evolución del contenido de clorofilas de los clones. Palabras clave: cacao; Theobroma cacao L.; clorofilas; clones. Abstract The content of photosynthetic pigments, particularly chlorophylls, is related to the adaptation of genotypes to the climatic conditions in which they develop. In several species, the amount of chlorophyll is related to the yield of crops. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the total chlorophyll content in 12 clones of Theobroma cacao L. that are being used as progenitors in a breeding program in the Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica of the Universidad Técnica de Manabí. The total chlorophyll content was measured in the adult leaves of three plants of each clone, under rain-fed conditions, in the months of January, June and July of 2017, with the chlorophyll meter Minolta SPAD-502®. Significant differences were found between the clones in each of the three samplings, particularly in the last one carried out in the dry season, which is attributed to the greater adaptability of some clones to the conditions of low water availability. No significant differences were observed in the evolution of the chlorophyll content of the clones. Keywords: cocoa; Theobroma cacao L.; chlorophylls; clones.

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