Phytohormone Cross-Talk Synthesizes Glycoalkaloids in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Response to Aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) Infestation under Drought Stress

Potato production is adversely affected by aphid infestation across the globe. Understanding the mechanism of host plant defense against aphids under drought stress is paramount for insect pest management. This study was conducted to examine the cross-talk of phytohormones in potato glycoalkaloids’ defense against green peach aphids under greenhouse conditions. A 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment comprising three potato cultivars (Qingshu 9, Longshu 3, and Atlantic) and two levels each of water availability and aphid infestation was conducted. The results show that under drought stress, green peach aphids thrive well on host plants, which contain a relatively high water content. The resistant cultivar DXY, which exhibited a higher level of phytohormones, also demonstrated higher α-chaconine and α-solanine contents in both leaf and root, under drought and aphid stress. Conversely, the susceptible cultivar QS9, which exhibited a lower level of phytohormones, also demonstrated low α-chaconine and α-solanine contents in both leaf and root, under drought and aphid stress. The DXY cultivar, which possessed high resistant traits such as α-chaconine and α-solanine, can be used in areas where green peach aphid infestation is a major setback.

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Respon dan Seleksi Tanaman Kentang Terhadap Kekeringan (Response and Selection of Potato Plants to Drought)

Jurnal Hortikultura ◽

10.21082/jhort.v28n2.2018.p163-174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

Tri Handayani ◽

NFN Kusmana ◽

Helmi Kurniawan

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Potato Production ◽

Potato Plants ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Tuber Production ◽

Potato Growth ◽

Selection Of

Kekeringan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kentang. Persilangan dengan tujuan toleran kekeringan telah dilakukan dan dilanjutkan dengan seleksi terbatas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari respon tanaman kentang terhadap kekeringan dan melakukan seleksi klon-klon hasil persilangan untuk sifat toleran kekeringan. Materi yang digunakan adalah 78 nomor hasil seleksi progeni kekeringan tahun 2015. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara tanaman pada kondisi kekeringan dan pengairan normal di dalam Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, pada tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan berpengaruh terhadap karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil. Pada kondisi kekeringan, vigor tanaman menurun dan menunjukkan gejala layu, menguning, serta daun menggulung ke atas. Kekeringan juga menyebabkan penurunan pada diameter batang (41,4%), jumlah batang (6,63%), tinggi tanaman (22,43%), diameter kanopi (18,76%), luas daun (53,7%), jumlah ubi pertanaman (17,54%), berat ubi pertanaman (70,35%), panjang ubi (44,45%) serta diameter ubi (42,85%). Respon tanaman terhadap kekeringan yang lain ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan kadar prolin daun dan klorofil. Seleksi berdasarkan perubahan karakter morfologi, pertumbuhan vegetatif serta produksi ubi, diperoleh 26 genotipe yang berpotensi memiliki sifat toleran terhadap kekeringan. Genotipe terseleksi tersebut memiliki kisaran jumlah ubi per tanaman 1,67 – 12,25, berat ubi per tanaman 26,45 – 80,775 g, panjang ubi 2,05 – 3,4 cm serta diameter ubi 1,43 – 3,06 cm. Hasil dari seleksi kekeringan ini akan dilanjutkan ke seleksi di lapangan untuk mendapatkan klon unggul kentang toleran terhadap kekeringan. Ketersediaan klon kentang toleran kekeringan dapat menjawab ancaman menurunnya produksi kentang akibat perubahan iklim.KeywordsSolanum tuberosum L.; Produksi ubi; Prolin; Toleran kekeringan AbstractDrought is very influential towards the growth and production of the potato crop. A crossing to drought-tolerant genotypes was conducted and continued with a progeny selection. The aims of this study were to study the response of the potato plant to drought stress and to select potato clones resulted from conventional crossing for drought tolerant. The genetic materials tested were 78 progenies resulted from drought selection in 2015. The study was conducted by comparing plants in drought and normal irrigation conditions in the Greenhouse of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, in 2016. Results showed that drought stress affected potato growth as well as tuber yield. On drought conditions, potato plants tend to be poor of plant vigor, showed wilting symptom, yellowing leaves and roll up of the leaves. Drought stress caused the decline of stem diameter of (41.4%), main stem number (6.63%), plant height (22.43%), canopy diameter (18.76%), leaf area (53.7%), per plant tuber number (17.54%), per plant tuber weight (70.35%), tuber length (44.45%) and tuber diameter (42.85%). Another response to drought was the increasing level of proline and chlorophyll in leaf. Based on morphological character changes, vegetative growth and tuber production, 26 genotypes demonstrated potential drought tolerance. The selected genotypes will be used to the next selection in the field to get stable drought-tolerant potato clones. The availability of drought-tolerant potato clones can respond to the threat of reduced potato production due to climate change.

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Potato production on a cat clay soil in relation to stable and uncontrolled water tables

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps92-034 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 289-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. M. Barnett ◽

M. R. Bullen ◽

C. R. de Kimpe

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Water Table ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Potato Production ◽

High Water ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Water Tables

To study potato (Solanum tuberosum) response to drainage in a poorly drained high-S de l’Anse clay loam (sulfaquept), five or six cultivars were grown for 3 consecutive years on separate plots where the water table fluctuated naturally or was maintained at 0.46-, 0.76-, or 1.22-m depth during the growing season. As the fixed water table was maintained at progressively lower levels, marketable tuber (> 45 mm) yields declined linearly from 0.46 to 1.22 m in a year with normal July rainfall. Marketable yield plateaued at 0.76 m then decreased in years with wet or dry July periods. Specific gravity of the potatoes declined each year. The reduction was greater from 0.46 to 0.76 than from 0.76 to 1.22 m in the dry and wet years. In the wet year, there was a slight increase in specific gravity from 0.76 to 1.22 m. Soil temperature and soil pH showed no effect of water table reduction. Generally, the values for variables measured on the controls where the water table fluctuated naturally occurred somewhere between the two extremes of those measured between 0.46 and 1.22 m. Therefore, there was no advantage in lowering the water table for crop growth on a high-water-table soil and doing so resulted in negative effects due to less water being available. These negative effects were not due to increased acidity on this cat clay. Since water table had no effect on soil pH, it may be that the sulfur compounds in this soil were not significantly labile.Key words: Solanum tuberosum L., cat clay, water table

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Pemodelan Karakteristik Pengeringan dan Analisis Perpindahan Panas pada Pengeringan Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.)

Jurnal Rekayasa Hijau ◽

10.26760/jrh.v5i2.188-196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 188-196

Author(s):

Devin Sitompul ◽

Deviana Malinda ◽

Salafudin .

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Silica Gel ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

High Water ◽

Moisture Ratio ◽

Heat Transfer Analysis ◽

High Water Content ◽

Drying Characteristics ◽

Thin Layer Drying

ABSTRAKKentang merupakan salah satu jenis bahan makanan yang yang mempunyai kadar air tinggi. Karena itu kentang mudah rusak di suhu ruang dan menyebabkan kerugian yang besar sehingga dilakukan pengeringan. Penelitian ini untuk menentukan model karakteristik pengeringan secara empiris dan fundamental. Model karakteristik pengeringan digunakan untuk menjelaskan proses pengeringan pada bahan agar mengetahui nilai moisture ratio, analisis perpindahan panas dan dapat memodelkan ke jenis alat pengeringan lainnya. Pada penelitian ini hasil menunjukan model pengeringan lapis tipis midilli paling baik akurasinya dengan data eksperimen pengeringan Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.). Adapun pada hasil analisis pemodelan secara fundamental dapat memodelkan ke jenis alat pengering lainnya pada kondisi yang sama pada data eksperimen yaitu dengan sistem closedloop dengan menggunakan adsorbent berupa silica gel. Pada pemodelan ini waktu yang dibutuhkan selama pengeringan lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan alat yang digunakan pada eksperimen dengan tray dryer. Kata kunci: Pengeringan, Solanum tuberosum L., Model matematika pengeringan lapis tipis, sistem closedloop, adsorbent ABSTRACTPotatoes are a type of food that has a high water content. Because of this, potatoes are easily damaged at room temperature and cause large losses so as to reduce the losses done drying. This study is to determine the model of drying characteristics empirically and fundamentally. The model of drying characteristics is used to explain the drying process in the material to know the moisture ratio value, heat transfer analysis and can model to other types of drying tools. In this study the results showed a thin layer drying midilli model best accuracy with data experiment drying Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)As for the results of the modeling analysis are fundamentally able to model all kinds of other dryer on the same conditions on the experimental data, namely the system by using an adsorbent such closedloop silica gel. In this type of drying using adsorbent, the time required for drying is faster than the tool used in the experiment with the tray dryer.Keywords: drying, solanun tuberosum L., mathematical model of thin layer drying, closedloop system, adsorbent

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Leaf Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Three Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars to Drought Stress and Aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) Infestation

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10120435 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 435 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peter Quandahor ◽

Chunyan Lin ◽

Yuping Gou ◽

Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽

Changzhong Liu

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

The Other ◽

Host Acceptance ◽

Aphid Infestation ◽

Colonization Success

Drought stress on plants can cause cellular water deficits and influence the physiology of host plants, which alter the performance of insect pests. This study was conducted to determine the effect of drought and aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) infestation on three potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes under greenhouse conditions. A factorial experiment involving three potato genotypes, two levels of drought, and two levels of aphid infestation was conducted. The potato genotypes possessed different levels of tolerance to drought and are described as tolerant (Qingshu 9), moderately tolerant (Longshu 3), and sensitive (Atlantic). Sixty-day-old potato plants were infested with aphid nymphs and monitored for 20 d. There was a significant variety × drought × aphid interaction effect on the parameters measured. The genotype Atlantic, which is sensitive to drought, exhibited greater tolerance to aphid infestation under drought or no drought conditions than the other genotypes. This genotype also exhibited poor host acceptance and the aphid survival rate, colonization success, and average daily reproduction were low. Qingshu 9, which is tolerant to drought, was highly susceptible to aphid infestation and exhibited high host acceptance and greater aphid survival rate, colonization success, and average daily reproduction compared to the other genotypes. This study demonstrates that the biochemical and morphological traits that confer drought tolerance in potato do not necessarily confer aphid tolerance.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) technology development and promotion for sustainable food security and commercialization in Awi zone, Northwestern Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-563895/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Addisu Getahun

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Value Chain ◽

Management Practice ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Potato Production ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Post Harvest

Abstract Potato is one of the most important highland crops that highly contribute to food security in different parts of Ethiopia as well as in the world. A major constraint for potato production and productivity includes lack of high yielding varieties, low soil fertility, poor crop management practice, drought, Insect pest, diseases, weeds, poor post-harvest handling techniques, and poor linkages of value chain actors, low dry matter and starch content. The major objectives of this project are to introduce best-performed genotypes with good pest resistance, improve potato cultivation techniques with appropriate agronomic practices, to identify and manage major pests of potato and their effects on yield loss, analyses potato value chain actors and production economics, evaluate post-harvest handling of potato. The project will be carried out using different experimental designs (Randomized Complete Block Design, split plot, lattice arrangement, single plot), sampling methods (random and systematic sampling techniques), both qualitative and quantitative data will be collected and analysed using different statistical software packages (SAS, SPSS, Genstat, PBTools).

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A lipid-mediated cross-talk between insect defense and drought stress responses

10.1603/ice.2016.94316 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

MIchael Kolomiets

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Cross Talk ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Insect Defense

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Features of spring feeding of sterlet of the middle course of the Northern Dvina river

Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries) ◽

10.33920/sel-09-2007-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 8-17

Author(s):

A. Bykov ◽

D. Palatov ◽

I. Studenov ◽

D. Chupov

Keyword(s):

Benthic Communities ◽

High Water ◽

Food Composition ◽

Fish Growth ◽

High Water Content ◽

Feeding Intensity ◽

Biting Midges ◽

Size Groups ◽

Main Components ◽

A Minor

The article provides information about the features of spring feeding of sterlet in the spawning grounds of the middle course of the Northern Dvina river in may 2019. The main and secondary groups of forage objects in the diet of this species of sturgeon are characterized. The article considers the variability of the sterlet food composition with an increase in the size of fish from 30 to 60 cm. In the process of fish growth in the diet of the Severodvinsk sterlet, the main components in terms of occurrence and mass in all size groups are the larvae of Brooks and chironomids. A minor occurrence was the larvae of midges, biting midges, stoneflies, mayflies and small clams. To random and seasonal food are the larvae of water bugs, butterflies, flies, beetles and eggs of other fish. The feeding intensity of the smaller sterlet (30–40 cm) was significantly higher than that of the fish in the size groups 40–50 and 50–60 cm. Fundamental changes in the diet of the Severodvinsk sterlet for the main food objects for more than sixty years of observations have not been established. During periods of high water content of the Northern Dvina due to seasonal changes in the structure of benthic communities, the value of Brooks in the diet of sterlet increases and the proportion of chironomids decreases.

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Hydrogels as Antibacterial Biomaterials

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612824666180213122953 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 843-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Weiguo Xu ◽

Shujun Dong ◽

Yuping Han ◽

Shuqiang Li ◽

Yang Liu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Water Content ◽

Oxygen Permeability ◽

Structural Diversity ◽

High Water ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

High Water Content ◽

Biomedical Field

Hydrogels, as a class of materials for tissue engineering and drug delivery, have high water content and solid-like mechanical properties. Currently, hydrogels with an antibacterial function are a research hotspot in biomedical field. Many advanced antibacterial hydrogels have been developed, each possessing unique qualities, namely high water swellability, high oxygen permeability, improved biocompatibility, ease of loading and releasing drugs and structural diversity. In this article, an overview is provided on the preparation and applications of various antibacterial hydrogels. Furthermore, the prospects in biomedical researches and clinical applications are predicted.

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