scholarly journals The Prognostic Value of Low Muscle Mass in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3033
Author(s):  
Elisa Sefora Pierobon ◽  
Lucia Moletta ◽  
Sandra Zampieri ◽  
Roberta Sartori ◽  
Alessandra Rosalba Brazzale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Muscle Mass Loss ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Low muscle mass is associated with reduced survival in patients with different cancer types. The interest in preoperative sarcopenia and pancreatic cancer has risen in the last decade as muscle mass loss seems to be associated with poorer survival, higher postoperative morbidity, and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review the literature to compare the impact of low muscle mass on the outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. An extensive literature review was conducted according to the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and 10 articles were analyzed in detail and included in the meta-analysis. Data were retrieved on 2811 patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic cancer. Meta-analysis identified that patients with low muscle mass demonstrated a significantly reduced OS when compared to patients without alterations of the muscle mass (ROM 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.91, p < 0.001), resulting in a 14% loss for the former. Meta-analysis failed to identify an increase in the postoperative complications and length of stay of patients with low muscle mass. Our analysis confirms the role of low muscle mass in influencing oncologic outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Its role on surgical outcomes remains to be established.

The effect of anti-IGF1 therapy on muscle mass in metastatic pancreatic cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4064-4064
Author(s):  
David R. Fogelman ◽  
Mohamed Aly Khalil ◽  
Manal Hassan ◽  
Naveen Garg ◽  
Milind M. Javle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Muscle Mass Loss ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
The Impact

4064 Background: IGF-1 plays a role in the growth of multiple tumor types, including pancreatic cancer. IGF-1 also serves as a growth factor for muscle. The impact of therapeutic targeting of IGF-1 on muscle mass is unknown. Methods: We evaluated muscle mass at L3 in patients enrolled in a randomized phase II study of MK-0646 (M), a monoclonal antibody directed against the IGF-1 protein, in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). We used the Slice-o-matic (ver 4.3) software to segregate CT images into muscle and fat components and measured muscle area (cm2) at baseline and after 2 and 4 months of treatment. Patients received either gemcitabine with erlotinib (G+E), G+E+M, or G+M. Differences between the groups were compared using t-tests. Results: 58 patients had both baseline and 2 month imaging available for analysis. Of these, 44 received M and 14 had G+E only. Baseline muscle mass between the two groups was similar: 146 cm2 and 142 cm2, respectively (P=0.47). After two months of treatment, both groups demonstrated decrease in muscle mass: 134 cm2 (8% loss) vs. 130 cm2 (6% loss) (P= 0.19). Of the 37 patients who had either PR or SD at 2 months, there was a non-significant increase in muscle mass loss among the patients receiving M (7.8% vs. 4.5%, p=.31). At 4 months, those remaining patients in the M group lost 6% (n=14) of muscle mass compared to 3% in the non-M group (n=5) (P=0.54). Each 1% loss of muscle mass increased the odds of dropout by 13% (p=.03, CI 1.0-27%) and predicted for poor survival (p=HR 1.08, p=.02). Conclusions: MPC patients can be expected to lose muscle mass even while having clinical benefit (PR or SD) from chemotherapy. Muscle loss correlated with a risk of study drop-out and death. There was a non-significant trend towards greater muscle mass loss in patients on anti-IGF-1R therapy. However, it is unclear if this loss translates into functional differences between patients. Clinical trial information: NCT00769483.

scholarly journals Pooling analysis regarding the impact of human vitamin D receptor variants on the odds of psoriasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Jinghui Sun ◽  
Min Yan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The study aims at scientifically investigating the genetic effect of four polymorphisms (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs2228570, and rs731236) within the human Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene on the odds of psoriasis through an updated meta-analysis. Methods We searched eight databases and screened the studies for pooling. Finally, a total of eighteen eligible case-control studies were included. BH (Benjamini & Hochberg) adjusted P-values of association (Passociation) and odd ratios (ORs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated under the allele, homozygote, heterozygote, dominant, recessive, and carrier models. Results Compared with the negative controls, no statistically significant difference in the odds of psoriasis was detected for the cases under any genetic models (BH adjusted Passociation > 0.05). We also performed subgroup meta-analyses by the source of controls, ethnicity, country, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and genotyping method. Similar results were observed in most subgroup meta-analyses (BH adjusted Passociation > 0.05). Besides, data of Begg’s and Egger’s tests excluded the significant publication bias; while the sensitivity analysis data further indicated the statistical reliability of our pooling results. Conclusion The currently available data fails to support a robust association between VDR rs7975232, rs1544410, rs2228570 and rs731236 polymorphisms and psoriasis susceptibility, which still required the support of more case-control studies.

Mo1358 THE IMPACT OF SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED PANCREATIC CANCER DURING FOLFIRINOX

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-863
Author(s):  
Shinya Uemura ◽  
Takuji Iwashita ◽  
Hironao Ichikawa ◽  
Yuhei Iwasa ◽  
Naoki Mita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Muscle Mass Loss ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals MetaGxData: Clinically Annotated Breast, Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer Datasets and their Use in Generating a Multi-Cancer Gene Signature

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deena M.A. Gendoo ◽  
Michael Zon ◽  
Vandana Sandhu ◽  
Venkata SK Manem ◽  
Natchar Ratanasirigulchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTA wealth of transcriptomic and clinical data on solid tumours are under-utilized due to unharmonized data storage and format. We have developed the MetaGxData package compendium, which includes manually-curated and standardized clinical, pathological, survival, and treatment metadata across breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer data. MetaGxData is the largest compendium of curated transcriptomic data for these cancer types to date, spanning 86 datasets and encompassing 15,249 samples. Open access to standardized metadata across cancer types promotes use of their transcriptomic and clinical data in a variety of cross-tumour analyses, including identification of common biomarkers, establishing common patterns of co-expression networks, and assessing the validity of prognostic signatures. Here, we demonstrate that MetaGxData is a flexible framework that facilitates meta-analyses by using it to identify common prognostic genes in ovarian and breast cancer. Furthermore, we use the data compendium to create the first gene signature that is prognostic in a meta-analysis across 3 cancers. These findings demonstrate the potential of MetaGxData to serve as an important resource in oncology research and provide a foundation for future development of cancer-specific compendia.

scholarly journals Please Don’t Stop the Music: A Meta-Analysis of the Benefits of Learning to Play an Instrument on Cognitive and Academic Skills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Román-Caballero ◽  
Miguel A. Vadillo ◽  
Laurel Trainor ◽  
Juan Lupiáñez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

An extensive literature has investigated the impact of musical training on cognition and academic achievement in children and adolescents. However, most of the studies have relied on cross-sectional designs, which makes it impossible to elucidate whether the observed differences are a consequence of the engagement in musical activities. Previous meta-analyses with longitudinal studies have also found inconsistent results, possibly due to their reliance on vague definitions of musical training. In addition, more evidence has appeared in recent years. The current meta-analysis investigates the impact of early programs that involve learning to play musical instruments on cognitive and academic skills, as previous meta-analyses have not focused on this form of musical training. Following a systematic search, 34 independent samples of children and adolescents were included. All the studies had pre-post designs and, at least, one control group. Overall, we found a small but significant benefit (g = 0.24) with short-term programs, regardless of whether they were randomized or not. In addition, a small advantage at baseline was observed in studies with self-selection (g = 0.28), indicating that participants who had the opportunity to select the activity consistently showed a slightly superior performance prior to the beginning of the intervention. Our findings support a nature and nurture approach to the relationship between instrumental training and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, evidence from well-conducted studies is still scarce and more studies are necessary to reach firmer conclusions.

scholarly journals Exercise efficacy and prescription during treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic O’Connor ◽  
Malcolm Brown ◽  
Martin Eatock ◽  
Richard C. Turkington ◽  
Gillian Prue
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer and is associated with significant post-operative morbidity and mortality. Patients eligible for surgery, increasingly receive neo-adjuvant therapy before surgery or adjuvant therapy afterward, inherently exposing them to toxicity. As such, optimizing physical function through exercise during treatment remains imperative to optimize quality of life either before surgery or during rehabilitation. However, current exercise efficacy and prescription in pancreatic cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to summarise the published literature on exercise studies conducted in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment with a focus on determining the current prescription and progression patterns being used in this population. Methods A systematic review of four databases identified studies evaluating the effects of exercise on aerobic fitness, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, fatigue and quality of life in participants with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment, published up to 24 July 2020. Two reviewers independently reviewed and appraised the methodological quality of each study. Results Twelve studies with a total of 300 participants were included. Heterogeneity of the literature prevented meta-analysis. Exercise was associated with improvements in outcomes; however, study quality was variable with the majority of studies receiving a weak rating. Conclusions High quality evidence regarding the efficacy and prescription of exercise in pancreatic cancer is lacking. Well-designed trials, which have received feedback and input from key stakeholders prior to implementation, are required to examine the impact of exercise in pancreatic cancer on key cancer related health outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of Sport-Based Interventions on Children’s Executive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Falonn Contreras-Osorio ◽  
Christian Campos-Jara ◽  
Cristian Martínez-Salazar ◽  
Luis Chirosa-Ríos ◽  
Darío Martínez-García
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

One of the most studied aspects of children’s cognitive development is that of the development of the executive function, and research has shown that physical activity has been demonstrated as a key factor in its enhancement. This meta-analysis aims to assess the impact of specific sports interventions on the executive function of children and teenagers. A systematic review was carried out on 1 November 2020 to search for published scientific evidence that analysed different sports programs that possibly affected executive function in students. Longitudinal studies, which assessed the effects of sports interventions on subjects between 6 and 18 years old, were identified through a systematic search of the four principal electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO. A total of eight studies, with 424 subjects overall, met the inclusion criteria and were classified based on one or more of the following categories: working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. The random-effects model for meta-analyses was performed with RevMan version 5.3 to facilitate the analysis of the studies. Large effect sizes were found in all categories: working memory (ES −1.25; 95% CI −1.70; −0.79; p < 0.0001); inhibitory control (ES −1.30; 95% CI −1.98; −0.63; p < 0.00001); and cognitive flexibility (ES −1.52; 95% CI −2.20; −0.83; p < 0.00001). Our analysis concluded that healthy children and teenagers should be encouraged to practice sports in order to improve their executive function at every stage of their development.

scholarly journals A protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis of thigmotactic behaviour in the open field test in rodent models associated with persistent pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e100135
Author(s):  
Xue Ying Zhang ◽  
Jan Vollert ◽  
Emily S Sena ◽  
Andrew SC Rice ◽  
Nadia Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Animal Pain ◽  
Trim And Fill ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThigmotaxis is an innate predator avoidance behaviour of rodents and is enhanced when animals are under stress. It is characterised by the preference of a rodent to seek shelter, rather than expose itself to the aversive open area. The behaviour has been proposed to be a measurable construct that can address the impact of pain on rodent behaviour. This systematic review will assess whether thigmotaxis can be influenced by experimental persistent pain and attenuated by pharmacological interventions in rodents.Search strategyWe will conduct search on three electronic databases to identify studies in which thigmotaxis was used as an outcome measure contextualised to a rodent model associated with persistent pain. All studies published until the date of the search will be considered.Screening and annotationTwo independent reviewers will screen studies based on the order of (1) titles and abstracts, and (2) full texts.Data management and reportingFor meta-analysis, we will extract thigmotactic behavioural data and calculate effect sizes. Effect sizes will be combined using a random-effects model. We will assess heterogeneity and identify sources of heterogeneity. A risk-of-bias assessment will be conducted to evaluate study quality. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s regression and trim-and-fill analysis. We will also extract stimulus-evoked limb withdrawal data to assess its correlation with thigmotaxis in the same animals. The evidence obtained will provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and limitations of using thigmotactic outcome measure in animal pain research so that future experimental designs can be optimised. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines and disseminate the review findings through publication and conference presentation.

Attenuation of maternal weight gain impacts infant birthweight: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bennett ◽  
R. E. Walker ◽  
M. L. Blumfield ◽  
J. Ma ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDespite many interventions aiming to reduce excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), it is currently unclear the impact on infant anthropometric outcomes. The aim of this review was to evaluate offspring anthropometric outcomes in studies designed to reduce GWG. A systematic search of seven international databases, one clinical trial registry and three Chinese databases was conducted without date limits. Studies were categorised by intervention type: diet, physical activity (PA), lifestyle (diet + PA), other, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diet, PA, lifestyle, metformin and other). Meta-analyses were reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) for birthweight and birth length, and risk ratio (RR) for small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia and low birth weight (LBW). Collectively, interventions reduced birthweight, risk of macrosomia and LGA by 71 g (WMD: −70.67, 95% CI −101.90 to −39.43,P<0.001), 16% (RR: 0.84, 95% CI 0.73–0.98,P=0.026) and 19% (RR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.69–0.96,P=0.015), respectively. Diet interventions decreased birthweight and LGA by 99 g (WMD −98.80, 95% CI −178.85 to −18.76,P=0.016) and 65% (RR: 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.72,P=0.004). PA interventions reduced the risk of macrosomia by 51% (RR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.92,P=0.036). In women with GDM, diet and lifestyle interventions reduced birthweight by 211 and 296 g, respectively (WMD: −210.93, 95% CI −374.77 to −46.71,P=0.012 and WMD:−295.93, 95% CI −501.76 to −90.10,P=0.005, respectively). Interventions designed to reduce excessive GWG lead to a small reduction in infant birthweight and risk of macrosomia and LGA, without influencing the risk of adverse outcomes including LBW and SGA.

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