scholarly journals Consequences of the COVID-19 Outbreak Lockdown on Non-Viral Infectious Agents as Reported by a Laboratory-Based Surveillance System at the IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3210
Author(s):  
Lanceï Kaba ◽  
Audrey Giraud-Gatineau ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Jimeno ◽  
Jean-Marc Rolain ◽  
Philippe Colson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Patient Recruitment ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Automatic Construction ◽  
Surveillance Activity ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

The objective of this paper is to describe the surveillance system MIDaS and to show how this system has been used for evaluating the consequences of the French COVID-19 lockdown on the bacterial mix of AP-HM and the antibiotic resistance. MIDas is a kind of surveillance activity hub, allowing the automatic construction of surveillance control boards. We investigated the diversity and resistance of bacterial agents from respiratory, blood, and urine samples during the lockdown period (from week 12 to 35 of 2020), using the same period of years from 2017 to 2019 as control. Taking into account the drop in patient recruitment, several species have exhibited significant changes in their relative abundance (either increasing or decreasing) with changes up to 9%. The changes were more important for respiratory and urine samples than for blood samples. The relative abundance in respiratory samples for the whole studied period was higher during the lockdown. A significant increase in the percentage of wild phenotypes during the lockdown was observed for several species. The use of the MIDaS syndromic collection and surveillance system made it possible to efficiently detect, analyze, and follow changes of the microbiological population as during the lockdown period.

scholarly journals Stability of Ethanol in Blood and Urine Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavka Mandić-Radić ◽  
Gordana Džingalašević ◽  
Nevena Luković
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Temperature Storage

Stability of Ethanol in Blood and Urine SamplesThe changes of ethanol concentrations in whole blood and urine samples were analyzed depending on temperatures and duration of storage. The aim of the study was to establish standards for the Institute laboratory. Samples of whole blood and urine, taken from drivers with excessive alcohol concentrations (6 groups, 15 samples per each), were analyzed upon delivery and then after storage during different time intervals and at different temperatures. The results showed that alcohol concentrations were significantly reduced with the increase of temperature and prolongation of storage. Only the whole blood samples stored for up to one month at -20 °C did not show significant changes. Room temperature storage of samples is the least suitable way of keeping them, independently of the duration of storage. Urines are not less reliable samples than blood. There are no ethanol differences between blood samples with and without sodium fluoride.

scholarly journals Detection of Toxoplasma gondii by Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification in Blood and Urine Samples from Women in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsamoual Ibrahim Ahmedani ◽  
Atif A Elagib ◽  
Khalil Mohamed ◽  
Jawahir Alghamdi ◽  
Akbar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is the disease which is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which has the ability to infect all warm-blooded animals. Several molecular techniques for the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii includes normal and Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and gene sequencing. Aim: To apply Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) for the diagnosis of T. gondii infections in urine and blood samples from female population in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, genomic DNA was extracted from 22 blood and urine samples (11 each), two LAMP assays based on B1 and Surface Antigen 2 (SAG2) genes of T. gondii was performed. Conventional PCR was done for the LAMP product followed by sequencing to confirm the specificity of LAMP method. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used to summarise continuous and categorical variables. Results: From 22 samples, 17 samples were LAMP positive in both urine and blood samples, four were negative in blood and positive in urine samples, and one was positive in blood and negative in urine. Sequencing of PCR product confirm the specificity of the method used. Conclusion: LAMP detection of T. gondii DNA is an appropriate, sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis from urine and blood specimens in humans.

scholarly journals Detection of Zika virus RNA in whole blood of imported Zika virus disease cases up to 2 months after symptom onset, Israel, December 2015 to April 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv Lustig ◽  
Ella Mendelson ◽  
Nir Paran ◽  
Sharon Melamed ◽  
Eli Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Infection Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Zika virus RNA presence in serum, whole-blood and urine samples from six Israeli travellers symptomatic for Zika virus disease was examined. Whole-blood samples were positive for as late as 2 months (58 days) post-symptom onset, longer than for urine (26 days) and serum (3 days). These findings suggest the utility of whole blood in Zika infection diagnosis.

scholarly journals The importance of 6-MAM levels and morphine/codeine ratio in diagnosis of death among drug addicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 607-611
Author(s):  
Vladimir Jaksic ◽  
Dijana Miric ◽  
Aleksandra Ilic ◽  
Suzana Matejic ◽  
Snezana Stevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Opioid Drugs ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Introduction/Objective. Heroin is metabolized to 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) and morphine. The objective of this study is to examine 6-MAM, morphine, and codeine relationships in order to distinguish deaths related to heroin consumption from deaths related to morphine and/or codeine consumption. Methods. The autopsy blood and urine samples from 45 opioid drug addicts were examined. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was applied to evaluate morphine, 6-MAM, and codeine. Two groups were formed: 6-MAM-positive (n = 35) and 6-MAM-negative (n = 10). Results. Compared to the 6-MAM-negative group, blood morphine levels were higher in the 6-MAMpositive group (p = 0.022), while blood codeine levels were similar (p = 0.575). In the 6-MAM-negative group, the blood morphine/codeine ratio was 8.3, and it was 4.3 in the 6-MAM-positive group. There was no difference between the groups regarding urine morphine levels (p = 0.859). The urine morphine/ codeine ratio was 6.2 in the 6-MAM-negative group, whilst it was 32.2 in the 6-MAM-positive group. In the blood samples, morphine and codeine concentrations were significantly correlated (r = 0.607; p = 0.006). In urine samples, correlations between morphine and codeine (r = 0.766; p < 0.001), morphine and 6-MAM (r = 0.650; p < 0.001), as well as codeine and 6-MAM (r = 0.620; p < 0.001), were also significant. Conclusion. Analyses of 6-MAM and morphine/codeine ratio in blood and urine autopsy samples may be used as diagnostic tools to distinguish deaths related to the consumption of different opioid drugs.

Simultaneous Determination of Epinephrine and Tyrosine Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Amplified with ZnO-Pt/CNTs Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Samadzadeh ◽  
Iran Sheikhshoaie ◽  
Hassan Karimi-Maleh
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Linear Dynamic ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Human Blood And Urine

Background: Simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine as two effective and important biological compounds in human blood and urine samples are very important for the investigation of human health. Objective: In this research, a highly effective voltammetric sensor fabricated for simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine. The sensor was fabricated by the modification of glassy carbon electrode with ZnO-Pt/CNTs nanocomposite (ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by SEM method. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE showed two separated oxidation signals at potential ~220 mV and 700 mV for epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. Also, we detected linear dynamic ranges 0.5-250.0 &#181;M and 1.0-220 &#181;M with a limit of detections 0.1 &#181;M and 0.5 &#181;M for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE was used for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine in blood serum and human urine samples.

scholarly journals Biochemical Assessment of Renal and Liver Function among Preeclamptics in Lagos Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba Ayodele Ekun ◽  
Oluwatumininu Mary Olawumi ◽  
Christian Chigozie Makwe ◽  
Nkeiruka Ogochukwu Ogidi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Specific Syndrome

Objectives. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome. Studies have shown that preeclampsia has multiorgan dysfunction effects. This study evaluated biomarkers of renal and liver function among preeclamptic Nigerian women. Study Design. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 49 preeclamptic women and 50 normotensive healthy pregnant women. Method. The baseline data comprising age, gestational age, and blood pressure were obtained. Venous blood and spot urine samples were collected from each participant. Plasma obtained from blood samples taken into lithium heparinized vacutainer bottles was assayed for electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and uric acid, while sera samples from blood samples taken into serum separation tube- (SST-) gel vacutainer were assayed for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase using ion selective electrode technique and Cobas autoanalyzer. Spot urine samples were assayed for protein and creatinine using Pyrogallol’s reagent and Jaffe’s methods, respectively. Microalbuminuria (protein/creatinine ratio) was generated from spot urine protein and creatinine data. Result. The plasma sodium, total protein, and albumin in preeclamptic group were significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared with control. There was statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in microalbuminuria, plasma potassium, urea, creatinine, uric acid levels, serum AST, and ALT activities in preeclamptic group. A positive association (p<0.05) between alanine aminotransferase and biomarkers of renal function was observed. Conclusion. Preeclampsia has deleterious effects on renal and liver function as shown by alteration of these parameters.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Exposure in a Low-Income Country: Screening Urine Samples for Presence of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance in Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Contaminants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e113055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Lerbech ◽  
Japheth A. Opintan ◽  
Samuel Oppong Bekoe ◽  
Mary-Anne Ahiabu ◽  
Britt Pinkowski Tersbøl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Low Income Country

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Morbidity Profile of Schistosoma Infection Among Adults in the Taabo Health and Demographic Surveillance System, South-central Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidèle K. Bassa ◽  
Ikenna C. Eze ◽  
Rufin K. Assaré ◽  
Clémence Essé ◽  
Siaka Koné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
South Central ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

Abstract Background: Schistosomiasis remains an important public health issue among adults and infected individuals not treated serve as a reservoir of the parasite. Despite this fact, evidence on the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in adults in Côte d’Ivoire is scanty. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of schistosomiasis among adults in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system in the south-central part of Côte d’Ivoire.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in April and May 2017 in the frame of the “Côte d’Ivoire Dual Burden of Disease Study” (CoDuBu). A total of 901 randomly selected individuals, aged 18-90 years, provided blood, stool and urine samples for the diagnosis of malaria and helminth infections. With an emphasis on schistosomiasis, stool samples were subjected to the Kato-Katz technique for detection of Schistosoma mansoni eggs, while urine samples were examined for eggs of Schistosoma haematobium and circulating cathodic antigen of S. mansoni. Risk factors and morbidity profiles were assessed using health examination and questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regressions were employed to identify independent risk factors and morbidity patterns associated with S. mansoni mono- and co-infections.Results: The prevalence of S. mansoni and S. haematobium was 23.2% and 1.0%, respectively. Most S. mansoni were mono-infections (81.3%). Independent determinants of S. mansoni infection were young age, low socioeconomic status (mono- and co-infection) and poor hygiene practices (co-infection). S. mansoni infection was independently associated with higher pain and symptom scores (mono-infection), poor self-rated health and low healthcare use (co-infection).Conclusions: This study showed that adults represent a substantial reservoir of S. mansoni. To sustain schistosomiasis control and improve people’s wellbeing, it is important to expand preventive chemotherapy from school-aged children to adults, coupled with hygiene and health education.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF A RAPID TEST WITH bPAG ELISA IN PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN COWS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475-1481
Author(s):  
O. I. Dana ◽  
R. H. Mukhtar ◽  
M. O. Mohammed ◽  
H. O. Dyary
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Calving Intervals ◽  
In Pregnancy

Early pregnancy detection is vital for properly managing livestock farms by re-inseminating nonpregnant females and minimizing the calving intervals. The present investigation was executed to compare a rapid test (Dairy Cow Pregnancy Test from Span Biotech Ltd. Shenzhen, China) with a commercial bPAG ELISA test (IDEXX®) for pregnancy diagnosis in non-descriptive cows. The study also aimed to elucidate if the rapid test could be an alternative method to ELISA in the field. Blood and urine samples were collected from 43 cows to measure the concentrations of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (bPAGs) in the blood samples and detect progesterone via the rapid test in the urine samples. Examining the genital tracts was achieved after slaughtering the cows to determine the uterus’ state, used as the reference standard for both tests. The results showed that the bPAG ELISA test was more accurate in pregnancy detection than the rapid test. However, there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between both methods’ results. We conclude that the rapid test can be a suitable alternative method to the bPAG ELISA test for diagnosing pregnancy in cows in field conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document