scholarly journals Association between Periodontal Diseases and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Fabiana Márquez-Arrico ◽  
Javier Silvestre-Rangil ◽  
Laura Gutiérrez-Castillo ◽  
Mayte Martinez-Herrera ◽  
Francisco Javier Silvestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Background: A convergent association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontal disease, in particular chronic periodontitis (CP), has recently been proposed. The underlying molecular mechanisms of this association are not fully understood, though it is thought that chronic inflammation is responsible. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal disease—gingivitis and CP—and PCOS. Materials and Methods: The PICO (Participants, Intervention, Control, and Outcomes) question was as follows: “Is there an association between PCOS and CP?” A systematic review of three databases—PubMed, Embase and Scopus—was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Original studies in human cohorts carried out in the last 10 years and including a control group were eligible for inclusion. Letters to the editor, case reports, and reviews were not considered. Results: Ten articles met all the selection criteria and provided a positive answer to the PICO question. Our review of these articles revealed an association between CP and PCOS, since periodontal parameters were altered more frequently in patients with these conditions than in healthy young women. This altered periodontal response in PCOS was associated with a proinflammatory status that seemed to increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. Conclusion: Patients with PCOS appear to be more susceptible to developing periodontal diseases than women without the pathology.

Association between periodontal disease and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S V Kellesarian ◽  
V R Malignaggi ◽  
T V Kellesarian ◽  
A A Al-Kheraif ◽  
M M Alwageet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Differential expression of long non-coding RNA Regulator of reprogramming and its molecular mechanisms in polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Zhang ◽  
Min Sang ◽  
Siqin Liu ◽  
Jing Shao ◽  
Yunjiang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gene Assay

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age. Multiple studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNA) play a role in PCOS. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA -Regulator of reprogramming (lncROR) in PCOS. Results Expression level of lncROR in PCOS patients was up-regulated, while level of miR-206 was down-regulated in comparison with control group (P < 0.001). Logistics regression analysis showed that lncROR and miR-206 were independent predictors of PCOS. The ROC curve showed that lncROR had a high diagnostic value for PCOS with an AUC value of 0.893. Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the expression level of miR-206 was negatively correlated with the level of lncROR. CCK-8 assay and apoptosis assay revealed that downregulation of lncROR up-regulated the expression of miR-206, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis. However, silencing the expression of miR-206 reversed the above effects caused by down-regulation of lncROR expression. Luciferase reporter gene assay suggested that there was a target relationship between lncROR and miR-206. VEGF was proved to be the target gene of miR-206. Conclusions Highly expressed lncROR indirectly up-regulated the expression of VEGF by down-regulating the expression of miR-206, thereby promoting the proliferation of KGN cells and inhibiting apoptosis, and further promoting the development of PCOS.

scholarly journals Metabolic profile of women with PCOS in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poli Mara Spritzer ◽  
Ramon Bossardi Ramos ◽  
Lucas Bandeira Marchesan ◽  
Monica de Oliveira ◽  
Enrico Carmina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Traits

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease affecting women of reproductive age and associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. Few studies are available regarding metabolic traits in Brazilian women with PCOS. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the available evidence regarding metabolic traits and comorbidities in Brazilian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase for cross-sectional, case–control, or cohort studies focusing on populations of different regions from Brazil, published until July 31, 2019. Studies were selected if they reported PCOS diagnostic criteria. Studies without a control group were included if they presented relevant metabolic data. Results Of 4856 studies initially identified, 27 were included in the systematic review and 12 were included in the meta-analysis, for a total of 995 women with PCOS defined by Rotterdam criteria and 2275 controls from different regions of Brazil. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and IGT were prevalent, and standard mean differences for BMI (SMD 0.67, 95% CI, 0.29, 1.05), waist circumference (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.02, 0.41), systolic (SMD 0.66, 95% CI 0.30, 1.01) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD 0.55, 95% CI 0.24, 0.87), glucose (SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.04, 0.38) and HOMA (SMD 0.78, 95% CI 0.52, 1.04) were significantly higher in Brazilian women with PCOS compared to controls. Lipid profile was more adverse in PCOS vs. non-PCOS women. Between-study heterogeneities were low/moderate for glucose and HOMA and moderate/high for the other variables. Conclusions The data of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that Brazilian women with PCOS have a worse metabolic profile than women without PCOS with no important regional differences. The prevalence of metabolic changes is intermediate in Brazil vs. other countries.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Unraveling the Conundrum in Skeletal Muscle?

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 5372-5381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel K Stepto ◽  
Alba Moreno-Asso ◽  
Luke C McIlvenna ◽  
Kirsty A Walters ◽  
Raymond J Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition affecting 8% to 13% of women across the lifespan. PCOS affects reproductive, metabolic, and mental health, generating a considerable health burden. Advances in treatment of women with PCOS has been hampered by evolving diagnostic criteria and poor recognition by clinicians. This has resulted in limited clinical and basic research. In this study, we provide insights into the current and future research on the metabolic features of PCOS, specifically as they relate to PCOS-specific insulin resistance (IR), that may affect the most metabolically active tissue, skeletal muscle. Current Knowledge PCOS is a highly heritable condition, yet it is phenotypically heterogeneous in both reproductive and metabolic features. Human studies thus far have not identified molecular mechanisms of PCOS-specific IR in skeletal muscle. However, recent research has provided new insights that implicate energy-sensing pathways regulated via epigenomic and resultant transcriptomic changes. Animal models, while in existence, have been underused in exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS and specifically in skeletal muscle. Future Directions Based on the latest evidence synthesis and technologies, researchers exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS, specifically in muscle, will likely need to generate new hypothesis to be tested in human and animal studies. Conclusion Investigations to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving IR in PCOS are in their early stages, yet remarkable advances have been made in skeletal muscle. Overall, investigations have thus far created more questions than answers, which provide new opportunities to study complex endocrine conditions.

scholarly journals Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in premenopausal women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

JGH Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-445
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shengir ◽  
Tianyan Chen ◽  
Elena Guadagno ◽  
Agnihotram V Ramanakumar ◽  
Peter Ghali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Urinary bisphenol A in women with polycystic ovary syndrome – a possible suppressive effect on steroidogenesis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zora Lazúrová ◽  
Jana Figurová ◽  
Beáta Hubková ◽  
Jana Mašlanková ◽  
Ivica Lazúrová
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Steroidogenesis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives There is a growing evidence indicating an impact of endocrine distrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) on human reproduction. Its higher levels in serum or urine have been documented in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), however the relationship to ovarian steroidogenesis remains unclear. Aim of the study was to compare urinary BPA (U-BPA) concentrations among PCOS women and control group. Second aim was to assess the relationship of U-BPA to ovarian steroidogenesis in the group with PCOS. Methods Eighty six Caucasian women (age 28.5 ± 5.1 years) diagnosed with PCOS and 32 controls of age 24.9 ± 4.4 years were included in the study. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters and steroid hormones. U-BPA was measured in the morning urine sample using high pressure liquid chromatography. Results PCOS women had significantly higher U-BPA as compared with control group (p=0.0001). Those with high levels of U-BPA (U-BPA ≥2.14 ug/g creatinine) demonstrated higher serum insulin (p=0.029) and HOMA IR (p=0.037), lower serum estrone (p=0.05), estradiol (p=0.0126), FSH (p=0.0056), and FAI (p=0.0088), as compared with low-BPA group (U- BPA <2.14 ug/g creatinine). In PCOS women, U-BPA positively correlated with age (p=0.0026; R2=0.17), negatively with estradiol (p=0.0001, R2=0.5), testosterone (p=0.0078, R2=0.15), free-testosterone (p=0.0094, R2=0.12) and FAI (p=0.0003, R2=0.32), respectively. Conclusions PCOS women have significantly higher U-BPA concentrations than healthy controls. U-BPA positively correlates with age and negatively with ovarian steroid hormones suggesting a possible suppressive effect of bisphenol A on ovarian steroidogenesis.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Biochemical Markers of Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Amiri ◽  
Fahimeh Tehrani ◽  
Razieh Bidhendi-Yarandi ◽  
Samira Behboudi-Gandevani ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractWhile several studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), associations between androgenic and metabolic parameters in these patients are unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationships between biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism (HA) and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2018 for assessing androgenic and metabolic parameters in PCOS patients. To assess the relationships between androgenic and metabolic parameters, meta-regression analysis was used. A total number of 33 studies involving 9905 patients with PCOS were included in this analysis. The associations of total testosterone (tT) with metabolic parameters were not significant; after adjustment for age and BMI, we detected associations of this androgen with low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) (β=0.006; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.01), high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C) (β=–0.009; 95% CI: –0.02, –0.001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β=–0.01; 95% CI: –0.03, –0.00). We observed a positive significant association between free testosterone (fT) and fasting insulin (β=0.49; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.91); this association remained significant after adjustment for confounders. We also detected a reverse association between fT and HDL-C (β=–0.41; 95% CI: –0.70, –0.12). There was a positive significant association between A4 and TG (β=0.02; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.04) after adjustment for PCOS diagnosis criteria. We also found significant negative associations between A4, TC, and LDL-C. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) had a positive association with LDL-C (β=0.02; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.03) and a reverse significant association with HDL-C (β=–0.03; 95% CI: –0.06, –0.001). This meta-analysis confirmed the associations of some androgenic and metabolic parameters, indicating that measurement of these parameters may be useful for predicting metabolic risk in PCOS patients.

scholarly journals The Relevant Hormonal Levels and Diagnostic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1831
Author(s):  
Elena Khashchenko ◽  
Elena Uvarova ◽  
Mikhail Vysokikh ◽  
Tatyana Ivanets ◽  
Lyubov Krechetova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Features

Relevance: The clinical picture of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is extremely polymorphic, especially in adolescence. At the same time, the diagnostic criteria of PCOS in adolescence are still under discussion, and the hormonal parameters, including anti-Mullerian hormone range and hyperandrogenism, are not determined. The aim of the present study was to characterize the pivotal clinical and hormonal features of PCOS in adolescents and to establish the age-specific thresholds of the most essential hormonal parameters. Design: A case-control study. Methods: The study included 130 girls with PCOS according to the complete Rotterdam criteria, aged 15 to 17 years. The control group consisted of 30 healthy girls with a regular menstrual cycle of the same age. A complete clinical and laboratory examination, hormonal assays, and ultrasound of the pelvic organs were performed. The serums anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/FSH, prolactin, estradiol, 17α-OH progesterone (17α-OHP), androstenedione, testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), leptin, and free androgen index (FAI) were analyzed. The diagnostic accuracy of AMH, FAI, LH/FSH, T, and androstenedione levels in predicting PCOS in adolescents was established using a logistic regression model and calculating area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Results: The serum levels of LH (9.0 (5.4–13.8) vs. 3.7 (2.5–4.7) IU/L; p < 0.0001), LH/FSH (1.6 (1.0–2.3) vs. 0.7 (0.5–1.1); p < 0.0001), 17α–OHP (4.1 (3.2–5.1) vs. 3.4 (2.7–3.8) nmol/L; p = 0.0071), cortisol (464.0 ± 147.6 vs. 284.0 ± 129.7 nmol/L; p < 0.0001), prolactin (266.0 (175.0–405.0) vs. 189.0 (142.0–269.0) mIU/L; p = 0.0141), T (1.9 (1.2–2.5) vs. 0.8 (0.7–1.1) nmol/L; p < 0.0001), androstenedione (15.8 (11.6–23.2) vs. 8.3 (6.5–10.8) ng/mL; p < 0.0001), AMH (9.5 (7.5–14.9) vs. 5.8 (3.8–6.9) ng/mL; p < 0.0001), FAI (5.5 (2.8–7.0) vs. 1.6 (1.1–2.3); p < 0.0001), SHBG (37.0 (24.7–55.5) vs. 52.9 (39.0–67.6) nmol/L; p = 0.0136), DHEAS (6.8 ± 3.2 vs. 5.1 ± 1.5 μmol/L; p = 0.0039), and leptin (38.7 ± 27.1 vs. 23.7 ± 14.0 ng/mL; p = 0.0178) were significantly altered in the PCOS patients compared to the controls. Multivariate analysis of all studied hormonal and instrumental parameters of PCOS in adolescents revealed as the most essential: AMH level > 7.20 ng/mL, FAI > 2.75, androstenedione > 11.45 ng/mL, total T > 1.15 nmol/L, LH/FSH ratio > 1.23, and the volume of each ovary > 10.70 cm3 (for each criterion sensitivity ≥ 75.0–93.0%, specificity ≥ 83.0–93.0%). The diagnostic accuracy of PCOS determination was 90.2–91.6% with the combined use of either four detected indexes, which was significantly higher than the use of each index separately. The accuracy of PCOS diagnostics reached 92% using AMH and leptin concentrations when the value of the logistic regression function [85.73 − (1.73 × AMH) − (0.12 × Leptin)] was less than 70.72. Conclusions: The results of the study estimate the threshold for AMH, FAI, androstenedione, testosterone, LH/FSH, and ovarian volume, which could be suggested for use in the PCOS diagnostics in adolescents with a high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the combination of either four determined indexes improved the diagnostic accuracy for the PCOS detection in adolescents.

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