Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi

The promising feature of the fungi from the marine environment as a source for anticancer agents belongs to the fungal ability to produce several compounds and enzymes which contribute effectively against the cancer cells growth. L-asparaginase acts by degrading the asparagine which is the main substance of cancer cells. Moreover, the compounds produced during the secondary metabolic process acts by changing the cell morphology and DNA fragmentation leading to apoptosis of the cancer cells. The current review has analyed the available information on the anticancer activity of the fungi based on the data extracted from the Scopus database. The systematic and bibliometric analysis revealed many of the properties available for the fungi to be the best candidate as a source of anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin, actinomycin, and flavonoids are among the primary chemical drug used for cancer treatment. In comparison, the most anticancer compounds producing fungi are Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus A. oryzae, A. flavus, A. versicolor, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, P. chrysogenum, and P. polonicum and have been used for investigating the anticancer activity against the uterine cervix, pancreatic cancer, ovary, breast, colon, and colorectal cancer.

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NBM-HD-1: A Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with Anticancer Activity

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/781417 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Wei-Jan Huang ◽

Yu-Chih Liang ◽

Shuang-En Chuang ◽

Li-Ling Chi ◽

Chi-Yun Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Xenograft Model ◽

Cyclin B1 ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Cell Cycle Regulators ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Gene Expressions

HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) have been developed as promising anticancer agents in recent years. In this study, we synthesized and characterized a novel HDACi, termed NBM-HD-1. This agent was derived from the semisynthesis of propolin G, isolated from Taiwanese green propolis (TGP), and was shown to be a potent suppressor of tumor cell growth in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and rat glioma cells (C6), with an IC50ranging from 8.5 to 10.3 μM. Western blot demonstrated that levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1), gelsolin, Ac-histone 4, and Ac-tubulin markedly increased after treatment of cancer cells with NBM-HD-1. After NBM-HD-1 treatment for 1–4 h, p-PTEN and p-AKT levels were markedly decreased. Furthermore, we also found the anticancer activities of NBM-HD-1 in regulating cell cycle regulators. Treatment with NBM-HD-1,p21(Waf1/Cip1)gene expression had markedly increased whilecyclin B1andD1gene expressions had markedly decreased. On the other hand, we found that NBM-HD-1 increased the expressions of tumor-suppressor genep53in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we showed that NBM-HD-1 exhibited potent antitumor activity in a xenograft model. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that this compound, NBM-HD-1, is a novel and potent HDACi with anticancer activityin vitroandin vivo.

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Advancements in the Use of Platinum Complexes as Anticancer Agents

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520621666210805150705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Rajiv Sharma ◽

Vikram Jeet Singh ◽

Pooja A Chawla

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Agents ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Platinum Complexes ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Platinum Compounds ◽

Anticancer Compounds ◽

Cellular Resistance ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Target Effects

Background: The platinum (II) complexes as anticancer agents have been well explored for the development of novel analogs. Yet, none of them achieved clinical importance in oncology. At present, anticancer compounds containing platinum (II) complexes have been employed in the treatment of colorectal, lung, and genitourinary tumors. Among the platinum-based anticancer drugs, Cisplatin (cis-diamine dichloroplatinum (II), cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]) is one of the most potent components of cancer chemotherapy. The nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity, and platinum compounds associated resistant cancer are some major disadvantages. Objective: With the rapidly growing interest in platinum (II) complexes in tumor chemotherapy, researchers have synthesized many new platinum analogs as anticancer agents that show better cytotoxicity, and less off-target effects with less cellular resistance. This follows the introduction of oxaliplatin, water-soluble carboplatin, multinuclear platinum and newly synthesized complexes, etc. Method: This review emphasizes recent advancements in drug design and development, the mechanism of platinum (II) complexes, their stereochemistry, current updates, and biomedical applications of platinum-based anticancer agents. Conclusion: In the last few decades, the popularity of platinum complexes as potent anti-cancer agents has risen as scientists have synthesized many new platinum complexes that exhibit better cytotoxicity coupled with less off-target effects.

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ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACTS FROM RIYADH (SAUDI ARABIA) ON MDA-MB-231 BREAST CANCER CELLS

African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines ◽

10.21010/ajtcam.v15i4.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fahd A. Nasr ◽

Nael Abutaha ◽

Mohammad Al-Zahrani ◽

Muhammad Farooq ◽

Mohammad A Wadaan

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Cell Integrity

Background: Medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases worldwide. There is a dire need for new anticancer agents and plants used in traditional medicine are a particularly useful source. Materials and methods: In this study, extracts of five different plants that grow in the desert of Saudi Arabia were evaluated to assess their cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. Soxhlet extraction was carried out on the leaves and stems using different solvents. The cytotoxicity of these extracts against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was assessed using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. The apoptotic cellular morphological changes were observed using inverted and fluorescence microscopes. Results: Our results showed that two of the five different medicinal plants (Rumex vesicarius and Malva parviflora) exhibited strong anticancer activity against the breast cancer cells. Specifically, 2 of the 40 extracts (from the five studied plants) showed promising activity. The chloroform extract of the stem of R. vesicarius (RSV CHCL3) exhibited moderate anticancer activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 230 µg/mL while that of the hexane extract of M. parviflora stems (MPS Hex) was 248 µg/mL. Loss of cell integrity, shrinkage of the cytoplasm, and cell detachment were observed in the extract-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: R. vesicarius and M. parviflora chloroform and n-hexane stem extracts showed significant cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells.

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Antitumor Potential of Marine and Freshwater Lectins

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md18010011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elena Catanzaro ◽

Cinzia Calcabrini ◽

Anupam Bishayee ◽

Carmela Fimognari

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Complete Healing ◽

Anticancer Compounds ◽

Freshwater Organisms ◽

Regulated Cell Death ◽

Antitumor Potential ◽

Unique Source

Often, even the most effective antineoplastic drugs currently used in clinic do not efficiently allow complete healing due to the related toxicity. The reason for the toxicity lies in the lack of selectivity for cancer cells of the vast majority of anticancer agents. Thus, the need for new potent anticancer compounds characterized by a better toxicological profile is compelling. Lectins belong to a particular class of non-immunogenic glycoproteins and have the characteristics to selectively bind specific sugar sequences on the surface of cells. This property is exploited to exclusively bind cancer cells and exert antitumor activity through the induction of different forms of regulated cell death and the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Thanks to the extraordinary biodiversity, marine environments represent a unique source of active natural compounds with anticancer potential. Several marine and freshwater organisms, ranging from the simplest alga to the most complex vertebrate, are amazingly enriched in these proteins. Remarkably, all studies gathered in this review show the impressive anticancer effect of each studied marine lectin combined with irrelevant toxicity in vitro and in vivo and pave the way to design clinical trials to assess the real antineoplastic potential of these promising proteins. It provides a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation as well as the experimental conclusions that can be drawn.

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Novel 11-Substituted Ellipticines as Potent Anticancer Agents with Divergent Activity against Cancer Cells

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph12020090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 90 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Charlotte M. Miller ◽

Elaine C. O’Sullivan ◽

Florence O. McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Natural Product ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Cellular Growth ◽

Growth Effects

Ellipticines have well documented anticancer activity, in particular with substitution at the 1-, 2-, 6- and 9-positions. However, due to limitations in synthesis and coherent screening methodology the full SAR profile of this anticancer class has not yet been achieved. In order to address this shortfall, we have set out to explore the anticancer activity of this potent natural product by substitution. We currently describe the synthesis of novel 11-substituted ellipticines with two specific derivatives showing potency and diverging cellular growth effects.

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Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of the anti-cancer activity on A549 lung cancer cells of a series of unsaturated disulfides

MedChemComm ◽

10.1039/c8md00503f ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 116-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fabrizio Olivito ◽

Nicola Amodio ◽

Maria Luisa Di Gioia ◽

Monica Nardi ◽

Manuela Oliverio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Lung Cancer Cells ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Natural Analogue ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

A549 Lung ◽

Cancer Activity

In this work we synthesized and tested a series of unsaturated disulfides. Two compounds showed a promising anticancer activity in vitro on A549 lung cancer cells compared to the natural analogue.

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Combretastatin A-4 inspired novel 2-aryl-3-arylamino-imidazo-pyridines/pyrazines as tubulin polymerization inhibitors, antimitotic and anticancer agents

MedChemComm ◽

10.1039/c3md00357d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 766-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Nitesh Sanghai ◽

Vaibhav Jain ◽

Ranjan Preet ◽

Somnath Kandekar ◽

Sarita Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Tubulin Polymerization ◽

Chromosomal Damage ◽

Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors

Novel 2-aryl-3-arylamino-imidazo-pyridines/pyrazines that exhibit potent tubulin polymerization inhibition, anticancer activity, anti-migration of cancer cells, chromosomal damage, and apoptosis have been developed.

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Current developments in the Pyran-Based Analogues as Anticancer Agents

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520621666211119090302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Parul Grover ◽

Monika Bhardwaj ◽

Lovekesh Mehta ◽

Garima Kapoor ◽

Pooja A. Chawla

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Agents ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Anticancer Compounds ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Privileged Structure ◽

Different Types

: Heterocyclic compounds offer an enormous area for new lead molecules for drug discovery. Till today, efforts are being continuously made to find appropriate treatment for the management of the deadly disease of cancer. Amongst the large number of heterocycles that are found in nature, heterocycles having oxygen obtained noteworthy attention due to their distinctive and pharmacological activities.‘Pyran’ is one of the most significant non-aromatic, six-membered ring composed of one oxygen atom and five carbon atoms. It is considered a privileged structure since pyran and its related derivatives exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities. Pyran derivatives are found to have excellent anti-cancer properties against various types of cancer. The present review focussed on the current advances in different types of pyran-based derivatives as anti-cancer agents. Various in-vitro (cell based testing), in-vivo (animal based testing) models as well as molecular docking along with results are also covered. A subsection describing briefly natural pyran containing anticancer compounds is also incorporated in the review.

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Potential Therapeutic Applications of C-Phycocyanin

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200220666191127110857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 967-976 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Saira M. Bannu ◽

Dakshayani Lomada ◽

Surendra Gulla ◽

Thummala Chandrasekhar ◽

Pallu Reddanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Molecular Mechanism ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Cell Cycle Progression ◽

Cycle Progression ◽

Therapeutic Applications ◽

Anti Cancer

Background: Cancer and other disorders such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases and diabetes are the major health problems observed all over the world. Therefore, identifying a therapeutic target molecule for the treatment of these diseases is urgently needed to benefit public health. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is an important light yielding pigment intermittently systematized in the cyanobacterial species along with other algal species. It has numerous applications in the field of biotechnology and drug industry and also possesses antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, enhanced immune function, including liver and kidney protection properties. The molecular mechanism of action of C-PC for its anticancer activity could be the blockage of cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Objectives: The current review summarizes an update on therapeutic applications of C-PC, its mechanism of action and mainly focuses on the recent development in the field of C-PC as a drug that exhibits beneficial effects against various human diseases including cancer and inflammation. Conclusion: he data from various studies suggest the therapeutic applications of C-PC such as anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenic activity and healing capacity of certain autoimmune disorders. Mechanism of action of C-PC for its anticancer activity is the blockage of cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. The future perspective of C-PC is to identify and define the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which would shed light on our knowledge on therapeutic applications of C-PC and may contribute significant benefits to global public health.

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Synthesis of Novel 1,2-Dihydro-1,2,4-Triazin-6(5H)-one Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407215666191022123310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1116-1131

Author(s):

Tarawanti Verma ◽

Manish Sinha ◽

Nitin Bansal

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Activity ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Heterocyclic Compounds ◽

High Dose ◽

Single High Dose ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Privileged Structure ◽

Drug Discovery Program ◽

Cancer Agent ◽

Anticancer Drug Discovery

Introduction: Cancer is still an untreatable disease and the second leading cause of death globally. The heterocyclic compounds have always played a major role in the anticancer drug discovery program. 1,2,4-Triazine-6-ones is a heterocyclic privileged structure with diversified activities. In the presented study, 21 novel 2,5-disubstituted-3-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6 (5H)-one derivatives (13(a-k), 18(a-j) and 21(a1-a4, b)) have been synthesized and tested for their anticancer activity. Methods: The 2,5-disubstituted-3-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6(5H)-one derivatives (13(a-k), 18(a-j) and 21(a1-a4, b) were synthesized by refluxing substituted-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one and hydrazine derivatives. Substituted aldehydes were synthesized via Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, while substituted- 2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives were synthesized by Erlenmeyer Plochl azlactone synthesis. Twenty-one compounds were selected and screened at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA, for anticancer activity at a single high dose (10-5M) in full NCI 60 cell panel assay. Results and Conclusion: The selected compounds (13a, 13b, 13c, 13f, 13h, 13i, 13j, 18h, 18i, 21a4) were found to be active against different cancer cell lines. The compound, 5-((5-chloro-3-methyl-1- phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-2-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-3-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6(5H)-one (13a) was found to be a potent anti-cancer agent as electron-rich moiety on phenyl at position 2 of triazine nucleus, having a great impact on anticancer activity.

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