scholarly journals Effects of the Mg/Si Ratio on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Precipitation Behavior of Al–Mg–Si–1.0 wt %-Zn Alloys

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Guanjun Gao ◽  
Zhaodong Wang ◽  
Hongshuang Di ◽  
Jiadong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zn Alloys

Aluminum alloys are widely used as first-choice materials for lightweight automotive applications. It is important that an alloy have a balance between strength and formability. In this study, the alloys were melted, cast, hot rolled, and cold rolled into 1 mm-thick sheets. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and precipitation behavior of Al–Mg–Si–1.0 wt %-Zn alloys with Mg/Si ratios of 0.5, 1, and 2 after solution treatment were studied using optical and electron microscopy, a tensile test, the Vickers hardness test, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that a high density and number of Al–Fe–Si particles were observed in the matrix, thus causing the formation of more homogeneous and smaller recrystallized grains after treatment with the solution. In addition, a higher volume fraction of cubeND and P-types texture components formed during solution treatment. Also, a high r value and excellent deep drawability were achieved in the medium-Mg/Si-ratio alloy. The formation of denser strengthening precipitates led to a better paint-bake hardening effect in comparison with the other two alloys. Furthermore, the precipitation kinetics were enhanced by the addition of Si, and the addition of Zn did not alter the precipitation sequence of the Al–Mg–Si alloy. The dual-phase strengthening effect was not achieved in the studied alloys during paint-bake treatment at 175 °C.

Effect of Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Extruded Cu-15Ni-8Sn Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1156-1162
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Chao Zhao ◽  
Yan Gen Yu ◽  
Zong Qiang Luo ◽  
Wei Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Annealing Twins ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
Electronic Microscope

The effects of solution treatment on the microstructure evolution of hot-extruded Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile testing, and the effects of solution temperature and time on the mechanical properties of the alloys were analyzed. The results indicated that, the γ-phases precipitated at first and then dissolved with the extension of the solution time during solutionizing at 800 C,the volume fraction of theγ-phase reached its peak at about 1h. However when solutionizing at 860°C, theγ-phase solely dissolved gradually with the extension of the solution time . In addition, a small amount of annealing twins appeared intragranular in the process of solution treatment. The γ-phase dissolution and the grain growth of α (Cu) were the main softening factors of the alloy during the solution treatment. Through overall consideration, the optimum solution treatment was annealing at 840°Cfor 1 h.

Mechanical Properties of Ti-Fe-Sn Biomedical Alloys with or without Aging Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 2423-2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Hosoda ◽  
Kenta Kasuya ◽  
Masaki Tahara ◽  
Tomonari Inamura ◽  
Shuichi Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Α Phase

In order to develop new β (bcc) Ti alloys, the Ti-Fe-Sn system was focused and phase constitution, microstructure, mechanical properties of Ti-5mol%Fe-6mol%Sn and Ti-6mol%Fe-3mol%Sn were clarified in addition to aging effect. It was estimated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) that α phase is formed at temperature from 773-779K and that β transus temperature is 1019K in both the alloys. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that, in both alloys, β single phase is formed after the solution treatment (ST) at 1273K followed by water quenching, while α phase is formed after the aging at 773K and 873K for 3.6ks. The formation of α phase is also confirmed by optical microscopy. The volume fraction of α phase reaches to 90% in Ti-5Fe-6Sn and 80% in Ti-6Fe-3Sn after the aging at 873K for 3.6ks. The 0.2% proof stress was increased by aging at 873K from 550MPa to 650MPa in Ti-5Fe-6Sn and 500MPa to 690MPa in Ti-6Fe-3Sn. Besides, apparent Young’s modulus measured by dynamic mechanical analysis was raised by the aging treatment. These changes in the mechanical properties were discussed in connection with α phase precipitation.

Effects of Er on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Er-Zr Magnesium Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qu Dong Wang ◽  
Da Quan Li ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Wen Jiang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zr Alloy ◽  
Zr Alloys

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Er-Zr alloys were characterized in detail. The grain size of as-cast Mg-Zn-Er-Zr alloy was greatly decreased by the Mg-Zn-Er phases formed at grain boundaries. The addition of Er can increase the yield strength (YS) but decrease the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation of as-cast Mg-Zn-Zr alloy. The thermally stable Mg-Zn-Er phases were just partially dissolved into the matrix during solution treatment. And the addition of Er can prolong the precipitation process of Mg-Zn-Zr alloy. Solution-plus-ageing treatment can increase the strength of both the Mg-Zn-Zr and Mg-Zn-Er-Zr alloys, but the strengthening effect of Mg-Zn-Er-Zr alloy was greatly weakened, for the incompletely solution of Mg-Zn-Er phases. Er can greatly enhance the high temperature elongation of Mg-Zn-Zr alloy, but the increase of high temperature tensile strength was just a little.

Effect of Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in an Al-9.3Zn-2.0Mg-1.8Cu Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 606-610
Author(s):  
Kai Wen ◽  
Bai Qing Xiong ◽  
Yong An Zhang ◽  
Xi Wu Li ◽  
Zhi Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Phase ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Treatment Parameter ◽  
The Matrix

The microstructure solution treated by various temperatures of 2h in as-extruded Al-9.3Zn-2.0Mg-1.8Cu alloy was investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The mechanical properties treated at 465oC for various times were tested by room temperature tensile mechanical properties test. The results indicated that second phase of the as-extruded alloy mainly consists of Mg (Zn,Cu,Al)2 and Fe-rich phases. Mg (Zn,Cu,Al)2 phase completely dissolved into the matrix solution treated at 465oC or higher for 2h while residual phase was mainly Fe-rich phase. The mechanical properties treated at 465oC for various time were tested and optimized solution treatment parameter was chosen as 465°C/1.5h.

Effects of manganese on microstructure and mechanical properties of A206 alloys containing iron

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2243-2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Jung Tseng ◽  
Sheng-Long Lee ◽  
Sheng-Chuan Tsai ◽  
Chia-Jen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Chinese Script ◽  
Phase Precipitation ◽  
Strengthening Phase ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Matrix

The effects of Mn and Fe contents on the mechanical properties of aluminum-based A206 alloys were investigated quantitatively. Results showed that the addition of Fe caused a loss in both ductility and yield strength. Further addition of Mn could recover the ductility, but it caused a further loss in yield strength. In low-Mn alloys (0.29 wt% Mn) the primary constituent was the needle shape of Cu2FeAl7. Upon further addition of Mn, the Chinese script configuration of Mn-bearing particles formed instead. The Cu2Mn3Al20 particles formed in high-Mn alloys during solution treatment and resulted in grain-growth inhibition. The needle, Mn-bearing, and Cu2Mn3Al20 particles caused the solid solution level of copper in the matrix to decrease; meanwhile, increasing the Mn solution level retarded the precipitation of the strengthening phase. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses showed the kinetics and amount of decrease in θ′ phase precipitation when the contents of Fe and/or Mn were increased. The smaller grain size induced by the Cu2Mn3Al20 particles and the θ′ phase were the factors that determined the hardness of A206 alloys under as-quenched and T7-treated conditions, respectively.

Effect of Solid Solution Time on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ81-4Gd Magnesium Alloy

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Ying Guo ◽  
Ping Li Mao ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Chang Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Mg17al12 Phase ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Recrystallized Grain Size

The effect of solid solution treatment at temperature of 415oC and different holding time prior aging at 168oC for 16 hours on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ81-4Gd magnesium alloy were analyzed by X-ray and SEM. The results demonstrated that with increasing the solid solution time the primary β-Mg17Al12 phase dissolve in the matrix eventually. While the holding time increases to 20 hrs, the primary β-Mg17Al12 phase was completely vanished, but Al2Gd phase kept unchanged with increasing the holding time. In the mean while, the volume fraction of the β-Mg17Al12 phase precipitated during aging increased at first with increasing the holding time then decreased. Moreover, subgrains and twins began to form within the α grain matrix when the solid solution time increased to 12hrs, and the subgains parallele with each other or in the shape of oval. Increasing the solid solution time to 20 hrs the microstructure change dramatically and consist of very fine recrystallized α grains. Futher increasing the holding time the recrystallized grain size increased accordingly. The mechanical properties testing results showed that when the solid solution time increased to 24 hrs the ultimate tensile strength of AZ81-4Gd magnesium alloy was 270 MPa and the elongation was 11.6% respectively.

The Investigation on Aluminium Alloys Automobile Wheel with Low-Titanium Content Produced by Electrolysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Pei Xie ◽  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
Zhong Xia Liu ◽  
Ai Qin Wang ◽  
Yong Gang Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
A356 Alloy ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Automobile Wheel

The in-situ Ti alloying of aluminium alloys was fulfilled by electrolysis, and the material was made into A356 alloy and used in automobile wheels. The results show that the grains of the A356 alloy was refined and the second dendrites arm was shortened due to the in-situ Ti alloying. Trough 3-hour solution treatment and 2-hour aging treatment for the A356 alloy, the microstructures were homogeneous, and Si particles were spheroid and distribute in the matrix fully. The outstanding mechanical properties with tensile strength (σb≥300Mpa) and elongation values (δ≥10%) have been obtained because the heat treatment was optimized. Compared with the traditional materials, tensile strength and elongation were increased by 7.6~14.1% and 7.4~44.3% respectively. The qualities of the automobile wheels were improved remarkably.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Novel Low-Cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe Alloy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3798
Author(s):  
Meng Sun ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yanhua Guo ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuecheng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of titanium alloys, a novel low-cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe (Ti-35421) titanium alloy was developed. The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the new alloy was investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Ti-35421 alloy consists of a lamina primary α phase and a β phase after the solution treatment at the α + β region. After aging treatment, the secondary α phase precipitates in the β matrix. The precipitation of the secondary α phase is closely related to heat treatment parameters—the volume fraction and size of the secondary α phase increase when increasing the solution temperature or aging time. At the same solution temperature and aging time, the secondary α phase became coarser, and the fraction decreased with increasing aging temperature. When Ti-35421 alloy was solution-treated at the α + β region for 1 h with aging surpassing 8 h, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of the area were achieved in a range of 1172.7–1459.0 MPa, 1135.1–1355.5 MPa, 5.2–11.8%, and 7.5–32.5%, respectively. The novel low-cost Ti-35421 alloy maintains mechanical properties and reduces the cost of materials compared with Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V-4Cr-2Zr (Ti-B19) alloy.

scholarly journals Microstructure and mechanical properties of slowly cooled Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Das ◽  
S. Pauly ◽  
C. Duhamel ◽  
B.C. Wei ◽  
J. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Yield Strength ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Martensite Matrix

Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 was prepared by arc melting and solidified in situ by suction casting into 2–5-mm-diameter rods under various cooling rates (200–2000 K/s). The microstructure was investigated along the length of the rods by electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical properties were investigated under compression. The microstructure of differently prepared specimens consists of macroscopic spherical shape chemically inhomogeneous regions together with a low volume fraction of randomly distributed CuZr B2 phase embedded in a 2–7 nm size clustered “glassy-martensite” matrix. The as-cast specimens show high yield strength (1721 MPa), pronounced work-hardening behavior up to 2116 MPa and large fracture strain up to 12.1–15.1%. The fracture strain decreases with increasing casting diameter. The presence of chemical inhomogenities and nanoscale “glassy-martensite” features are beneficial for improving the inherent ductility of the metallic glass.

Influences of the γ′ Phase on the Mechanical Properties of a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Wang ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Zhi Xun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Single Crystal Superalloy ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Solid Solution Treatment ◽  
The Matrix

After solid solution treatment at 1335°C for 4 hours and cooling to room temperature at different rate, the nickel-based single crystal superalloy were made into three kinds of nickel-based single crystal superalloy materials containing different size γ′ phases, respectively. The tensile test of I-shaped specimens was carried out at 980°C, and their effect of γ′ phase microstructure on the tensile properties was studied. The results show that the yielding strength of the material air-cooled to room temperature was lower than that with cooling rate at 0.15°C/s, but both of them were lower than the yielding strength of original material. Little difference was found on the elastic modulus of I-shaped specimens made of three kinds of materials. When the cubic degree of the γ′ phase is higher and the size is larger, the tensile properties of the material is better, which can be attributed to the larger size and narrower channel of the matrix phase that lead to higher dislocation resistance.

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