scholarly journals Lime Treatment of Coal Bottom Ash for Use in Road Pavements: Application to El Jadida Zone in Morocco

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad El Moudni El Alami ◽  
Raja Moussaoui ◽  
Mohamed Monkade ◽  
Khaled Lahlou ◽  
Navid Hasheminejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Lime Treatment

Industrial waste causes environmental, economic, and social problems. In Morocco, the Jorf Lasfar Thermal Power Station produces two types of coal ash with enormous quantities: fly ash (FA) and Bottom ash (BA). FA is recovered in cement while BA is stored in landfills. To reduce the effects of BA disposal in landfills, several experimental studies have tested the possibility of their recovery in the road construction, especially as a subbase. In the first phase of this study, the BA underwent a physicochemical and geotechnical characterization. The results obtained show that the BA should be treated to improve its mechanical properties. The most commonly used materials are lime and cement. In the selected low-cost treatment, which is the subject of the second phase of the study, lime is used to improve the low pozzolanicity of BA while calcarenite sand is used to increase the compactness. Several mixtures containing BA, lime, and calcarenite sand were prepared. Each of these mixtures was compacted in modified Proctor molds and then subjected to a series of tests to study the following characteristics: compressive strength, dry and wet California Bearing Ratio (CBR), dry density and swelling. The composition of each mixture was based on an experimental design approach. The results show that the values of the compressive strength, the dry density, and the CBR index have increased after treatment, potentially leading to a valorization of the treated BA for use in a subbase.

Compressive Strength and Density of Cementless Unfired Lightweight Brick Utilizing Coal Ash from Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 527-531
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ezad Hafez Mohd Pahroraji ◽  
Hamidah Mohd Saman ◽  
Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat ◽  
Kartini Kamaruddin ◽  
Ahmad Faiz Abdul Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The World ◽  
Blastfurnace Slag

Millions tons of coal ash which constitute of fly ash and bottom ash were produced annually throughout the world. They were significant to be developed as masonry brick to substitute the existing widely used traditional material such as clay and sand brick which were produced from depleting and dwindling natural resources. In the present study, the coal ash from coal-fired thermal power plant was used as the main raw material for the fabrication of cementless unfired lightweight brick. The binder comprising of Hydrated Lime (HL)-activated Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag (GGBS) system at binding ratio 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30 were used to stabilize the coal ash in the fabrication process of the brick. Foam was used to lightweight the brick. The compressive strength and ambient density were evaluated on the brick. The results indicated that the brick incorporating HL-GGBS system achieved higher strength of 20.84N/mm2 at 28 days compare to the HL system with strength of 13.98N/mm2 at 28 days. However, as the quantity of foam increase at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, the strength and density for the brick decreased.

scholarly journals Design Experiment for Leveraging Material Value Coal Ash as Material Mixture of Paving Block

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Harris Setyo Fernanto ◽  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Water Absorption Test

The coal-fired thermal power plant is the main source of coal ash production. Coal ash collected at the bottom of the furnace (boiler) is called coal bottom ash (CBA) and fly ash remaining combustion called coal fly ash (CFA). In Indonesia, the utilization of bottom ash and fly ash generally is still limited to landfill material due to the value of the material too low. The objective of this research is to leverage the value of the utilization of bottom ash and fly ash materials as a mixer of construction industry products. Design of Experiment (DoE) was conducted on paving block product using various experimental factors such as composition of sand, cement, bottom ash, fly ash, and curing period of product. This Design of Experiment (DoE) applied orthogonal array to finding the best mixed compositions that affect the quality of the end result. After it, the proof was performed with a compressive strength test and water absorption test to meet the standard requirements. Testing compressive strength of paving block was done at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days to get the best result.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ambiently-Cured Blended Coal Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Tian Yu Xie ◽  
Togay Ozbakkaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Blended Coal ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of fly ash-, bottom ash-, and blended fly and bottom ash-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) cured at ambient temperature. Four bathes of GPC were manufactured to investigate the influence of the fly ash-to-bottom ash mass ratio on the microstructure, compressive strength and elastic modulus of GPC. All the results indicate that the mass ratio of fly ash-to-bottom ash significantly affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of GPCs

scholarly journals The initial research on the compressive strength of mortar when using bottom ash from thermal power plants to replace natural sand in construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Hung Van Nguyen ◽  
Son Truong Bui ◽  
Hai Huu Phung ◽  
Ha Ngoc Thi Pham ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Mortar Sample ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Initial Research ◽  
Masonry Mortar

The paper presents the compressive strength of mortar samples when replacing natural sand by bottom ash of An Khanh and Cao Ngan thermal power plants (TPPs) in Thai Nguyen province. Experimental research is the main method applied in this research. Research results show that replacing natural sand by bottom ash in the two TPPs, the compressive strength of samples reached the required mortar’s strength. The compressive strength of the mortar sample replaced all-natural sand, particularly for masonry mortar and plastering mortar, is 10.9 MPa and 16.4 MPa respectively for An Khánh TTP, and 12.7 MPa and 12.6 MPa for Cao Ngan TTP, while the compressive strength of the motar used all natural sand, reached 13.2 MPa and 8.6 MPa.

scholarly journals Influence of Lime for Enhancing Characteristics of Expansive Soils in Road Works

2021 ◽  
Vol 1197 (1) ◽  
pp. 012077
Author(s):  
K.S Chamberlin ◽  
M. Rama Rao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Slaked Lime ◽  
Black Cotton Soils

Abstract Expansive soils are found in black cotton soils, which swell or shrink in volume when presented to changes in moisture content. Lime treatment is exhaustively used to increment the properties of sensitive and fragile soils. One of the hugest clarifications behind using lime is to decline the developing presentation of the earth soil. The arrangement of extra safeguards improves the reaction of quicklime (CaO) with water, structures hydrated (slaked) lime (Ca (OH)2), and thus earth characteristics. The vast inadequacy of employing lime is growing the deficiency of lime offset earth. Following that, the goal of this study is to see how re-establishing time affects the geotechnical qualities of settled Black cotton soils with lime. These discoveries recommend that adding Lime as a stabilizer works on the strength of black cotton soil. Some of the characteristics of the soil likely to be increased by using stabilizer in this work are UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength) at different curing periods (7,14,28 and 56 days), CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value at unsoaked and soaked and MDD (Maximum Dry Density) decrease at different lime percentages(%) like 2.4.6.8 and 10. The result showed here untreated soil got stabilized by using the stabilizer in certain extent In this adjustment various rates of cementitious material is added to black cotton soil and directed tests like plasticity, compaction, swell pressure, free swell index(FSI), Coefficient of permeability (k) and CBR(soaked and unsoaked) at various conditions like OMC,OMC+2% water and OMC+5% water, UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength) was performed. From the test results, it is identified that the stabilization agent decreases plasticity and improves strength characteristics. Addition of stabilizing agent makes the black cotton soil to non-plastic, non-swelling and attains increase CBR values which are greater than 25% for a dosage of 10% lime at OMC but remaining OMC+2%water & OMC+5%water CBR values are not various much difference as per test results. With the addition of lime, the black cotton soil becomes non-plastic, non-swelling, and has high strengths. Treated soils are used as a development material, for example, a subgrade layer in the development of adaptable asphalt pavements for roads.

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Loess Stabilized with Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwang Ma ◽  
Qi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Split Tensile Strength

This research investigated the use of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a reinforcement to improve mechanical properties of loess soil found in northwestern China. The mechanical properties of loess were determined by unconfined compressive strength and split tensile strength tests. Three different contents of CMC were adopted: 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. The results showed that utilizing CMC reduced the maximum dry density of the loess. The compressive strength, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus are enough to construct low-rise buildings when the CMC content exceeds 1.0%, based on existing standards. This research thus provides a prospective sustainability method for loess stabilization.

scholarly journals Leaching characteristics of wastes from Kemerkoy (Mugla-Turkey) power plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Ash Disposal

A main problem related to coal ash disposal is the heavy metal content of the residue. In this regard, experimental results of numerous studies have indicated that toxic trace metals may leach when fly ash and bottom ash contacts with water. In this study, fly ash and bottom ash samples obtained from Kemerköy thermal power plant, located on the south-western coast of Turkey, were subjected to toxicity tests such as the extraction procedures (EP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedures (TCLP) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), the so-called Method A extraction procedure of the American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM). When Pb and Cd concentrations, analysed according to EP and TCLP, were considered, Kemerköy fly and bottom ash can be classified as a hazardous waste under the principles of the Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Based on the geochemical analyses carried out, it was also determined that several toxic trace elements, such as Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Co were enriched at the fly and bottom ash of Kemerköy thermal power plant.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Abu Dasar Batubara Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus pada Campuran Latasir B Terhadap Karakteristik Marshall

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roza Gusman
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Total Proportion

Penggunaan Abu Dasar Batubara Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus pada Campuran Latasir B Terhadap Karakteristik MarshallBasic Use of Coal Ash to Replace Some Fine Aggregate on Characteristics of Mixed Latasir B MarshallRoza Gusman1 & Alik Ansyori21,2Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik – Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat korespondensi : Jalan Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144AbstractCoal bottom ash is the residue from the burning of coal in thermal power plants. The use of coal bottom ash as an alternative material mix pavement is one way to take advantage of these residues. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use and the quantity of coal bottom ash as partial replacement of fine aggregate characteristics that meet the requirements for mixed marshall latasir B. Partial replacement of fine aggregate with coal bottom ash is made with a variation of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35% of the total proportion of fine aggregate. Results of the study note that the use of coal bottom ash generally improves the quality mix latasir B. Latasir mixture B which has the characteristics of the best marshal is on the basis of coal ash content of 17.2%.Keywords: latasir B asphalt mixtures, coal bottom ash, marshall characteristics. AbstrakBottom ash batubara adalah residu dari pembakaran batubara di pembangkit listrik termal . Penggunaan batubara bawah abu sebagai alternatif campuran bahan perkerasan adalah salah satu cara untuk mengambil keuntungan dari residu tersebut . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan dan kuantitas bawah abu batubara sebagai pengganti parsial karakteristik agregat halus yang memenuhi persyaratan untuk campuran marshall latasir B. pengganti parsial agregat halus dengan bottom ash batubara dibuat dengan variasi 5 % , 10 % , 15 % , 20 % , 25 % , 30 % , dan 35 % dari total proporsi agregat halus . Hasil penelitian mencatat bahwa penggunaan bottom ash batubara umumnya meningkatkan kualitas campuran latasir B. Latasir campuran B yang memiliki karakteristik marshal terbaik adalah berdasarkan kadar abu batubara dari 17,2 % .Kata kunci : campuran aspal B latasir , bawah batubara abu , karakteristik marshall .

Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer: Green Material in Carbon-Constrained Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Hoc Thang Nguyen ◽  
Phong Thanh Dang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Alumino Silicate

Climate change is recognized as a global problem and even the industrial and construction sectors are trying to reduce the green-house gas emissions, especially on CO2 emissions. In Vietnam, the coal-fired thermal power plants are discharging millions of tons of CO2 and coal ash annually. This coal ash is comprised of about 80% of fly ash and the rest is bottom ash. This study would like to introduce one of the potential solutions in a carbon-constrained society that would not only manage the fly ash but also utilized this as raw material for green materials through geopolymerization. The geopolymer-based material has lower energy consumption, minimal CO2 emissions and lower production cost as it valorizes industrial waste. The fly ash containing high alumino-silicate resources from a coal-fired power plant in Vietnam was mixed with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solutions to obtain the geopolymeric pastes. The pastes were molded in 10x10x20cm molds and then cured at room temperature for 28 days. The 28-day geopolymer specimens were carried out to test for engineering properties such as compressive strength (MPa), volumetric weight (kg/m3), and water absorption (kg/m3). The microstructure analysis was also conducted for this eco-friendly materials using X ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Differential Thermal Analysis - Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA).

Effect of Coal Ash Properties on Compressive Strength of Bottom Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Yu Xie ◽  
Togay Ozbakkaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Strength Gain

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of bottom ash-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) cured at ambient temperature. A total of five bathes of bottom ash-based GPC were manufactured. The influence of the particle size and chemical composition of bottom ash on the compressive strength of GPC was investigated. The results indicate that the investigated parameters significantly affect the 28-day compressive strength of bottom ash-based GPCs. It is also found that the strength gain of ambiently-cured coal ash-based GPCs continues beyond the concrete age of 28 days.

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