3D Printing in Heterogeneous Catalysis—The State of the Art

This paper describes the process of additive manufacturing and a selection of three-dimensional (3D) printing methods which have applications in chemical synthesis, specifically for the production of monolithic catalysts. A review was conducted on reference literature for 3D printing applications in the field of catalysis. It was proven that 3D printing is a promising production method for catalysts.

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State-of-the-Art Review on Additive Manufacturing Technology in Railway Infrastructure Systems

Journal of Composites Science ◽

10.3390/jcs6010007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Hao Fu ◽

Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Railway Track ◽

Component Design ◽

Exploratory Stage ◽

Art Research ◽

Manufacturing Technologies

Additive manufacturing technologies, well known as three-dimensional printing (3DP) technologies, have been applied in many industrial fields, including aerospace, automobiles, shipbuilding, civil engineering and nuclear power. However, despite the high material utilization and the ability to rapidly construct complex shaped structures of 3D printing technologies, the application of additive manufacturing technologies in railway track infrastructure is still at the exploratory stage. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art research of additive manufacturing technologies related the railway track infrastructure and discusses the challenges and prospects of 3D printing technology in this area. The insights will not only help the development of 3D printing technologies into railway engineering but also enable smarter railway track component design and improve track performance and inspection strategies.

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Three-dimensional bioprinting speeds up smart regenerative medicine

National Science Review ◽

10.1093/nsr/nww037 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 331-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Qi Gu ◽

He Zhu ◽

Jing Li ◽

Xia Li ◽

Jie Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

High Resolution ◽

3D Printing ◽

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Control Cell ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Manufacturing Technology ◽

The State ◽

Additive Manufacturing Technology

Abstract Biological materials can actively participate in the formation of bioactive organs and can even control cell fate to form functional tissues that we name as the smart regenerative medicine (SRM). The SRM requires interdisciplinary efforts to finalize the pre-designed organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, as an additive manufacturing technology, has been widely used in various fields due to its high resolution and individuation. In SRM, with the assistance of 3D printing, cells and biomaterials could be precisely positioned to construct complicated tissues. This review summarizes the state of the SRM advances and focuses in particular on the 3D printing application in biofabrication. We further discuss the issues of SRM development and finally propose some approaches for future 3D printing, which involves SRM.

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Efficient 3D printing via photooxidation of ketocoumarin based photopolymerization

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23170-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Zhao ◽

Ye Zhao ◽

Ming-De Li ◽

Zhong’an Li ◽

Haiyan Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Visible Light ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Printer ◽

Light Penetration ◽

Viable Solution

AbstractPhotopolymerization-based three-dimensional (3D) printing can enable customized manufacturing that is difficult to achieve through other traditional means. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to achieve efficient 3D printing due to the compromise between print speed and resolution. Herein, we report an efficient 3D printing approach based on the photooxidation of ketocoumarin that functions as the photosensitizer during photopolymerization, which can simultaneously deliver high print speed (5.1 cm h−1) and high print resolution (23 μm) on a common 3D printer. Mechanistically, the initiating radical and deethylated ketocoumarin are both generated upon visible light exposure, with the former giving rise to rapid photopolymerization and high print speed while the latter ensuring high print resolution by confining the light penetration. By comparison, the printed feature is hard to identify when the ketocoumarin encounters photoreduction due to the increased lateral photopolymerization. The proposed approach here provides a viable solution towards efficient additive manufacturing by controlling the photoreaction of photosensitizers during photopolymerization.

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Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3149

Author(s):

Angelika Zaszczyńska ◽

Maryla Moczulska-Heljak ◽

Arkadiusz Gradys ◽

Paweł Sajkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Scaffold Fabrication ◽

Manufacturing Techniques ◽

Printing Techniques ◽

State Of Art

Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.

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Hydrogel-Based Bioinks for Three-Dimensional Bioprinting: Patent Analysis

Materials Proceedings ◽

10.3390/iocps2021-11239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Ahmed Fatimi

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Patent Analysis ◽

The State ◽

Driving Factors ◽

3D Bioprinting ◽

Preparation Methods

There are a variety of hydrogel-based bioinks commonly used in three-dimensional bioprinting. In this study, in the form of patent analysis, the state of the art has been reviewed by introducing what has been patented in relation to hydrogel-based bioinks. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the patentability of the used hydrogels, their preparation methods and their formulations, as well as the 3D bioprinting process using hydrogels, have been provided by determining publication years, jurisdictions, inventors, applicants, owners, and classifications. The classification of patents reveals that most inventions intended for hydrogels used as materials for prostheses or for coating prostheses are characterized by their function or properties Knowledge clusters and expert driving factors show that biomaterials, tissue engineering, and biofabrication research is concentrated in the most patents.

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Algorithm to Reduce Leading and Lagging in Conformal Direct-Print

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4040730 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Morteza Vatani ◽

Faez Alkadi ◽

Jae-Won Choi

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

3D Model ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Motion Direction ◽

B Spline ◽

And Topology ◽

Printing System ◽

3D Printed ◽

Printed Patterns

A novel additive manufacturing algorithm was developed to increase the consistency of three-dimensional (3D) printed curvilinear or conformal patterns on freeform surfaces. The algorithm dynamically and locally compensates the nozzle location with respect to the pattern geometry, motion direction, and topology of the substrate to minimize lagging or leading during conformal printing. The printing algorithm was implemented in an existing 3D printing system that consists of an extrusion-based dispensing module and an XYZ-stage. A dispensing head is fixed on a Z-axis and moves vertically, while the substrate is installed on an XY-stage and moves in the x–y plane. The printing algorithm approximates the printed pattern using nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves translated directly from a 3D model. Results showed that the proposed printing algorithm increases the consistency in the width of the printed patterns. It is envisioned that the proposed algorithm can facilitate nonplanar 3D printing using common and commercially available Cartesian-type 3D printing systems.

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Additive Manufacturing of Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: An Overview, Potential Applications, Advancements, and Trends

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2021/4907027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dhinakaran Veeman ◽

M. Swapna Sai ◽

P. Sureshkumar ◽

T. Jagadeesha ◽

L. Natrayan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Porous Scaffolds ◽

Wide Range ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

As a technique of producing fabric engineering scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printing has tremendous possibilities. 3D printing applications are restricted to a wide range of biomaterials in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Due to their biocompatibility, bioactiveness, and biodegradability, biopolymers such as collagen, alginate, silk fibroin, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, and starch are used in a variety of fields, including the food, biomedical, regeneration, agriculture, packaging, and pharmaceutical industries. The benefits of producing 3D-printed scaffolds are many, including the capacity to produce complicated geometries, porosity, and multicell coculture and to take growth factors into account. In particular, the additional production of biopolymers offers new options to produce 3D structures and materials with specialised patterns and properties. In the realm of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), important progress has been accomplished; now, several state-of-the-art techniques are used to produce porous scaffolds for organ or tissue regeneration to be suited for tissue technology. Natural biopolymeric materials are often better suited for designing and manufacturing healing equipment than temporary implants and tissue regeneration materials owing to its appropriate properties and biocompatibility. The review focuses on the additive manufacturing of biopolymers with significant changes, advancements, trends, and developments in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering with potential applications.

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3D Printing of Thermo-Sensitive Drugs

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13091524 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1524

Author(s):

Sadikalmahdi Abdella ◽

Souha H. Youssef ◽

Franklin Afinjuomo ◽

Yunmei Song ◽

Paris Fouladian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Future Directions ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Printing Technique ◽

3D Printed ◽

Semi Solid ◽

Selection Of

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is among the rapidly evolving technologies with applications in many sectors. The pharmaceutical industry is no exception, and the approval of the first 3D-printed tablet (Spiratam®) marked a revolution in the field. Several studies reported the fabrication of different dosage forms using a range of 3D printing techniques. Thermosensitive drugs compose a considerable segment of available medications in the market requiring strict temperature control during processing to ensure their efficacy and safety. Heating involved in some of the 3D printing technologies raises concerns regarding the feasibility of the techniques for printing thermolabile drugs. Studies reported that semi-solid extrusion (SSE) is the commonly used printing technique to fabricate thermosensitive drugs. Digital light processing (DLP), binder jetting (BJ), and stereolithography (SLA) can also be used for the fabrication of thermosensitive drugs as they do not involve heating elements. Nonetheless, degradation of some drugs by light source used in the techniques was reported. Interestingly, fused deposition modelling (FDM) coupled with filling techniques offered protection against thermal degradation. Concepts such as selection of low melting point polymers, adjustment of printing parameters, and coupling of more than one printing technique were exploited in printing thermosensitive drugs. This systematic review presents challenges, 3DP procedures, and future directions of 3D printing of thermo-sensitive formulations.

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4D Printing: A Review on Recent Progresses

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi11090796 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 796 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Honghui Chu ◽

Wenguang Yang ◽

Lujing Sun ◽

Shuxiang Cai ◽

Rendi Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Complex Structures ◽

Future Prospects ◽

4D Printing ◽

Stimulation Method ◽

Shape Property ◽

External Stimuli

Since the late 1980s, additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, has been gradually popularized. However, the microstructures fabricated using 3D printing is static. To overcome this challenge, four-dimensional (4D) printing which defined as fabricating a complex spontaneous structure that changes with time respond in an intended manner to external stimuli. 4D printing originates in 3D printing, but beyond 3D printing. Although 4D printing is mainly based on 3D printing and become an branch of additive manufacturing, the fabricated objects are no longer static and can be transformed into complex structures by changing the size, shape, property and functionality under external stimuli, which makes 3D printing alive. Herein, recent major progresses in 4D printing are reviewed, including AM technologies for 4D printing, stimulation method, materials and applications. In addition, the current challenges and future prospects of 4D printing were highlighted.

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A Review Study on Mechanical Properties of Obtained Products by FDM Method and Metal/Polymer Composite Filament Production

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2020/6187149 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ümit Çevik ◽

Menderes Kam

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Polymer Composite ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Production Method ◽

Context Analysis ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Composite Filament ◽

Metal Polymer

In addition to traditional manufacturing methods, Additive Manufacturing (AM) has become a widespread production technique used in the industry. The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method is one of the most known and widely used additive manufacturing techniques. Due to the fact that polymer-based materials used as depositing materials by the FDM method in printing of parts have insufficient mechanical properties, the technique generally has limited application areas such as model making and prototyping. With the development of polymer-based materials with improved mechanical properties, this technique can be preferred in wider application areas. In this context, analysis of the mechanical properties of the products has an important role in the production method with FDM. This study investigated the mechanical properties of the products obtained by metal/polymer composite filament production and FDM method in detail. It was reviewed current literature on the production of metal/polymer composite filaments with better mechanical properties than filaments compatible with three-dimensional (3D) printers. As a result, it was found that by adding reinforcements of composites in various proportions, products with high mechanical properties can be obtained. Thus, it was predicted that the composite products obtained in this way can be used in wider application areas.

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