scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in Continuous Sedentary Behavior in Community—Dwelling Japanese Adults: A Pilot Study

Medicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Chiaki Uehara ◽  
Nobuyuki Miyatake ◽  
Shuhei Hishii ◽  
Hiromi Suzuki ◽  
Akihiko Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Japanese Adults

Background: Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to clarify seasonal changes in SB including continuous SB (CSB) in community-dwelling Japanese adults. Methods: In this secondary analysis, a total of 65 community-dwelling Japanese adults (7 men and 58 women, 69 (50–78) years) were enrolled. SB (%), including CSB (≥30 min) as well as physical activity, were evaluated using a tri-accelerometer. The differences in these parameters between baseline (summer) and follow-up (winter) were examined. Results: %CSB and %SB at baseline were 20.5 (4.0–60.9) and 54.0 ± 11.5, respectively. CSB was significantly increased (6.6%), and SB was also increased (5.1%) at follow-up compared with baseline. In addition, there were positive relationships between changes in CSB and SB, and body weight and body mass index. Conclusions: These results suggest that there were significant seasonal changes in CSB and SB in community-dwelling Japanese adults.

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior’s Association With Body Weight in Korean Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wi-Young So
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Study Results

The purpose of this study was to examine whether physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior were related to weight status in Korean adolescents. A total of 72,399 students in Grades 7–12 participated in the 5th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2009. Body mass index, PA, and sedentary behavior were assessed by the KYRBWS-V. The study results show that boys had higher PA and less sedentary behavior than did girls (p < .01). The amounts of vigorous PA (p < .001), moderate PA (p < .001), moderate PA for at least 60 min (p < .001), exercise for muscle strength (p < .001), walking on a weekday (p < .001), and walking on a weekend (p = .012) were less in boys who were more obese than the other boys. The time spent sitting on a weekday (p < .001) and weekend (p < .001) was higher in more obese individuals in boys. Exercise for muscle strength (p = .011) was less in girls who were more obese. Time spent sitting on a weekday (p = .005) and weekend (p < .001) was higher in more obese individuals in girls. However, vigorous PA (p < .001), moderate PA (p < .001), moderate PA for at least 60 min (p = .003), and walking on a weekday (p < .001) were higher for the more obese girls. PA and sedentary behavior could be independent factors that reduce or prevent obesity in Korean adolescents.

Impact of physical activity, protein intake and social network and their combination on the development of frailty

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-346
Author(s):  
Sandra Haider ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Deborah Drgac ◽  
Christine Mogg ◽  
Moritz Oberndorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Geriatric Condition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Frailty is a geriatric condition associated with adverse health outcomes. As physical inactivity, low protein intake and poor social network are known risk factors, we aimed to assess the influence of these parameters and their interaction in an 11-year follow-up study on a Europe-wide level. Methods Data from the Study on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used, including 22 226 community-dwelling robust and prefrail persons aged ≥50 years, from 11 countries. Frailty was assessed with the ‘Frailty Instrument for Primary care of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe’. Additionally, self-reported physical activity (PA), protein intake and satisfaction with social network were assessed. The impact of these parameters on the development of frailty was calculated using multivariate cox regressions. Results Performing no regular PA, was associated with higher hazards ratio (HRs) for frailty compared with performing regular PA [men: 1.90 (95%CI: 1.50–2.42); women: 1.65 (95%CI: 1.25–2.18)]; HRs for low protein intake were 1.16 (95%CI: 0.93–1.46) for men and 1.05 (95%CI: 0.80–1.37) for women. And HR for poor social network were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.74–1.15) for men and 1.72 (95%CI: 1.31–2.27)] for women. In general, persons with a combination of two of the assessed risk factors had a higher risk for frailty compared with those with no or only one of the risk factors. However, no significant synergy index could be found. Conclusion The results illustrate the importance of PA, but also of nutritional and social network to prevent frailty.

scholarly journals Effects of Substituting Sedentary Behavior with Light-Intensity or Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity on Obesity Indices in Adults: A Prospective Short-Term Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13335
Author(s):  
Bárbara de Barros Gonze ◽  
Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin ◽  
Evandro Fornias Sperandio ◽  
Rodolfo Leite Arantes ◽  
Marcello Romiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Obesity Indices

Background: Sedentary behavior (SB) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that there may be benefits of replacing SB with light-intensity (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity. Substituting SB with LIPA and MVPA might be associated with body composition changes. Methods: We assessed body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat body mass (FBM), and physical activity level, as well as one-year changes, in 780 adults (EPIMOV Study). Results: We analyzed into 10-min blocks SB, LIPA, MVPA, and total wear time. After 14 ± 3 months of follow-up, there were 242 completed procedures. We reallocated time spent in SB to LIPA or MVPA and assessed cross-sectional and prospective associations with the outcomes using isotemporal substitution models. In cross-sectional analysis, substituting 10-min blocks of SB with MVPA led to significant decreases of 1.23 kg in body weight, 0.30 kg/m² in BMI, and 0.38% in FBM. 10-min blocks substituting SB with LIPA produced significantly lower body weight (1 kg) and BMI (0.1 kg/m²) values. In longitudinal analysis, reallocating SB to MVPA was only associated with FBM decline (−0.31%). Conclusions: Substituting SB with MVPA is associated with significant improvement in obesity indices in both cross-sectional and follow-up. Replacing SB with LIPA produced a less consistent impact.

Influence of Physical Activity on Age-Related Weight Loss in the Elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy C. Stephen ◽  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Age Related

Background:Little is known about the effects of physical activity on weight loss in older adults.Methods:Participants included 4512 community-dwelling older (≥65 yr) men and women from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Physical activity (PA) was determined from a questionnaire at baseline and subjects were divided into sex-specific PA quartiles. Weight was measured at baseline and annually over the 8 years of follow-up. The influence of PA on longitudinal changes in body weight was examined using mixed models while adjusting for lifestyle variables, sociodemographic characteristics, and disease status.Results:Body weight declined in a curvilinear manner over time with accelerated weight loss occurring in the final years. Over the 8 yr follow-up period, the least active PA quartile lost 2.72 kg. Weight loss was attenuated by 0.55 kg (20%, P = .057), 0.80 kg (29%, P = .05), and 0.69 kg (25%, P = .016) within the second through fourth PA quartiles. The effects of PA did not differ by gender, but increased with advancing age.Conclusion:Participation in modest amounts of PA attenuated age-related weight loss by approximately 25% with little additional benefit observed at higher PA levels. This finding adds to the growing number of health outcomes that are positively affected by PA.

scholarly journals Effect of Children’s Weight Status on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during Physical Education, Recess, and After School

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2651
Author(s):  
Zachary C. Pope ◽  
Charles Huang ◽  
David Stodden ◽  
Daniel J. McDonough ◽  
Zan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
After School ◽  
Healthy Weight

Children’s body mass index may affect physical activity (PA) participation. Therefore, this study examined the effect of children’s weight status on underserved elementary school children’s PA and sedentary behavior (SB) throughout the segmented day. Participants were 138 children (X¯age = 8.14 years). Children’s height and weight were measured with subsequent classification of children as healthy weight or overweight/obese. Durations of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and SB during physical education (PE), morning recess, lunch recess, after school, and overall were assessed via accelerometry over three days. Independent t-tests evaluated differences in children’s MVPA, LPA, and SB during each daily segment by weight status. Significantly higher MVPA was observed for children of healthy weight status versus children with overweight/obesity during morning recess, t(136) = 2.15, p = 0.03, after school, t(136) = 2.68, p < 0.01, and overall, t(136) = 2.65, p < 0.01. Interestingly, comparisons of children of healthy weight status and children with overweight/obesity’s LPA and SB during the after-school segment revealed a trend wherein children with overweight/obesity participated in slightly greater LPA/less SB than children of healthy weight status. Higher MVPA was observed among children of healthy weight versus children with overweight/obesity during most daily segments. Concerted efforts should focus on increasing MVPA among children with overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals The Trp64Arg Polymorphism of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Not Associated with Body Weight or Body Mass Index in Japanese: A Longitudinal Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 5914-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Matsushita ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsumura ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
The Cross

Abstract The β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. Although many studies have examined the relationship between the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 and obesity, the results have been inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional relationship of ADRB3 variants with indexes of obesity, and their longitudinal changes over 10 yr, in men and women, aged 40–69 yr, who were randomly selected from the Japanese rural population. The study considered both dietary energy intake and physical activity levels. Among the 746 participants, the genotype frequencies of the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg variants were 483, 224, and 39, respectively. The cross-sectional analysis showed no significant differences in height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterols, and hemoglobin A1c among the genotype groups even after adjustments for gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and energy intake. No significant differences in the weight changes between the genotype groups were evident in the longitudinal analysis. We conclude that the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 has little or no influence on either body weight or body mass index in the general Japanese population.

scholarly journals Walkable Urban Design Attributes and Japanese Older Adults’ Body Mass Index: Mediation Effects of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽  
Andrew T. Kaczynski ◽  
Tomoki Nakaya ◽  
Ai Shibata ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Walk Score ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine associations between objectively measured walkable urban design attributes with Japanese older adults’ body mass index (BMI) and to test whether objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior mediated such associations. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Matsudo City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Participants: Participants were 297 older residents (aged 65-84 years) randomly selected from the registry of residential addresses. Measures: Walkable urban design attributes, including population density, availability of physical activity facilities, intersection density, and access to public transportation stations, were calculated using geographic information systems. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and BMI were measured objectively. Analysis: The relationships of walkable urban design attributes, Walk Score®, and BMI were examined by multiple linear regression with adjustment for covariates in all models. Mediation effects of the physical activity and sedentary behavior variables in these relationships were tested using a product-of-coefficients test. Results: Higher population density and Walk Score® were associated with lower BMI. Light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activities partially mediated the relationships between these walkable urban design attributes and BMI. Conclusions: Developing active-friendly environmental policies to (re)design neighborhoods may not only promote active transport behaviors but also help in improving residents’ health status in non-Western contexts.

scholarly journals Abdominal obesity: prevalence, sociodemographic- and lifestyle-associated factors in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian R. Tebar ◽  
Luiz Carlos M. Vanderlei ◽  
Catarina C. Scarabotollo ◽  
Edner F. Zanuto ◽  
Bruna T. C. Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Obesity Prevalence

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and its associated factors among adolescents, independent of confounders. Method: A sample of 14–17-year-old individuals (n=1.231), who were students from Londrina/PR-Brazil public schools, was studied. A questionnaire about physical activity, sedentary behaviour and socioeconomic conditions was applied. Anthropometry was composed of body weight (kg), height (m), body mass index (BMI=kg/m²) and waist circumference (cm). The association of abdominal obesity and independent variables was assessed using the chi-square test and the magnitude of associations was verified using Binary Logistic Regression in an unadjusted model and adjusted for confounders (gender, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behaviour). The confidence interval and statistical significance were set at 95% and 5%, respectively, using SPSS v15.0. Results: The abdominal obesity prevalence was 17.5% (CI = 15.4%–19.6%), and was higher in boys than in girls. Adolescents with abdominal obesity had higher values of body weight, height, body mass index and sedentary behaviour compared to eutrophic individuals. Being male increased the risk of abdominal obesity by 36% in adolescents. This risk was two times higher in those with high levels of sedentary behaviour. Conclusion: Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with gender and high levels of sedentary behaviour, regardless of confounding factors. Lifestyle habits are important modifiable risk factors that can effectively contribute to the reduction of obesity from an early age.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Perceived Body Image, Body Mass Index and Physical Activity with Weight Status among Students at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Futoon S. Alobiri ◽  
Roaa A. Alharbi ◽  
Mohammed R. Algethami ◽  
Raghdah H. Ateeq ◽  
Aseel M. Badurayq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Aim: Identify the relation between poor esteem for body image and weight-related behaviors. The results will help increase awareness and improve students’ lifestyles to have a better body image and achieve ideal body weight. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among King Abdulaziz University medical students (n= 460) between July to the end of August 2019. Data was collected using the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), figure rating scale (FRS) and analyzed using SPSS software. Result: The results showed that the average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.80 ± 11.89. Participant sex was an important factor influencing the prevalence of obesity; male students were more obese than female students with a significant difference (p<0.001). The level of body satisfaction was also affected by gender. Students in preclinical years were more likely to gain weight more than clinical years students. Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between body satisfaction and gender (P<0.0001) despite having diverse BMIs. Overweight and obese males and females' participants had the lowest body satisfaction. Females who were too thin and had low BMIs described themselves as normal, while males describe themselves as too thin. Conversely, females with high BMIs described themselves as too fat, while males described themselves as normal. This could be due to different factors. Also, underweight females and males have high body satisfaction, which can lead to dangerous behaviors to maintain low body weight which cause negative health consequences.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Before and After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Longitudinal Prospective Study in a Rural Village Struck by the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110477
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Del Brutto ◽  
Robertino M. Mera ◽  
Denisse A. Rumbea ◽  
Pedro Pérez ◽  
Bettsy Y. Recalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Information on the body composition of inhabitants of remote communities during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is limited. Using a longitudinal population-based study design, we assessed the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and changes in body composition. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults living in a rural Ecuadorian village received body composition determinations before and 1 year after the pandemic as well as serological tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The independent association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and abnormalities in body composition at follow-up was assessed by fitting linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Results: Of 327 enrolled individuals, 277 (85%) received baseline and follow-up body composition determinations, and 175 (63%) of them became SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Overall, diet and physical activity deteriorated during the follow-up. Multivariate random-effects generalized least squares regression models that included the impact of time and seropositivity on follow-up body composition, showed that neither variable contributed to a worsening in body composition. Multivariate logistic regression models disclosed that the serological status at follow-up cannot be predicted by differences in body composition and other baseline covariates. Conclusions: Study results suggest no increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection among older adults with abnormal body composition and no significant changes as a result of worse physical activity and dietary habits or seropositivity during the length of the study. Together with a previous study in the same population that showed decrease in hand-grip strength after SARS-CoV-2, results confirm that dynapenia (and not sarcopenia) is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in older adults.

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