scholarly journals Polyamines: Functions, Metabolism, and Role in Human Disease Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Narashans Alok Sagar ◽  
Swarnava Tarafdar ◽  
Surbhi Agarwal ◽  
Ayon Tarafdar ◽  
Sunil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Healthy Cell ◽  
Optimum Quantity ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Living Organisms

Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are the important polyamines (PAs), found in all living organisms. PAs are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they facilitate cell growth and development via different cellular responses. PAs are the integrated part of the cellular and genetic metabolism and help in transcription, translation, signaling, and post-translational modifications. At the cellular level, PA concentration may influence the condition of various diseases in the body. For instance, a high PA level is detrimental to patients suffering from aging, cognitive impairment, and cancer. The levels of PAs decline with age in humans, which is associated with different health disorders. On the other hand, PAs reduce the risk of many cardiovascular diseases and increase longevity, when taken in an optimum quantity. Therefore, a controlled diet is an easy way to maintain the level of PAs in the body. Based on the nutritional intake of PAs, healthy cell functioning can be maintained. Moreover, several diseases can also be controlled to a higher extend via maintaining the metabolism of PAs. The present review discusses the types, important functions, and metabolism of PAs in humans. It also highlights the nutritional role of PAs in the prevention of various diseases.

Title- Role of herbal products in curing Vitiligo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Pratik Talukder ◽  
Tiasha Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Skin Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Destruction Of Melanocytes

Plants produce a wide diversity of secondary metabolites which serve them as defence compounds against herbivores, and other plants and microbes, but also as signal compounds. In general, secondary metabolites exhibit a wide array of biological and pharmacological properties. Because of this, some plants or products isolated from them have been and are still used to treat infections, health disorders or diseases. Vitiligo is a skin disorder that is caused due to oxidative stress in the body resulting in the destruction of melanocytes, which are the cells responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. On their destruction the skin gets depigmented resulting in patches of skin losing their colour. In this review we focus on how plant based herbal products help in curing vitiligo.

scholarly journals Emerging concepts regarding pannexin 1 in the vasculature

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda E. Good ◽  
Daniela Begandt ◽  
Leon J. DeLalio ◽  
Alexander S. Keller ◽  
Marie Billaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
The Body ◽  
Purinergic Signalling ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Pannexin 1 ◽  
Knockout Animals

Pannexin channels are newly discovered ATP release channels expressed throughout the body. Pannexin 1 (Panx1) channels have become of great interest as they appear to participate in a multitude of signalling cascades, including regulation of vascular function. Although numerous Panx1 pharmacological inhibitors have been discovered, these inhibitors are not specific for Panx1 and have additional effects on other proteins. Therefore, molecular tools, such as RNA interference and knockout animals, are needed to demonstrate the role of pannexins in various cellular functions. This review focuses on the known roles of Panx1 related to purinergic signalling in the vasculature focusing on post-translational modifications and channel gating mechanisms that may participate in the regulated release of ATP.

scholarly journals PERAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM

Perspektif ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Denny Erica ◽  
Haryanto Haryanto ◽  
Mari Rahmawati ◽  
Irwin Ananta Vidada
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
State Of Nature ◽  
Role Of Parents

From an Islamic point of view, children are a mandate given by Allah to their parents, to provide good and healthy education, involving families is a place for children to learn, communicate, communicate, and behave towards the environment associated with it, and a children will always need a lot of attention and affection from both parents. The role of parents in the development of early childhood education from an Islamic point of view must be able to provide an explanation of all the children born in a state of nature, instill monotheism and aqeedah truly to children, teach children to help prayer, teach children to read the Koran, motivate children to always pray, teach children to always be grateful, motivate children to worship at the mosque, teach children to always be naked, teach children to always maintain the cleanliness of the body, and teach children to love each other God's creatures. By involving parents in providing education that contains Islamic religious values, it is expected that these early childhood children can support the process of adaptation to the outside environment, bearing in mind that these early childhood have strong character and faith in the process of development of growth and development for child.

scholarly journals An Overview of Iron Metabolism in Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Nabiyev Abdusamat Utkurovich
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Health And Disease

Human iron metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain human homeostasis of iron at the systemic and cellular level. Iron is both necessary to the body and potentially toxic. Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. Iron deficiency states are the reason for a decrease in working capacity, an increase in susceptibility to viral diseases, especially in children and cause growth and development retardation. Iron overload and poisoning lead to the activation of processes that can cause cell death. Timely diagnosis of disorders of iron metabolism and subsequent monitoring of treatment require knowledge of not only pathophysiological mechanisms, but also methodological capabilities and correct interpretation of clinical and biochemical parameters of iron metabolism.

scholarly journals ROLE OF DEEPANA PACHANA KARMA IN MANAGEMENT OF RASAPRADOSHAJA VIKARAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Ashrita S ◽  
Shivaprasad Hudeda
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Proper Functioning ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Whole Tree

For a tree to stand erect with its branches, its roots must be strengthened by nourishing them timely such that the whole tree receives proper nourishment for its growth and development. Similarly, the Tridoshas, Saptha Dhatus and Tri-Malas are the roots strengthening this body when nourished timely. The Dosha-Dhatu-Mala in their state of normalcy enhances the strength of the body which is inferred through their respective physiological functions. This is achieved under the influence of two factors that is- Ahara and Agni. Ayurveda has endowed the function of thermogenesis and metabolism in the body to Agni. Proper functioning of Agni is responsible for all the metabolic activities in the body. Thereby, Agnimandya is said to be the root cause for all the diseases, as it results in the formation of Ama affecting the Rasavaha Srotas initially. The Ama Lakshanas resemble with the Rasapradoshaja Vikaras. Kapha Dosha is said to be the Asrayee in Rasa Dhatu and thereby the Rasa Vruddhi Lakshanas are similar to that of Kapha Vruddhi Lakshanas. So the Chikitsa as mentioned for Kapha Dosha can be implemented in Vruddhi/Kshaya of Rasa Dhatu. Shodhana without Ama-Pachana results in further complication. Therefore the line of treatment revolves around Srotoshodhana, Pachana, Agnideepana and Vatanulomana.

scholarly journals The Role of Zinc and Zinc Homeostasis in Macrophage Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Gao ◽  
Wei Dai ◽  
Lu Zhao ◽  
Junxia Min ◽  
Fudi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Zinc Homeostasis ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Essential Trace Element ◽  
Macrophage Function ◽  
Living Organisms

Zinc has long been recognized as an essential trace element, playing roles in the growth and development of all living organisms. In recent decades, zinc homeostasis was also found to be important for the innate immune system, especially for maintaining the function of macrophages. It is now generally accepted that dysregulated zinc homeostasis in macrophages causes impaired phagocytosis and an abnormal inflammatory response. However, many questions remain with respect to the mechanisms that underlie these processes, particularly at the cellular and molecular levels. Here, we review our current understanding of the roles that zinc and zinc transporters play in regulating macrophage function.

Evolution and cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Tom Donnem ◽  
Kingsley Micklem ◽  
Francesco Pezzella
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Evolutionary Medicine ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Evolution By Natural Selection

Evolution is the process by which living organisms change through time, and natural selection is the process which leads some organisms to thrive and others to die out. Evolutionary medicine tries to explain why traits leading to susceptibility to disease get maintained or even positively selected. Cancer, being a genetic disease, can be analysed as an example of evolution by natural selection. The observation that humans in developed societies have much higher rates of cancer can be analysed and explained by an evolutionary approach. At a cellular level, tumours are made up by a population of cells continuously growing and mutating while interacting with the microenvironment of the body. Thus, the mechanism of changes in individual tumours is the process of natural selection. Evolutionary biology is now increasingly used to better understand tumour growth and therefore to improve treatments.

3. Kill or be killed

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Dorothy H. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Human Immune Response ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Simplex Virus

‘Kill or be killed’ shows how viruses survive—they must reproduce before the host either dies or its immune system recognizes and eliminates them. The transmission routes of viruses such as flu, measles, common cold, herpes simplex virus, HIV, Epstein–Barr, and hepatitis B are discussed. How do we fight viruses? All living organisms have defences against invading viruses. Vertebrates, and possibly some invertebrates, are immune to re-infection by the same virus. Another protective mechanism, used by plants, but also by insects and other animal species, is gene silencing by RNA interference. The human immune response is explained, discussing the role of lymphocytes and immunopathology, where the immune response may actually harm the body.

PANEL DISCUSSION: THE ROLE OF ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

1974 ◽  
Vol 238 (1 Electrically) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
R. O. Becker ◽  
C. D. Cone ◽  
L. F. Jaffe ◽  
V. A. Parsegian ◽  
H. A. Pohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Cellular Level

scholarly journals An Acromegaly Disease Zebrafish Model Reveals Decline in Body Stem Cell Number along with Signs of Premature Aging

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Abdalla Elbialy ◽  
Yoji Igarashi ◽  
Shuichi Asakawa ◽  
Shugo Watabe ◽  
Shigeharu Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Zebrafish Model

In our previous publication, it was shown that growth hormone (GH) excess in acromegaly affects the cell integrity of somatic cells through increased DNA damage throughout the body and impaired DNA repair pathways. Acromegaly is a hormone disorder pathological condition that develops as a result of growth hormone over-secretion from the pituitary gland. We produced a zebrafish acromegaly model to gain a better understanding of the excess GH effects at the cellular level. Here we show that the acromegaly zebrafish model progressively reduced the number of stem cells in different organs and increased oxidative stress in stem cells. Importantly, the decline in the stem cells was even more apparent than in aged fish. The controversy and debate over the use of GH as an anti-aging therapy have been going on for several years. In this study, excess GH induced aging signs such as increased senescence-associated (SA)-β-galactosidase staining of abdominal skin and similarity of the pattern of gene expression between aged and acromegaly zebrafish. Thus, this study highlights the role of excess GH in acromegaly stem cells.

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