scholarly journals Incorporation of Lipids into Wheat Bran Cellulose/Wheat Gluten Composite Film Improves Its Water Resistance Properties

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Guanghui Shen ◽  
Guoxian Yu ◽  
Hejun Wu ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional

This work evaluated the improvement effects of lipids incorporation on water resistance of composite biodegradable film prepared with wheat bran cellulose/wheat gluten (WBC/WG) using an alkaline–ethanol film forming system. Four types of lipids, paraffin wax (PW), beeswax (BW), paraffin oil (PO), and oleic acid (OA), were tested. We found that PW, BW, and PO incorporation at 5–20% improved water vapor permeability (WVP) and surface hydrophobicity of prepared films. Particularly, incorporation of 15% BW could best improve the water resistance properties of the film, with the lowest WVP of 0.76 × 10−12 g/cm·s·Pa and largest water contact angle (WCA) of 86.18°. Incorporation of OA led to the decline in moisture barrier properties. SEM images revealed that different lipids incorporation changed the morphology and of the composite film, and cross-sectional morphology indicated BW-incorporated film obtained more uniform and compact structures compared to other films. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that the incorporation of PW or BW enhanced the molecular interactions between the film components, confirmed by the chemical shift of characteristic peaks at 3277 and 1026 cm−1. Differential scanning calorimetry results revealed that incorporation of PW, BW, and PO increased films’ melting point, decomposition temperatures, and enthalpy values. Furthermore, the presence of most lipids decreased tensile strength and elongation at the break of the film. Overall, the composite film containing 15% BW obtained the most promising water resistance performance and acceptable mechanical properties, and it thus most suitable as a hydrophobic biodegradable material for food packaging.

scholarly journals Investigation of Ultrasonic Treatment on Physicochemical, Structural and Morphological Properties of Sodium Alginate/AgNPs/Apple Polyphenol Films and Its Preservation Effect on Strawberry

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2096
Author(s):  
Wenting Lan ◽  
Siying Li ◽  
Shiti Shama ◽  
Yuqing Zhao ◽  
Dur E. Sameen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Active Food Packaging ◽  
Ultrasonic Time

An antibacterial and anti-oxidation composite film was prepared by a casting method using sodium alginate (SA) and apple polyphenols (APPs) as the base material and glycerol as the plasticizer. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were deposited by ultrasonic-assisted electrospray method. The degree of influence of the addition ratio of SA and AgNPs and different ultrasonic time on the mechanical properties, barrier properties, optical properties, and hydrophilicity of the composite film was explored. The composite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the SA: AgNPs ratio of 7:3 and the ultrasonic time for 30 min have the best comprehensive performance, and SA/AgNPs/APP films showed the lowest water vapor permeability value of 0.75 × 10−11 g/m·s·Pa. The composite film has good strength and softness, with tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (E) at 23.94 MPa and 29.18%, respectively. SEM images showed that the surface of the composite film was smooth and the AgNPs’ distribution was uniform. The composite film showed broad antibacterial activity, and the antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli (92.01%) was higher than that of Staphylococcus aureus (91.26%). However, due to the addition of APP, its antioxidant activity can reach 98.39%, which has a synergistic effect on antibacterial activity. For strawberry as a model, the results showed that this composite film can prolong the shelf life of strawberries for about 8 days at 4 °C, effectively maintaining their storage quality. Compared with the commonly used PE(Polyethylene film) film on the market, it has a greater fresh-keeping effect and can be used as an active food packaging material.

scholarly journals Effect of Sonication on the Properties of Flaxseed Gum Films Incorporated with Carvacrol

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Shiyuan Fang ◽  
Weiqiang Qiu ◽  
Jun Mei ◽  
Jing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water Sorption Isotherm ◽  
Flaxseed Gum

Carvacrol is a natural compound known to be a highly effective antibacterial; however, it is a hydrophobic molecule, which is a limitation to its use within food packaging. Flaxseed gum (FG) films containing different contents of carvacrol (C) were produced by a film-casting method with sonication. The effects of sonication power and time on the properties of the FG-C films were investigated by measuring the film thickness, mechanical properties, contact angle, opacity, water vapor permeability (WVP), water sorption isotherm, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and microstructure. The results showed that sonication power and time had significant effects on mechanical and barrier properties, film opacity, and degradability (p < 0.05). The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB) values exhibited an obvious improvement after sonication, and FG-0.5C-6030 had the lowest TS (33.40 MPa) and EB (4.46%) values. FG-C films formed a denser structure and the contact angle was improved as a result of sonication, which improved the integration of carvacrol into the FG matrix. In terms of microstructure, sonication resulted in a homogeneous and continuous crosssection of FG-C films, and regular surface and cross-sectional images were obtained through the highest acoustic intensity and longest time treatment. The FG films incorporated with carvacrol displayed antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, as well as increased antioxidant properties, and sonication was proven to enhance both of them.

Physical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of a Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate) Film Incorporated with Thymol

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Ming Wei Yuan ◽  
Ji Yi Yang ◽  
Yu Yue Qin ◽  
Ming Long Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Trimethylene Carbonate

Thymol (TH), which has antimicrobial effect on many food pathogens, was incorporated as antimicrobial agent into composite poly (lactic acid)/poly (trimethylene carbonate)(PLA-PTMC) films. Antimicrobial active films based on PLA-PTMC were prepared by incorporating thymol at five different concentrations: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 %(w/w). The mechanical characterization, water vapor permeability (WVP), and antimicrobial activity of all formulations composite film were carried out. A decrease in elastic modulus was obtained for the active composite film compared with neat PLA-PTMC film. The presence of thymol decreased water vapor permeability, with a significant antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activities of films were tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aurous, Listeria, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella. Increasing amount of the thymol in the film caused a significant increase in inhibitory zones. These results suggest that thymol incorporated PLA-PTMC films have a prospectively potential in antimicrobial food packaging.

scholarly journals Barrier Properties and Characterizations of Poly(lactic Acid)/ZnO Nanocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenya Tang ◽  
Fangling Fan ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Chu ◽  
Chunli Fan ◽  
Yuyue Qin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Nano Zno

This study aimed to reinforce the barrier performance (i.e., oxygen–gas and water–vapor permeability) of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based films. Acetyltributylcitrate and zinc oxide nanoparticle (nano-ZnO), serving as plasticizer and nanofiller, respectively, were blended into a PLA matrix through a solvent-volatilizing method. The structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical performances were then studied. Scanning electron microscopic images showed a significant dispersion of nano-ZnO in PLA ternary systems with low nano-ZnO content. The interaction between PLA matrix and ZnO nanoparticles was further analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Wide-angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy demonstrated high compatibility between PLA matrix and ZnO nanoparticles. Mechanical property studies revealed good tensile strength and low flexibility. Differential scanning calorimetry curves proved that an amorphous structure mostly existed in PLA ternary systems. The improvements in barrier property and tensile strength indicated that the PLA/nano-ZnO composite films could be used for food packaging application.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Composite Films from Tilapia Skin Collagen with Pachyrhizus Starch and Rambutan Peel Phenolics

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Yongliang Zhuang ◽  
Shiyan Ruan ◽  
Hanghang Yao ◽  
Yun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Active Food Packaging ◽  
Skin Collagen

Different composite films composed of tilapia skin collagen (TSC) with Pachyrhizus starch (PS) or rambutan peel phenolics (RPP) were prepared, and the physical properties of these films were determined. The effects of PS and RPP on TSC films were investigated, and our results indicated that PS and RPP could improve the physical properties of TSC films. Opacity and film thickness showed an enhanced trend with increasing PS and RPP contents in TSC films, whereas solubility in water, elongation-at-break (EAB), and water vapor permeability (WVP) showed declining trends. TSC film with 10% PS and 0.5% RPP had the highest tensile strength, and the tensile strength dropped drastically when the content of PS and RPP increased. The light transmittances of the films could decrease with the incorporation of PS and RPP. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the addition of PS and RPP improved the thermal stability of TSC films. In addition, X-ray diffraction indicated that the crystallinity of the films decreased and the amorphous structure of the films tended to become more complex with the addition of PS and RPP. As shown by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, PS and RPP can strongly interact with TSC, resulting in a modification of its structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that there was a good compatibility between TSC, PS, and RPP. The results indicated that TSC film incorporated with 10% PS and 0.5% RPP was an effective method for improve the physical properties of the film. TSC–PS–RPP composite films can be used not only in biomedical applications, but also as active food packaging materials.

scholarly journals Paper-Based Oil Barrier Packaging using Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Tayeb ◽  
Mehdi Tajvidi ◽  
Douglas Bousfield
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Surface Barrier ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Oxygen Transmission Rate

Environmental and health concerns are driving the need for new materials in food packaging to replace poly- or perfluorinated compounds, aluminum layers, and petroleum-based polymers. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) have been shown by a number of groups to form excellent barrier layers to oxygen and grease. However, the influence of lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) on film barrier properties has not been well reported. Herein, thin films (16 g/m2) from LCNF and CNF were formed on paper substrates through a filtration technique that should mimic the addition of material at the wet end of a paper machine. Surface, barrier and mechanical attributes of these samples were characterized. The analysis on the surface free energy and water contact angle pointed to the positive role of lignin distribution in inducing a certain degree of water repellency. The observed oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor permeability (WVP) values of LCNF-coated samples were nearly similar to those with CNF. However, the presence of lignin improved the oil proof performance; these layered designs exhibited an excellent resistance to grease (kit No. 12). The attained papers with LCNF coat were formed into bowl-like containers using metal molds and a facile oven drying protocol to evaluate their resistance to oil penetration over a longer period. The results confirmed the capability of LCNF layer in holding commercially available cooking oils with no evidence of leakage for over five months. Also, an improvement in the tensile strength and elongation at break was observed in the studied papers. Overall, the proposed packaging material possesses viable architecture and can be considered as a fully wood-based alternative for the current fluorocarbon systems.

Effectiveness assessment of TiO2-Al2O3 nano-mixture as a filler material for improvement of packaging performance of PLA nanocomposite films

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 848-858
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Yakdoumi ◽  
Assia Siham Hadj-Hamou
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of TiO2-Al2O3 nano-mixture used as filler in improving packaging films performance. Polylactic acid/titanium dioxide (PLA/TiO2), polylactic acid/alumina (PLA/Al2O3) and polylactic acid/TiO2-Al2O3 (PLA/TiO2-Al2O3) nanocomposite films were successfully prepared via melt mixing process and thoroughly characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The properties such as heat resistant, barrier, mechanical and antimicrobial properties, required for food packaging have also been investigated. As compared to the neat PLA film, the developed PLA nanocomposites have displayed superior properties particularly the PLA/ TiO2-Al2O3 nanocomposite film. This resulted material has showed a 22 °C increase in its thermal stability versus 14 and 2 °C in the cases of PLA/TiO2 and PLA/Al2O3 respectively, and a 54% reduction of its water vapor permeability in comparison with 47% for PLA/TiO2 and 39% for PLA/Al2O3. In addition, the PLA/TiO2-Al2O3 had a significant enhancement of its mechanical properties. Its Young modulus increased by 102% unlike 23.60% for the PLA/TiO2 and 44.66% for the PLA/Al2O3. It was also noticed that this nanocomposite film demonstrated stronger antibacterial activity than the two others. The bacterial growth inhibition effect of TiO2-Al2O3 nano-mixture against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli bacteria was more effective than that of its two constituents.

scholarly journals Pullulan–Apple Fiber Biocomposite Films: Optical, Mechanical, Barrier, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Ângelo Luís ◽  
Ana Ramos ◽  
Fernanda Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
P Value ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Biocomposite Films

More than 150 million tons of synthetic plastics are produced worldwide from petrochemical-based materials, many of these plastics being used to produce single-use consumer products like food packaging. The main goal of this work was to research the production and characterization of pullulan–apple fiber biocomposite films as a new food packaging material. The optical, mechanical, and barrier properties of the developed biocomposite films were evaluated. Furthermore, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the biocomposite films were additionally studied. The results show that the Tensile Index and Elastic Modulus of the pullulan–apple fiber films were significantly higher (p-value < 0.05) when compared to the pullulan films. Regarding the water vapor permeability, no significant differences (p-value < 0.05) were observed in water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) when the apple fiber was incorporated into the biocomposite films. A significant increase (p-value < 0.05) of water contact angle in both sides of the films was observed when the apple fiber was incorporated into pullulan, indicating an increase in the hydrophobicity of the developed biocomposite films. It is worth noting the hydrophobicity of the (rough) upper side of the pullulan–apple fiber films, which present a water contact angle of 109.75°. It was possible to verify the microbial growth inhibition around the pullulan–apple fiber films for all the tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Obtainment and Characterization of Hydrophilic Polysulfone Membranes by N-Vinylimidazole Grafting Induced by Gamma Irradiation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1284
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vázquez ◽  
Claudia Muro ◽  
Javier Illescas ◽  
Guillermina Burillo ◽  
Omar Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Membrane Degradation ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Swelling Degree

Polysulfone (PSU) film and N-vinylimidazole (VIM) were used to obtain grafted membranes with high hydrophilic capacity. The grafting process was performed by gamma irradiation under two experiments: (1) different irradiation doses (100–400 kGy) and VIM 50% solution; (2) different concentration of grafted VIM (30–70%) and 300 kGy of irradiation dose. Characteristics of the grafted membranes were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, swelling degree, desalination test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Both experiments indicated that the absorbed dose 300 kGy and the VIM concentration, at 50% v/v, were effective to obtain PSU grafted membranes with 14.3% of grafting yield. Nevertheless, experimental conditions, 400 kGy, VIM 50% and 300 kGy, VIM 60–70% promoted possible membrane degradation and VIM homopolymerization on the membrane surface, which was observed by SEM images; meanwhile, 100–200 kGy and VIM 30–50% produced minimal grafting (2 ± 0.5%). Hydrophilic surface of the grafted PSU membranes by 300 kGy and VIM 50% v/v were corroborated by the water contact angle, swelling degree and desalination test, showing a decrease from 90.7° ± 0.3 (PSU film) to 64.3° ± 0.5; an increment of swelling degree of 25 ± 1%, and a rejection-permeation capacity of 75 ± 2%. In addition, the thermal behavior of grafted PSU membranes registered an increment in the degradation of 20%, due to the presence of VIM. However, the normal temperature of the membrane operation did not affect this result; meanwhile, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the grafted PSU membrane was found at 185.4 ± 0.5 °C, which indicated an increment of 15 ± 1%.

scholarly journals Physico-Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of PLA/TiO2 Composite Materials Synthesized via Electrospinning and Solution Casting Processes

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyi Feng ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Yaowen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Composites Materials

In this study, PLA/TiO2 composites materials were prepared via electrospinning and solution casting processes. By testing the mechanical properties, water contact angle, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite nanofibers and films, the comprehensive performances of the two types of nanocomposites were analyzed. The results show that maximum tensile strengths of 2.71 ± 0.11 MPa and 14.49 ± 0.13 MPa were achieved for the nanofibers and films at a TiO2 content of 0.75 wt.%. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 significantly cut down the water vapor transmittance rate of the nanofibers and films while significantly improving the water solubility. Further, the antibacterial activity increased under UV-A irradiation for a TiO2 nanoparticle content of 0.75 wt.%, and the nanofiber and films exhibited inhibition zones of 4.86 ± 0.50 and 3.69 ± 0.40 mm for E. coli, and 5.98 ± 0.77 and 4.63 ± 0.45 mm for S. aureus, respectively. Overall, the performance of the nanofiber was better than that of the film. Nevertheless, both the nanocomposite membranes satisfied the requirements of food packaging materials.

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