scholarly journals Tissue Integration and Biological Cellular Response of SLM-Manufactured Titanium Scaffolds

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Anida-Maria Băbțan ◽  
Daniela Timuș ◽  
Olga Sorițău ◽  
Bianca Adina Boșca ◽  
Reka Barabas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Mesh Terms

Background: SLM (Selective Laser Melting)–manufactured Titanium (Ti) scaffolds have a significant value for bone reconstructions in the oral and maxillofacial surgery field. While their mechanical properties and biocompatibility have been analysed, there is still no adequate information regarding tissue integration. Therefore, the aim of this study is a comprehensive systematic assessment of the essential parameters (porosity, pore dimension, surface treatment, shape) required to provide the long-term performance of Ti SLM medical implants. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted via electronic databases PubMed, Medline and Cochrane, using a selection of relevant search MeSH terms. The literature review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Results: Within the total of 11 in vitro design studies, 9 in vivo studies, and 4 that had both in vitro and in vivo designs, the results indicated that SLM-generated Ti scaffolds presented no cytotoxicity, their tissue integration being assured by pore dimensions of 400 to 600 µm, high porosity (75–88%), hydroxyapatite or SiO2–TiO2 coating, and bioactive treatment. The shape of the scaffold did not seem to have significant importance. Conclusions: The SLM technique used to fabricate the implants offers exceptional control over the structure of the base. It is anticipated that with this technique, and a better understanding of the physical interaction between the scaffold and bone tissue, porous bases can be tailored to optimize the graft’s integrative and mechanical properties in order to obtain structures able to sustain osseous tissue on Ti.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo evaluations of the fully porous Ti6Al4V acetabular cups fabricated by a sintering technique

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 6724-6732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhongli Li ◽  
Yuxing Wang ◽  
Ruiling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
Large Pore Size

The fully porous Ti6Al4V cup fabricated by the sintered technique showed high porosity, large pore size with good mechanical properties. It may be effective in achieving in vivo stability after the total hip arthroplasty.

scholarly journals The RNA Methyltransferase METTL3 Promotes Endothelial Progenitor Cell Angiogenesis in Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Jiang ◽  
Peiqi Zhu ◽  
Fangfang Huang ◽  
Zhenchen Zhao ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is used to treat large bone defects in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Successful DO-mediated bone regeneration is dependent upon angiogenesis, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are key mediators of angiogenic processes. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase has been identified as an important regulator of diverse biological processes, but its role in EPC-mediated angiogenesis during DO remains to be clarified. In the present study, we found that the level of m6A modification was significantly elevated during the process of DO and that it was also increased in the context of EPC angiogenesis under hypoxic conditions, which was characterized by increased METTL3 levels. After knocking down METTL3 in EPCs, m6A RNA methylation, proliferation, tube formation, migration, and chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenic activity were inhibited, whereas the opposite was observed upon the overexpression of METTL3. Mechanistically, METTL3 silencing reduced the levels of VEGF and PI3Kp110 as well as the phosphorylation of AKT, whereas METTL3 overexpression reduced these levels. SC79-mediated AKT phosphorylation was also able to restore the angiogenic capabilities of METTL3-deficient EPCs in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo, METTL3-overexpressing EPCs were additionally transplanted into the DO callus, significantly enhancing bone regeneration as evidenced by improved radiological and histological manifestations in a canine mandibular DO model after consolidation over a 4-week period. Overall, these results indicate that METTL3 accelerates bone regeneration during DO by enhancing EPC angiogenesis via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

A REVIEW OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL IN VITRO CELL STRETCH PLATFORMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (08) ◽  
pp. 1730003
Author(s):  
H. GHAZIZADEH ◽  
S. ARAVAMUDHAN
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cell Stretch ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Dimensional Cell

The focus of this paper is to describe the mechanism and behavior of two-dimensional in vitro cell stretch platforms, as well as discussing designs for the evaluation of mechanical properties of cells. It is extremely important to understand the cellular response to extrinsic mechanical forces as living biological system is constantly subjected to mechanical forces in vivo. In addition, this mechanistic understanding of cellular response will provide valuable information towards the design and fabrication of bioengineered tissues and organs, which are expected to replace and/or aid bodily functions. This paper will primarily focus on the development, advantages and limitations of two-dimensional cell stretch platforms.

scholarly journals Epithelial Tissues as Active Solids: From Nonlinear Contraction Pulses to Rupture Resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahaf Armon ◽  
Matthew S. Bull ◽  
Avraham Moriel ◽  
Hillel Aharoni ◽  
Manu Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Systems ◽  
Epithelial Tissues ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Cell Cell

AbstractEpithelial tissues in many contexts can be viewed as soft active solids. Their active nature is manifested in the ability of individual cells within the tissue to contract and/or remodel their mechanical properties in response to various conditions. Little is known about the emergent properties of such materials. Specifically, how an individual cellular activity gives rise to collective spatiotemporal patterns is not fully understood. Recently we reported the observation of ultrafast contraction pulses in the dorsal epithelium of T.adhaerens in vivo [1] and speculated these propagate via mechanical fields. Other accumulating evidence suggest mechanics is involved in similar contractile patterns in embryonic development in vivo and in cellular monolayers in vitro. Here we show that a widespread cellular response – activation of contraction in response to stretch – is sufficient to give rise to nonlinear propagating contraction pulses. Using a minimal numerical model and theoretical considerations we show how such mechanical pulses emerge and propagate, spontaneously or in response to external stretch. The model – whose mathematical structure resembles that of reaction-diffusion systems – explains observed phenomena in T. adhaerens (e.g. excitable or spontaneous pulses, pulse interaction) and predicts other phenomena (e.g. symmetric strain profile, “spike trains”). Finally, we show that in response to external tension, such an active two-dimensional sheet lowers and dynamically distributes the strains across its surface, hence facilitating tissue resistance to rupture. Adding a cellular softening-threshold further enhances the tissue resistance to rupture at cell-cell junctions. As cohesion is at the heart of epithelial physiology, our model may be relevant to many other epithelial systems, even if manifested at different time/length scales.SignificanceOur work demonstrates that many observed dynamical phenomena in epithelial tissues can be explained merely by mechanical cell-cell interactions, and do not require chemical diffusion or transport between cells (though chemical activity may participate in relevant intracellular processes). Specifically, we show that single cell extension-induced-contraction (EIC) is sufficient to generate propagating contraction pulses, which also increase the tissue’s resistance to rupture, an essential function of epithelia. Our results may shed light on how epithelial tissues function under challenging physiological conditions, e.g. in lung, gut, vasculature and other biomedical contexts. Our results may also be relevant in the study of early evolution of multicellularity and the nervous-muscular systems. Finally, the work offers guidelines for designing soft synthetic solids with improved mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Advance on Resveratrol Application in Bone Regeneration: Progress and Perspectives for Use in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Murgia ◽  
Rodolfo Mauceri ◽  
Giuseppina Campisi ◽  
Viviana De Caro
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Natural Polyphenol ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone Tissue ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

The natural polyphenol Resveratrol (RSV) claims numerous positive effects on health due to the well documented biological effects demonstrating its potential as a disease-preventing agent and as adjuvant for treatment of a wide variety of chronic diseases. Since several studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have highlighted the protective bone aptitude of RSV both as promoter of osteoblasts’ proliferation and antagonist of osteoclasts’ differentiation, they could be interesting in view of applications in the field of dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. This review has brought together experimental findings on the use of RSV in the regeneration of bone tissue comprising also its application associated with scaffolds and non-transfusional hemocomponents.

scholarly journals Potential of Lyophilized Platelet Concentrates for Craniofacial Tissue Regenerative Therapies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Nurul Aida Ngah ◽  
Jithendra Ratnayake ◽  
Paul R. Cooper ◽  
George J. Dias ◽  
Darryl C. Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Craniofacial Tissue ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Objective: The use of platelet concentrates (PCs) in oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, and craniofacial surgery has been reported. While PCs provide a rich reservoir of autologous bioactive growth factors for tissue regeneration, their drawbacks include lack of utility for long-term application, low elastic modulus and strength, and limited storage capability. These issues restrict their broader application. This review focuses on the lyophilization of PCs (LPCs) and how this processing approach affects their biological and mechanical properties for application as a bioactive scaffold for craniofacial tissue regeneration. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of five electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus, was conducted from 1946 until 2019 using a combination of search terms relating to this topic. Results: Ten manuscripts were identified as being relevant. The use of LPCs was mostly studied in in vitro and in vivo craniofacial bone regeneration models. Notably, one clinical study reported the utility of LPCs for guided bone regeneration prior to dental implant placement. Conclusions: Lyophilization can enhance the inherent characteristics of PCs and extends shelf-life, enable their use in emergency surgery, and improve storage and transportation capabilities. In light of this, further preclinical studies and clinical trials are required, as LPCs offer a potential approach for clinical application in craniofacial tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells: A comprehensive methods for odontoblastic induction

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benson Koh ◽  
Nadiah Sulaiman ◽  
Sharifah Nursyazwani Shahirah Wan Ismadi ◽  
Roszalina Ramli ◽  
Siti Salmiah Mohd Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Odontoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Induction

Abstract Background In the area of oral and maxillofacial surgery, regenerative endodontics aims to present alternative options to conventional treatment strategies. With continuous advances in regenerative medicine, the source of cells used for pulp tissue regeneration is not only limited to mesenchymal stem cells as the non-mesenchymal stem cells have shown capabilities too. In this review, we are systematically assessing the recent findings on odontoblastic differentiation induction with scaffold and non-scaffold approaches. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in Pubmed, and Scopus, and relevant studies published between 2015 and 2020 were selected following the PRISMA guideline. The main inclusion criteria were that articles must be revolving on method for osteoblast differentiation in vitro study. Therefore, in vivo and human or animal clinical studies were excluded. The search outcomes identified all articles containing the word “odontoblast”, “differentiation”, and “mesenchymal stem cell”. Results The literature search identified 99 related studies, but only 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. These include 5 odontoblastic differentiation induction with scaffold, 6 inductions without scaffolds. The data collected were characterised into two main categories: type of cells undergo odontoblastic differentiation, and odontoblastic differentiation techniques using scaffolds or non-scaffold. Conclusion Based on the data analysis, the scaffold-based odontoblastic induction method seems to be a better option compared to the non-scaffold method. In addition of that, the combination of growth factors in scaffold-based methods could possibly enhance the differentiation. Thus, further detailed studies are still required to understand the mechanism and the way to enhance odontoblastic differentiation.

scholarly journals CoCrMo alloy as biomaterial for bone reconstruction in oral and maxillofacial surgery: A scoping review.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-349
Author(s):  
Jésica Zuchuat ◽  
◽  
Andrea Cura ◽  
Adriana Manzano ◽  
Oscar Decco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Reconstruction ◽  
Cocrmo Alloy ◽  
Thomson Reuters

Antecedentes: La osteointegración ha permitido un gran avance en biomateriales y técnicas, y ha contribuido un mayor uso de implantes dentales. Sin embargo, la existencia de un nivel óseo insuficiente es un problema frecuente y crea una base anatómicamente menos favorable para la colocación de implantes. El primer procedimiento quirúrgico debe comprender la reconstrucción de la altura del hueso alveolar. Las aleaciones de CoCrMo se consideran hoy en día como materiales altamente resistentes a la corrosión y biocompatibles en odontología y, por lo tanto, se ha sugerido como un biomaterial adecuado para la regeneración ósea guiada y la ingeniería de tejidos. Objetivo: Determinar el uso de la aleación CoCrMo para dispositivos implantables en cirugía oral y maxilofacial y discutir sobre el potencial de esta aleación para la regeneración y reparación ósea a través de una revisión de alcance. Material y Métodos: La búsqueda se realizó utilizando varias bases de datos, incluidas PubMed, Thomson Reuters y Scopus. Se seleccionó literatura inglesa relacionada con estudios que informan sobre las propiedades de CoCrMo y los procesos de fabricación y los hallazgos relacionados con las técnicas de formación de huesos. Los datos se compararon cualitativamente. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 90 estudios según los criterios de inclusión. y se reportaron diferentes técnicas de fabricación y sus ventajas relacionadas con propiedades mecánicas, químicas y biocompatibles. Conclusión: Las reacciones tisulares mejoradas de los dispositivos de implante CoCrMo pueden adquirirse mediante la aplicación de nuevas técnicas y modificaciones de la superficie. Además, varios procesos han demostrado mejorar la biocompatibilidad in vitro e in vivo de la aleación CoCrMo para promover la unión, proliferación y diferenciación guiada de las células de siembra.

scholarly journals Functional regeneration of tendons using scaffolds with physical anisotropy engineered via microarchitectural manipulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. eaat4537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
W. J. Lee ◽  
B. T. H. Koh ◽  
M. Hong ◽  
W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Cytoskeletal Network ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Living Tissues

Structural and hierarchical anisotropy underlies the structure-function relationship of most living tissues. Attempts to exploit the interplay between cells and their immediate environment have rarely featured macroscale, three-dimensional constructs required for clinical applications. Furthermore, compromises to biomechanical robustness during fabrication often limit the scaffold’s relevance in translational medicine. We report a polymeric three-dimensional scaffold with tendon-like mechanical properties and controlled anisotropic microstructures. The scaffold was composed of two distinct portions, which enabled high porosity while retaining tendon-like mechanical properties. When tenocytes were cultured in vitro on the scaffold, phenotypic markers of tenogenesis such as type-I collagen, decorin, and tenascin were significantly expressed over nonanisotropic controls. Moreover, highly aligned intracellular cytoskeletal network and high nuclear alignment efficiencies were observed, suggesting that microstructural anisotropy might play the epigenetic role of mechanotransduction. When implanted in an in vivo micropig model, a neotissue that formed over the scaffold resembled native tendon tissue in composition and structure.

scholarly journals Application of Finite Element Analysis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—A Literature Review

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Lisiak-Myszke ◽  
Dawid Marciniak ◽  
Marek Bieliński ◽  
Hanna Sobczak ◽  
Łukasz Garbacewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reconstructive Operations ◽  
Long Time

In recent years in the field of biomechanics, the intensive development of various experimental methods has been observed. The implementation of virtual studies that for a long time have been successfully used in technical sciences also represents a new trend in dental engineering. Among these methods, finite element analysis (FEA) deserves special attention. FEA is a method used to analyze stresses and strains in complex mechanical systems. It enables the mathematical conversion and analysis of mechanical properties of a geometric object. Since the mechanical properties of the human skeleton cannot be examined in vivo, a discipline in which FEA has found particular application is oral and maxillofacial surgery. In this review we summarize the application of FEA in particular oral and maxillofacial fields such as traumatology, orthognathic surgery, reconstructive surgery and implantology presented in the current literature. Based on the available literature, we discuss the methodology and results of research where FEA has been used to understand the pathomechanism of fractures, identify optimal osteosynthesis methods, plan reconstructive operations and design intraosseous implants or osteosynthesis elements. As well as indicating the benefits of FEA in mechanical parameter analysis, we also point out the assumptions and simplifications that are commonly used. The understanding of FEA’s opportunities and advantages as well as its limitations and main flaws is crucial to fully exploit its potential.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document