scholarly journals An Original Tribometer to Analyze the Behavior of Abrasive Grains in the Grinding Process

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Godino ◽  
Iñigo Pombo ◽  
Jose Sanchez ◽  
Borja Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Abrasive Grains

Manufacturing of grinding wheels is continuously adapting to new industrial requirements. New abrasives and new wheel configurations, together with wheel wear control allow for grinding process optimization. However, the wear behavior of the new abrasive materials is not usually studied from a scientific point of view due to the difficulty to control and monitor all the variables affecting the tribochemical wear mechanisms. In this work, an original design of pin-on-disk tribometer is developed in a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) grinding machine. An Alumina grinding wheel with special characteristics is employed and two types of abrasive are compared: White Fused Alumina (WFA) and Sol-Gel Alumina (SG). The implemented tribometer reaches sliding speeds of between 20 and 30 m/s and real contact pressures up to 190 MPa. The results show that the wear behavior of the abrasive grains is strongly influenced by their crystallographic structure and the tribometer appears to be a very good tool for characterizing the wear mechanisms of grinding wheels, depending on the abrasive grains.

scholarly journals An Original Tribometer to Analyze the Behavior of Abrasive Grains in the Grinding Process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Godino ◽  
Iñigo Pombo ◽  
Jose Antonio Sanchez ◽  
Borja Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Abrasive Grains

Manufacturing of grinding wheels is continuously adapting to new industrial requirements. New abrasives and new wheel configurations, together with wheel wear control allow for grinding process optimization. However, the wear behavior of the new abrasive materials is not usually studied from a scientific point of view due to the difficulty to control and monitor all the variables affecting the tribochemical wear mechanisms. In this work an original design of pin on disk tribometer is developed in a CNC grinding machine. An Alumina grinding wheel with special characteristics is employed and two types of abrasive are compared: White Fused Alumina (WFA) and Sol-Gel Alumina (SG). The implemented tribometer reaches sliding speeds of between 20 and 30 m/s and real contact pressures up to 190 MPa. The results show that the wear behavior of the abrasive grains is strongly influenced by their crystallographic structure and the tribometer appears to be a very good tool for characterizing the wear mechanisms of grinding wheels, depending on the abrasive grains.

Wear Monitoring on Microcrystalline Aluminum Oxide Grinding Wheels on Profile Grinding with the Aid of Acoustic Emission

2014 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Benini ◽  
Walter Lindolfo Weingaertner ◽  
Lucas da Silva Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Profile Grinding ◽  
Grinding Wheel Wear ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Profile Deviation ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
External Cylindrical Grinding

The localized wear on grinding wheel edges is a common phenomenon on profile grinding since the abrasive grains are less attached to the bond. The grinding wheel wear depends heavily on the process parameters, workpiece and wheel composition, causing changes on the process and profile deviation behaviors. In order to cope with these uncertainties, many natural and synthetic materials have been used in different grinding processes. However, the influence of mixed compositions of different types of abrasive grains on external cylindrical grinding is not well known. In order to assess this relation, a methodology procedure was developed providing an overview of the cinematic edges behavior on a progressive wheel wear. The methodology procedure is based on the acoustic emission technology, using a transducer with a 50 μm radius diamond tip. The tip, when in contact with a rotating grinding wheel, enables the evaluation of the cinematic cutting edges. The abrasive grain density was evaluated for different grinding wheel compositions and specific wear removal values. Furthermore, these results were compared to the profile deviation observed on the same tool, allowing the assessment of the influence of different microcrystalline corundum grains on the overall grinding wheel wear behavior.

The method of assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in the plunge grinding

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Nadolny
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Plunge Grinding ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
Grinding Kinematics

AbstractThis article presents the method of comparative assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in the plunge grinding kinematics. A new method has been developed to facilitate multicriterial assessment of the working conditions of the abrasive grains and the bond bridges, as well as the wear mechanisms of the GWAS, which occur during the grinding process, with simultaneous limitation of the workshop tests range. The work hereby describes the methodology of assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in a short grinding test that lasts for 3 seconds, for example, with a specially shaped grinding wheel, in plunge grinding. The grinding wheel macrogeometry modification applied in the developed method consists in forming a cone or a few zones of various diameters on its surface in the dressing cut. It presents an exemplary application of two variants of the method in the internal cylindrical plunge grinding, in 100Cr6 steel. Grinding wheels with microcrystalline corundum grains and ceramic bond underwent assessment. Analysis of the registered machining results showed greater efficacy of the method of cutting using a grinding wheel with zones of various diameters. The method allows for comparative tests upon different grinding wheels, with various grinding parameters and different machined materials.

scholarly journals New Abrasive Materials and Their Influence on the Surface Quality of Bearing Steel After Grinding

10.14311/1598 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Jusko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Material ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
New Type

This paper focuses on the influence of various types of abrasive grains on cutting properties during the grinding process for bearing steel. In this experiment, not only conventional super-hard abrasive materials but also a new type of abrasive material were employed in grinding wheels. The measurement results were compared, and an evaluation was made of the cutting properties of the new abrasive material. The options were then evaluated for their practical applicability. The measurement results indicated that a grinding wheel with Abral and SG grains is the most suitable for grinding hardened bearing steel in order to achieve the best roughness and geometrical accuracy.

Potential for improving efficiency of the internal cylindrical grinding process by modification of the grinding wheel structure—Part I: Grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Nadolny ◽  
Witold Habrat
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Internal Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Different Diameters

This article offers an overview of 14 grinding wheel construction modifications used in the peripheral grinding of flat-shaped internal and external cylindrical surfaces, when grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains are used (Al2O3, sol-gel alumina, SiC, etc.). The text contains characteristics of grinding wheels with mixed grains, glass-crystalline bond, a centrifugal provision of the coolant into the grinding zone, aggregate grains, zones of different diameters, radial rough grinding zone, extended finish grinding segments, active surface macro- and micro-discontinuities, as well as multiporous, impregnated (self-lubricating), sandwich, sectional and segment grinding wheels. Each of the presented structural modifications was described by giving construction scheme, used abrasive grains, range of applications, advantages as well as disadvantages. Modifications of the grinding wheel construction allow for effective improvement of both the conditions and the results of the grinding process. A wide range of the known modifications allows for their proper selection depending on the required criteria of effective evaluation and taking into account the specific characteristics of conventional abrasive grains. As a result, it is possible to obtain positive influence on a number of technological factors of the grinding process. The described modifications of the grinding wheel structure can be also an inspiration and the basis for creating new solutions in this field.

Prediction of Blunting Area of Abrasive Grains on a Grinding Wheel

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Dyakonov ◽  
Dmitrii V. Ardashev
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Abrasive Wheel ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Mass Transfer Theory ◽  
First Time

The article presents the results of calculating the blunting area of abrasive grains of grinding wheels, determined in accordance with the previously developed model. The mathematic model of the size of the blunting area of an abrasive grain considers the main mechanisms of its wear—mechanical and physicochemical. These mechanisms are taken into account in the model. For the first time, the kinetic theory of strength was used for determining the mechanical wear of abrasive grain. The mass transfer theory was used to study the physicochemical wear: coefficients of chemical affinity with the abrasive material are experimentally defined for the assortment of workpiece materials. The developed mathematic model is a multiple-factor one and this will allow to predict the size of wear of the abrasive wheel for different technological conditions. Also, the article presents the experimental method for determining the blunting area of abrasive grains of grinding wheels, which allows making a direct measurement of wear parameters of grinding wheels. The main parameter of grinding wheel wear is the length of the blunting area of the grain, which was measured out in the direction of the cutting speed vector. The grinding wheels of different graininess were studied—F60 and F46. The grinding wheel working surface was studied by numerical photos and microscope. The results of these experiments have confirmed the adequacy of the design model.

Observation of Grinding Wheel Wear Patterns by Means of a 3-Dimensional Digital Measuring Method

2008 ◽  
Vol 389-390 ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Naoyuki Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Digital Measuring ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Grinding Wheel Wear

Surface geometries of grinding wheels vary due to the wear in grinding process. Since the wheel wear patterns are affected by the grinding process, measuring and investigating these patterns quantitatively, grinding process can be evaluated whether appropriate or not. Utilizing a three-dimensional measuring device for wheel surfaces developed so far, this study aims to evaluate wheel wear patterns quantitatively. As the results, applying developed device, it is clarified that wheel wear pattern can be classified and evaluated quantitatively.

scholarly journals The methodology of the grinding wheel active surface evaluation in the aspect of their machining potential

Mechanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 690-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kacalak ◽  
Dariusz Lipiński ◽  
Filip Szafraniec ◽  
Katarzyna Tandecka
Keyword(s):  
Active Surface ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Wheel Topography

Estimation of the machining capacity of grinding wheels after the conditioning process, during their operation and after the grinding process is an important and complex problem. The article presents a methodology for the evaluation of wheel topography using a new height indicator and sharpness of abrasive grains, which enables determination of the machining potential of the wheel to be tested. Analysis of the developed parameter was carried for three different grinding wheels and for two different state after the conditioning process and after 30 minutes of grinding.

A Comparison of Techniques to Measure the Wear Flat Area of Conventional and Superabrasive Grinding Wheels

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Puerto ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Jon Madariaga ◽  
Raúl Fernández ◽  
Jan C. Aurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Flat Area ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Comparison Of Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Wear of abrasive grains is one of the key issues influencing the grinding process and the resulting workpiece quality. Being able to quantify wheel wear in-process allows parameterization of grinding models that can help assuring part surface integrity. However, one of the main problems in measuring wear of abrasive grains is their small size, which makes this task to be not trivial. In this paper, several measuring techniques are compared in order to determine which one offers the best potential to quantify the wear of conventional and superabrasive grinding wheels. The selected techniques include optical macroscopy, optical microscopy, profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among other results, direct comparisons of the same exact wear flat area measured with different techniques are shown.

Calculation of Effective Ground Depth of Cut by Means of Grinding Process Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Michael N. Morgan ◽  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Kohichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Grinding Machine

In order to obtain the effective depth of cut on the ground surface, a new grinding process model taking into account thermal expansions of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, elastic deformations of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel and the workpiece and the wheel wear was proposed. Using proposed model, the effective depth of cut was calculated using measured results of the applied depth of cut and the normal grinding force.

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