scholarly journals Associations of BMI and Body Fat with Urine Metabolome in Adolescents Are Sex-Specific: A Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Christian Brachem ◽  
Julia Langenau ◽  
Leonie Weinhold ◽  
Matthias Schmid ◽  
Ute Nöthlings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Urine Metabolome

Epidemiologic studies examining the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome may improve our understanding of the role of metabolic dysregulation in body composition-related health conditions. Previous studies, mostly in adult populations, have focused on a single measure of body composition, body mass index (BMI), and sex-specific associations are rarely explored. We investigate sex-specific associations of two measures of body composition—BMI and body fat (BF)—with the urine metabolome in adolescents. In 369 participants (age 16–18, 49% female) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, we examined sex-specific associations of these two measures of body composition, BMI and BF, and 1407 (467 unknown) 24 h urine metabolites analyzed by untargeted metabolomics cross-sectionally. Missing metabolites were imputed. We related metabolites (dependent variable) to BMI and BF (independent variable) separately using linear regression. The models were additionally adjusted for covariates. We found 10 metabolites associated with both BMI and BF. We additionally found 11 metabolites associated with only BF, and nine with only BMI. None of these associations was in females. We observed a strong sexual dimorphism in the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome.

Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BODY COMPOSITION, SOMATOTYPE AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS IN CHILEAN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT DIFFERENT SCHOOL LEVELS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Lizana ◽  
Sofia González ◽  
Lydia Lera ◽  
Bárbara Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Level ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis study examined the association between body composition, somatotype and socioeconomic status (SES) in Chilean children and adolescents by sex and school level (grade). The cross-sectional study was conducted on 1168 schoolchildren aged 6–18 years (572 males) from Valparaíso, Chile. Body composition, as assessed by percentage body fat (BF%) and somatotype, was evaluated using Ellis equations and the Heath–Carter method, respectively. The socioeconomic status of respondents was assessed using the ESOMAR survey. Obesity was defined as BF% ≥25 for boys and ≥30 for girls; ‘high endomorph’ somatotype was defined as a somatotype endomorph component (EC) of at least 5.5. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between high adiposity and SES, potential confounding factors and school level. In females, the results indicated that the groups with lower SES had higher EC. At the 1st(youngest) school level (1–4thgrades), males exhibited similar trends in their BF% and EC. High adiposity was associated with the female sex (BF%: OR=3.39; 95% CI 2.60, 4.41; high EC: OR=2.31; 95% CI 1.80, 2.98). In addition, low SES increased the risk of high adiposity compared with high SES (BF%: OR=2.25; 95% CI 1.40, 3.61; high EC: OR=2.19; 95% CI 1.37, 3.47). An association was observed between increased adiposity and lower SES, mainly in females, which indicates that females with low SES might be at greater risk of obesity.

scholarly journals Body fatness or anthropometry for assessment of unhealthy weight status? Comparison between methods in South African children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2005-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Craig ◽  
John Reilly ◽  
Ruth Bland
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Unhealthy Weight

AbstractObjectiveA variety of methods are available for defining undernutrition (thinness/underweight/under-fat) and overnutrition (overweight/obesity/over-fat). The extent to which these definitions agree is unclear. The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess agreement between widely used methods of assessing nutritional status in children and adolescents, and to examine the benefit of body composition estimates.DesignThe main objective of the cross-sectional study was to assess underweight, overweight and obesity using four methods: (i) BMI-for-age using WHO (2007) reference data; (ii) BMI-for-age using Cole et al. and International Obesity Taskforce cut-offs; (iii) weight-for-age using the National Centre for Health Statistics/WHO growth reference 1977; and (iv) body fat percentage estimated by bio-impedance (body fat reference curves for children of McCarthy et al., 2006). Comparisons were made between methods using weighted kappa analyses.SettingRural South Africa.SubjectsIndividuals (n 1519) in three age groups (school grade 1, mean age 7 years; grade 5, mean age 11 years; grade 9, mean age 15 years).ResultsIn boys, prevalence of unhealthy weight status (both under- and overnutrition) was much higher at all ages with body fatness measures than with simple anthropometric proxies for body fatness; agreement between fatness and weight-based measures was fair or slight using Landis and Koch categories. In girls, prevalence of unhealthy weight status was also higher with body fatness than with proxies, although agreement between measures ranged from fair to substantial.ConclusionsMethods for defining under- and overnutrition should not be considered equivalent. Weight-based measures provide highly conservative estimates of unhealthy weight status, possibly more conservative in boys. Simple body composition measures may be more informative than anthropometry for nutritional surveillance of children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan, Status Hidrasi, Persen Lemak Tubuh, Kadar Hemoglobin, dan Kebugaran Atlet Senam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ayu Ghalda ◽  
Nazhif Gifari ◽  
Nadiyah Nadiyah
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test

AbstractPhysical fitness is the ability of a person body to do a day work without feeling significant fatigue, that the body has a reserve of energy to overcome the excessive workload. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hydration knowledge, hydration status, body composition, hemoglobin level with physical fitness in gymnastics athletes. This study was design a cross sectional study at GOR Raden Inten East Jakarta. Independent variables were hydration knowledge, hydration status, body composition (percent of body fat) and hemoglobin level, while the dependent variable was physical fitness. The statistical test used in this study was the spearman correlation test, because the dependent variable in this study was abnormally distributed. The results of this study were that there was no significant relationship between hydration knowledge and physical fitness (r = 0.181; p > 0.05), there was no significant relationship between hydration status and physical fitness (r = -0,440; p = 0,052), there was no relationship significant between body composition (percent of body fat) and physical fitness (r = 0,351; p > 0.05), and there was a significant relationship between hemoglobin level and physical fitness (r = 0,600; p < 0.05). The conclusion in this study, there was a significant relationship between hemoglobin level and physical fitness.Kebugaran jasmani merupakan kemampuan tubuh seseorang untuk melakukan suatu pekerjaan sehari-hari tanpa merasakan kelelahan yang cukup berarti, sehingga tubuh itu sendiri memiliki cadangan energi untuk mengatasi beban kerja yang berlebih. Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan hidrasi, status hidrasi, komposisi tubuh, kadar hemoglobin dengan kebugaran pada atlet senam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan di GOR Raden Inten Jakarta Timur. Variabel independen yaitu pengetahuan hidrasi, status hidrasi, komposisi tubuh (persen lemak tubuh)dan kadar hemoglobin, sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu kebugaran.  Uji statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi spearman, karena variabel dependen pada penelitan berdistribusi tidak normal. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan hidrasi dan kebugaran (r=0,181; p>0,05), tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status hidrasi dan kebugaran (r=-0,440; p>0,05), tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komposisi tubuh dan kebugaran (r=0,351; p>0,05) dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin dan kebugaran (r=0,600; p<0,05). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kebugaran atlet.

Steps Measured by Pedometry and the Relationship to Adiposity in College Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Wayne Bailey ◽  
Pamela Borup ◽  
Larry Tucker ◽  
James LeCheminant ◽  
Matthew Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
College Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
The Relationship

Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between steps per day and adiposity among college women.Methods:This study was cross-sectional and included women ages 18–25. Participants wore a pedometer for 7 consecutive days. Body composition was assessed using air-displacement plethysmography. Height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences were assessed.Results:The women took 10,119 ± 2836 steps per day. When divided into quartiles by steps, the top 2 quartiles of women in the study had significantly lower BMI, percent body fat, and waist and hip circumferences than the bottom quartile of women (P ≤ .05). Percent body fat was different between the bottom 2 quartiles and the top 2 quartiles (P ≤ .05). The odds of having a body fat of greater than 32% were reduced by 21.9% for every increase of 1,000 steps taken per day (P ≤ .05).Conclusions:Steps per day are related to body composition in young adult women, but this relationship weakens with progressively higher step counts. A reasonable recommendation for steps in young adult women that is associated with the lowest BMIs and body fat seems to be between 10,000–12,000 steps per day.

scholarly journals Differences in the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat between Japanese and Australian-Caucasian young men

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Kagawa ◽  
Deborah Kerr ◽  
Hayato Uchida ◽  
Colin W Binns
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
The Relationship

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine ethnic and environmental influences on the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat, using a sample of 144 Japanese and 140 Australian-Caucasian men living in Australia, and eighty-eight Japanese men living in Japan. Body composition was assessed by anthropometry using standard international methods (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol). Body density was predicted using Durnin and Womersley's (1974) equation, and percentage body fat was calculated from Siri's (1961) equation.Significant (P<0·05) ethnic differences in stature, body mass and BMI were observed between Japanese and Australian men, but no ethnic differences were observed in their percentage body fat and height-corrected sum of skinfold thicknesses. No differences were found in the BMI–percentage body fat relationship between the Japanese subjects living in Australia and in Japan. Significant (P<0·05) ethnic differences in the BMI–percentage body fat relationship observed from a comparison between pooled Japanese men(aged 18–40 years, BMI range 16·6–32·8kg/m2) andAustralians (aged 18–39 years, BMI range 16·1–31·4kg/m2) suggest that Japanese men are likely to havea greater percentage body fat than Australian men at any given BMI value.From the analyses, the Japanese men were estimated to have an equivalent amount of body fat to the Australian men at BMI values that were about 1·5 units lower than those of the Australians (23·5kg/m2 and 28·2kg/m2, respectively).It was concluded that Japanese men have greater body fat deposition than Australian-Caucasians at the same BMI value. Japanese men may therefore require lower BMI cut-off points to identify obese individuals compared with Australian-Caucasian men.

scholarly journals Assessment of the association between body composition and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249223
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Farbod Koohpayeh ◽  
Alireza Ghaemi ◽  
Saeed Osati ◽  
Sayed Hossain Davoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the condition of fat accumulation in the liver. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition and fatty liver and determine of cut-off point for predicting NAFLD. Samples were selected from the nutrition clinic from 2016 to 2017 in Tehran, Iran. The liver steatosis was calculated using the CAP score through the FiroScan™ and body composition was measured using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan method. A total of 2160 patients participated in this study, 745 (34.5%) subjects had NAFLD. We found that fat-free tissue was inversely and fat tissue was directly correlated with the risk of NAFLD in almost all factors and the risk of developing NAFLD increases if the total fat exceeds 32.23% and 26.73% in women and men and abdominal fat exceeds 21.42% and 13.76% in women and men, respectively. Finally, we realized that the total fat percent had the highest AUC (0.932 for men and 0.917 for women) to predict the risk of NAFLD. Overall, the likelihood of NAFLD development rose significantly with increasing the amount of total fat and abdominal fat from the cut-off point level.

scholarly journals Body composition and markers of cardiometabolic health in transgender youth compared to cisgender youth: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie J Nokoff ◽  
Sharon L Scarbro ◽  
Kerrie L Moreau ◽  
Philip Zeitler ◽  
Kristen J Nadeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transgender Youth

AbstractContextUp to 1.8% of adolescents identify as transgender and many more seek care, yet the impact of gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on cardiometabolic health is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine insulin sensitivity and body composition among transgender females (TF) and males (TM) on estradiol or testosterone, compared to cisgender females (CF) and males (CM).DesignPilot, cross-sectional study conducted from 2016-2018.Setting. Academic regional transgender referral center.ParticipantsTransgender adolescents on either testosterone or estradiol for at least 3 months were recruited. Nineteen TM were matched to 19 CM and 42 CF on pubertal stage and body mass index (BMI). Eleven TF were matched to 23 CF and 13 TF to 24 CM on age and BMI.Main Outcome Measure(s)1/[fasting insulin] and body composition (dual-energy absorptiometry, DXA).ResultsTotal body fat was lower in TM than CF (29±7 vs. 33±7%, p=0.002) and higher than CM (28±7 vs. 24±9%, p=0.047). TM had higher lean mass than CF (68±7 vs. 64±7%, p=0.002) and lower than CM (69± vs. 73±8%, p=0.029). Insulin sensitivity was not different between the groups.TF had lower body fat than CF (31±7 vs. 35±8%, p=0.033) and higher than CM (28±6 vs. 20±10, p=0.001). TF had higher lean mass than CF (66±6 vs. 62±7%, p=0.032) and lower than CM (69±5 vs. 77±9%, p=0.001). TF were more insulin resistant than CM (0.078±0.025 vs. 0.142±0.064, p=0.011).ConclusionsTransgender adolescents on GAHT have significant differences in body composition compared to cisgender controls, with a body composition intermediate between BMI-matched cisgender males and females. These changes in body composition may have consequences for the cardiometabolic health of transgender adolescents.PrecisTransgender youth on gender affirming hormone therapy have differences in their percent fat and lean mass compared to cisgender (non-transgender) youth.

Internet Use, Facebook Intrusion, and Depression: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Błachnio ◽  
A. Przepiórka ◽  
I. Pantic
Keyword(s):  
Internet Use ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFacebook has become a very popular social networking platform today, particularly among adolescents and young adults, profoundly changing the way they communicate and interact. However, some reports have indicated that excessive Facebook use might have detrimental effects on mental health and be associated with certain psychological problems. Because previous findings on the relationship between Facebook addiction and depression were not unambiguous, further investigation was required. The main objective of our study was to examine the potential associations between Internet use, depression, and Facebook intrusion. A total of 672 Facebook users took part in the cross-sectional study. The Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used. For collecting the data, the snowball sampling procedure was used. We showed that depression can be a predictor of Facebook intrusion. Our results provides additional evidence that daily Internet use time in minutes, gender, and age are also predictors of Facebook intrusion: that Facebook intrusion can be predicted by being male, young age, and an extensive number of minutes spent online. On the basis of this study, it is possible to conclude that there are certain demographic – variables, such as age, gender, or time spent online – that may help in outlining the profile of a user who may be in danger of becoming addicted to Facebook. This piece of knowledge may serve for prevention purposes.

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