Potential Photoprotective Effect of Dietary Corn Silk Extract on Ultraviolet B-Induced Skin Damage

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes adverse effects on the skin. Corn silk contains flavonoids and other bioactive compounds and antioxidants, which may prevent skin photoaging through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to investigate the potential photoprotective effects of dietary corn silk on UVB-induced skin damage in mice and the mechanisms behind these effects on human skin cells. Oral administration of corn silk water extract (CS) (2 or 4 g/kg/day) for 19 weeks decreased epidermal thickness, wrinkle formation, and positive staining for PCNA, Ki67, and 8-OHdG, and increased collagen staining in UVB-irradiated SKH-1 hairless mice compared with controls. The pro-inflammatory NF-κB target genes (IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2) and MMP-9 expressions were lower in the CS groups, and TGF-β/Smad signaling increased. Low skin lipid peroxidation and blood DNA oxidation levels and high blood glutathione were detected. Antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2-related catalase and SOD1 proteins and glutaredoxin mRNA levels increased. The results of CS extract treatment and UVB irradiation in HaCaT cells showed the same results in Nrf2 and NF-κB target genes. An LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the CS extract contained potential antioxidants, which might have contributed to its anti-photoaging effects in tissues and cells. CS extract may reduce UVB-induced skin damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

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Artocarpin attenuates ultraviolet B-induced skin damage in hairless mice by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1352000 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (13) ◽

Author(s):

H Ko ◽

C Lee ◽

F Yen ◽

C Chai

Keyword(s):

Ultraviolet B ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Echinacoside Alleviates UVB Irradiation-Mediated Skin Damage via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/6851464 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Di Zhang ◽

Chengtao Lu ◽

Zhe Yu ◽

Xiayin Wang ◽

Li Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Uvb Exposure

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation has been known to cause skin damage, which is associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Echinacoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Herba Cistanches, which exhibits strong antioxidant activity. In this study, we evaluate the photoprotective effect of echinacoside on UVB-induced skin damage and explore the potential molecular mechanism. BALB/c mice and HaCaT cells were treated with echinacoside before UVB exposure. Histopathological examination was used to evaluate the skin damage. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage, and apoptosis were measured as well. Western blot was used to measure the expression of related proteins. The results revealed that pretreatment of echinacoside ameliorated the skin injury; attenuated oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis caused by UVB exposure; and normalized the protein levels of ATR, p53, PIAS3, hnRNP K, PARP, and XPA. To summarize, echinacoside is beneficial in the prevention of UVB-induced DNA damage and apoptosis of the skin in vivo and in vitro.

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Protective effect of total flavonoids from boxthorn leaf against UVB irradiation-induced skin injury

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v18i9.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 1943-1947

Author(s):

Qing Yu ◽

Ying Shen ◽

Yadan Gan ◽

Liang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Control Group ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Skin Injury ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Base Group

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of total flavonoids from boxthorn leaf against skin injury induced by UVB irradiation, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. Method: Healthy female mice (n = 100) were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, UV negative control group, cream base group, and boxthorn leaf total flavonoid (BLTF) group, with 25 mice in each group. The mice in each group were irradiated with ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation instrument for 1.5 h daily for 3 weeks. Mice in the cream base group were smeared with cream base on their backs, while mice in BLTF group were smeared with 15 mg/g boxthorn BLTF cream. The control and negative control group mice were not treated. Changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were determined using standard methods. Results: Compared to the negative control group, the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the control group and BLTF were significantly elevated, while MDA levels declined significantly (p < 0.05). Although higher GSH-Px and SOD levels, and lower MDA were seen in the cream base group than in negative control group, these indices were comparable for the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The total flavonoids of boxthorn leaves improve resistance to UVB-induced skin damage by regulating SOD, MDA and GSH-Px levels in the skin of mice. Thus, they exert protective effects on the skin.

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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Shungite against Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Damage in Hairless Mice

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/7340143 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ma. Easter Joy Sajo ◽

Cheol-Su Kim ◽

Soo-Ki Kim ◽

Kwang Yong Shim ◽

Tae-Young Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dorsal Side ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Mouse Serum ◽

Molecular Signaling ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Proinflammatory Response ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Anti Inflammatory

As fullerene-based compound applications have been rapidly increasing in the health industry, the need of biomedical research is urgently in demand. While shungite is regarded as a natural source of fullerene, it remains poorly documented. Here, we explored thein vivoeffects of shungite against ultraviolet B- (UVB-) induced skin damage by investigating the physiological skin parameters, immune-redox profiling, and oxidative stress molecular signaling. Toward this, mice were UVB-irradiated with 0.75 mW/cm2for two consecutive days. Consecutively, shungite was topically applied on the dorsal side of the mice for 7 days. First, we found significant improvements in the skin parameters of the shungite-treated groups revealed by the reduction in roughness, pigmentation, and wrinkle measurement. Second, the immunokine profiling in mouse serum and skin lysates showed a reduction in the proinflammatory response in the shungite-treated groups. Accordingly, the redox profile of shungite-treated groups showed counterbalance of ROS/RNS and superoxide levels in serum and skin lysates. Last, we have confirmed the involvement of Nrf2- and MAPK-mediated oxidative stress pathways in the antioxidant mechanism of shungite. Collectively, the results clearly show that shungite has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action against UVB-induced skin damage in hairless mice.

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Chemical Composition of a Novel Distillate from Fermented Mixture of Nine Anti-Inflammatory Herbs and Its UVB-Protective Efficacy in Mouse Dorsal Skin via Attenuating Collagen Disruption and Inflammation

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26010124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Young Her ◽

Tae-Kyeong Lee ◽

Ji Hyeon Ahn ◽

Soon Sung Lim ◽

Beom-Goo Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Topical Application ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Dorsal Skin ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Since ancient times, various herbs have been used in Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan, for wound healing and antiaging of the skin. In this study, we manufactured and chemically analyzed a novel distillate obtained from a fermented mixture of nine anti-inflammatory herbs (Angelica gigas, Lonicera japonica, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., D. opposita Thunb., Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon Aschers., Xanthium strumarium L., Cnidium officinale, and Houttuynia cordata Thunb.). The fermentation of natural plants possesses beneficial effects in living systems. These activities are attributed to the chemical conversion of the parent plants to functional constituents which show more potent biological activities. In our current study, the distillate has been manufactured after fermenting the nine oriental medical plants with Lactobacillus fermentum, followed by distilling. We analyzed the chemical ingredients involved in the distillate and evaluated the effects of topical application of the distillate on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Topical application of the distillate significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the dorsal skin against photodamage induced by UVB radiation. Additionally, our current results showed that topical application of the distillate alleviated collagen disruption and reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 β expressions) in the dorsal skin against UVB radiation. Taken together, our current findings suggest that the distillate has a potential to be used as a material to develop a photoprotective adjuvant.

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ETAS®50 Attenuates Ultraviolet-B-Induced Interleukin-6 Expression by Suppressing Akt Phosphorylation in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/1547120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ken Shirato ◽

Tomoko Koda ◽

Jun Takanari ◽

Junetsu Ogasawara ◽

Takuya Sakurai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

P38 Mapk ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Akt Phosphorylation ◽

Normal Human ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts

We recently reported that ETAS 50, a standardized extract from theAsparagus officinalisstem, exerted anti-inflammatory effects on ultraviolet-B- (UV-B-) irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB p65 nuclear import and the resulting interleukin-1β(IL-1β) expression. To further elucidate the antiphotoaging potency of ETAS 50, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects on UV-B-irradiated NHDFs by focusing on the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt signaling pathways. NHDFs were treated with 1 mg/mL of ETAS 50 or dextrin (vehicle control) after UV-B irradiation (20 mJ/cm2) for different time periods. Phosphorylation levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK, and Akt were analyzed by western blotting. IL-6 mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. UV-B-irradiated NHDFs showed increased phosphorylation levels of JNK, p38 MAPK, and Akt, as well as increased mRNA levels of IL-6. ETAS 50 treatment after UV-B irradiation suppressed the increased phosphorylation levels of Akt without affecting those of JNK and p38 MAPK. ETAS 50 as well as Akt inhibitor Perifosine repressed UV-B irradiation-induced IL-6 mRNA expression. These results suggest that ETAS 50 treatment represses UV-B irradiation-induced IL-6 expression by suppressing Akt phosphorylation. The present findings demonstrate the potential of ETAS 50 to prevent photoaging by attenuating UV-B irradiation-induced proinflammatory responses in skin fibroblasts.

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Comparison of Single and Combined Use of Ergothioneine, Ferulic Acid, and Glutathione as Antioxidants for the Prevention of Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced Photoaging Damage in Human Skin Fibroblasts

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9071204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1204

Author(s):

Gregory J. Tsay ◽

Shin-Yi Lin ◽

Chien-Yu Li ◽

Jeng-Leun Mau ◽

Shu-Yao Tsai

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Ferulic Acid ◽

Human Skin ◽

Photochemical Reactions ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Human Skin Fibroblast ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Unirradiated Control ◽

Combined Use

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation can cause human skin damage or skin aging and wrinkle formation through photochemical reactions. Antioxidative substances may ameliorate UV damage. In this study, the anti-photoaging activity of three antioxidants—ergothioneine, ferulic acid, and glutathione—was investigated after UVB irradiation of Hs68 human skin fibroblast cells. The cells treated with these three antioxidants appeared similar to unirradiated control cells. UVB irradiation decreased cell viability by 26% compared to that of unirradiated control cells. However, the addition of either single or combined antioxidants enhanced cell viability after UVB irradiation. These three antioxidants can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the UVB irradiation of the Hs68 cells. Ergothioneine showed a greater inhibitory effect on matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) performance than the other two antioxidants. IL-1 alpha was not detected in the Hs68 cells after exposure to a radiation dose of 150 mJ/cm2. Ergothioneine showed better restoration of type 1 procollagen than either ferulic acid or glutathione. Based on these results, the addition of two antioxidants was expected to restore type Ι procollagen production. In summary, these results demonstrate that the three tested antioxidants protect the skin against UVB-induced damage. The single and combined use of ergothioneine, ferulic acid, and glutathione has the potential for development as anti-photoaging materials in cosmetic applications.

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Anti-Inflammatory, Barrier-Protective, and Antiwrinkle Properties of Agastache rugosa Kuntze in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/1759067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Yoonjin Lee ◽

Hye-Won Lim ◽

In Wang Ryu ◽

Yu-Hua Huang ◽

Minsik Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Water Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Hacat Keratinocytes ◽

Agastache Rugosa ◽

Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽

Anti Inflammatory

This work aimed to assess the skin-beneficial properties of Agastache rugosa Kuntze, an herbal medication used to treat different types of disorders in traditional folk medicine. The total phenolic compounds and total antiradical, nitrite scavenging, superoxide scavenging, antielastase, and antihyaluronidase activities of a hot water extract of A. rugosa Kuntze leaves (ARE) were spectrophotometrically determined. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was fluorometrically quantitated using 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and filaggrin were evaluated using Western analysis. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure filaggrin mRNA. Caspase-14 activity was determined using a fluorogenic substrate. ARE contained the total phenolic content of 38.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract and exhibited 2,2 ′ -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide radical, and nitrite scavenging activities with the SC50 values of 2.9, 1.4, and 1.7 mg/mL, respectively. ARE exerted suppressive activities on nitric oxide (NO) and ROS levels elevated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in HaCaT keratinocytes. It attenuated the LPS-stimulated expression of iNOS. ARE augmented the UV-B-reduced filaggrin expression on both protein and mRNA levels and was capable of upregulating the UV-B-reduced caspase-14 activity. ARE inhibited in vitro elastase and hyaluronidase activities associated with the wrinkling process. ARE, at the concentrations used, did not interfere with the viability of HaCaT keratinocytes. These findings preliminarily imply that the leaves of A. rugosa possess desirable cosmetic potentials, such as anti-inflammatory, barrier protective, and antiwrinkle activities, which infers their skin healing potentials.

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Impact of the Canonical Wnt Pathway Activation on the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-0593-5956 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (07) ◽

pp. 575-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carlos Jucá ◽

Leandro Colli ◽

Clarissa Martins ◽

Marina Campanini ◽

Beatriz Paixão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Progression ◽

Wnt Pathway ◽

Target Genes ◽

Disease Recurrence ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Canonical Wnt Pathway ◽

Pathway Activation ◽

Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma ◽

Canonical Wnt

Abstract CTNNB1 mutations and abnormal β-catenin distribution are associated with the pathogenesis of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (aCP). We evaluated the expression of the canonical Wnt pathway components in aCPs and its association with CTNNB1 mutations and tumor progression. Tumor samples from 14 aCP patients and normal anterior pituitary samples from eight individuals without pituitary disease were studied. Gene expression of Wnt pathway activator (WNT4), inhibitors (SFRP1, DKK3, AXIN1, and APC), transcriptional activator (TCF7), target genes (MYC, WISP2, and, CDH1), and Wnt modulator (TP53) was evaluated by qPCR. β-Catenin, MYC, and WISP2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The transcription levels of all genes studied, except APC, were higher in aCPs as compared to controls and TCF7 mRNA levels correlated with CTNNB1 mutation. CDH1 mRNA was overexpressed in tumor samples of patients with disease progression in comparison to those with stable disease. β-Catenin was positive and aberrantly distributed in 11 out of 14 tumor samples. Stronger β-catenin immunostaining associated positively with tumor progression. MYC positive staining was found in 10 out of 14 cases, whereas all aCPs were negative for WISP2. Wnt pathway genes were overexpressed in aCPs harboring CTNNB1 mutations and in patients with progressive disease. Recurrence was associated with stronger staining for β-catenin. These data suggest that Wnt pathway activation contributes to the pathogenesis and prognosis of aCPs.

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