Potential Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of an Ethanol Extract from Bouea macrophylla

Bouea macrophylla is a tree widely grown throughout South East Asia. It is used in folk medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. The present study aimed to identify the chemical constituents and to test the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of an ethanol extract from B. macrophylla leaves. The extract exhibited excellent antibacterial properties against 9 out of 10 target microorganisms. including four Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio cholera, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and four Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus), as well as a fungus (Candida albicans). In addition, the extract was also tested on HeLa and human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cells to evaluate its cytostatic effects. The ethanol extract was able to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa and HCT116 cells, showing IC50 = 24 ± 0.8 and 28 ± 0.9 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the IC50 values of doxorubicin (standard) were 13.6 ± 1.3 and 15.8 ± 1.1 µg/mL respectively. Also, we identified various bioactive compounds in the extract such as polyphenols, flavonoids, caryophyllene, phytol, and trans-geranylgeraniol by GC-MS, which could contribute to the extract’s biological activities. Therefore, our findings strongly indicate that the constituents of the B. macrophylla ethanol extract could be active against the tested bacteria and fungi as well as cancer cells. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms mediating the antimicrobial and anticancer effects and identify signaling pathways that could be targeted for therapeutic application.

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Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Scorzonera Species

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22105128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 5128

Author(s):

Karolina Lendzion ◽

Agnieszka Gornowicz ◽

Krzysztof Bielawski ◽

Anna Bielawska

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Quinic Acid ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Starting Point ◽

Microbial Infections ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Bioactive Potential

The genus Scorzonera comprises nearly 200 species, naturally occurring in Europe, Asia, and northern parts of Africa. Plants belonging to the Scorzonera genus have been a significant part of folk medicine in Asia, especially China, Mongolia, and Turkey for centuries. Therefore, they have become the subject of research regarding their phytochemical composition and biological activity. The aim of this review is to present and assess the phytochemical composition, and bioactive potential of species within the genus Scorzonera. Studies have shown the presence of many bioactive compounds like triterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, or caffeic acid and quinic acid derivatives in extracts obtained from aerial and subaerial parts of the plants. The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties have been evaluated, together with the mechanism of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective activity. Scorzonera species have also been investigated for their activity against several bacteria and fungi strains. Despite mild cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines in vitro, the bioactive properties in wound healing therapy and the treatment of microbial infections might, in perspective, be the starting point for the research on Scorzonera species as active agents in medical products designed for miscellaneous skin conditions.

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Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Overview of Heritiera fomes: Future Prospects

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2014/938543 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Imran Mahmud ◽

Md Khirul Islam ◽

Sanjib Saha ◽

Apurba Kumar Barman ◽

Md Mustafizur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

River Deltas ◽

Traditional Health ◽

Heritiera Fomes ◽

Health Practitioners ◽

Important Medicinal Plant

Mangrove plants are specialized woody plants growing in the swamps of tidal-coastal areas and river deltas of tropical and subtropical parts of the world. They have been utilized for medicinal and other purposes by the coastal people over the years. Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham. (family: Sterculiaceae) commonly known as Sundari (Bengali) is a preeminent mangrove plant occurring in the Sundarbans forest located in the southern part of Bangladesh and adjoining West Bengal province of India. The plant has applications in traditional folk medicine as evidenced by its extensive use for treating diabetes, hepatic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, goiter, and skin diseases by the local people and traditional health practitioners. A number of investigations indicated that the plant possesses significant antioxidant, antinociceptive, antihyperglycemic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Phytochemical analyses have revealed the presence of important chemical constituents like saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, gums, phytosterols, and reducing sugars. The present study is aimed at compiling information on phytochemical, biological, pharmacological, and ethnobotanical properties of this important medicinal plant, with a view to critically assess the legitimacy of the use of this plant in the aforementioned disorders as well as providing directions for further research.

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Pengaruh Teknik dan Pelarut Ekstraksi Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Empat Jenis Ekstrak Daun Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

Talenta Conference Series Tropical Medicine (TM) ◽

10.32734/tm.v1i3.254 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 014-019

Author(s):

Ari Sri Windyaswari ◽

Yenni Karlina ◽

Amalia` Junita

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Native Plant ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Radical Method ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Infusion Method

Tanaman rosella merupakan tanaman asli dari benua Asia (India hingga Malaysia) dan benua Afrika. Kultivasi bagian bunga, daun, dan biji dari tanaman rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) telah lama digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan makanan dan pengobatan empiris. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan tanaman rosella memiliki aktivitas farmakologi sebagai antikanker, antibakteri dan antioksidan. Telah dilaporkan bahwa bagian daun dan akar rosella dilaporkan mengandung senyawa fenolik terbanyak dibandingkan dengan bagian lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik dan pelarut ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dari empat jenis ekstrak daun rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Teknik ekstraksi yang dilakukan adalah maserasi, infus dan refluk menggunakan pelarut air dan pelarut etanol. Aktivitas peredaman radikal bebas DPPH teridentifikasi pada pola kromatogram lapis tipis dengan penampak bercak DPPH 0,2% dari seluruh ekstrak daun rosella. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas DPPH dilakukan terhadap seluruh ekstrak daun rosella, yaitu ekstrak air teknik maserasi (AM), ekstrak air teknik infus (AI), ekstrak etanol teknik maserasi (EM), serta ekstrak etanol teknik refluk (ER). Nilai IC50 ekstrak AM, AI, EM dan ER berturut-turut adalah: 0,00056 ppm (sangat kuat); 0,00057 (sangat kuat); 0,00044 ppm (sangat kuat); 0,00092 ppm (sangat kuat). Metode penyarian metabolit sekunder optimal untuk aktivitas antioksidan pada daun rosella adalah teknik ekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut etanol (ER). Rosella is one of a native plant from Asia (India to Malaysia) and Africa. The Flowers, leaves, and seeds cultivated from rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) have been used in folk medicine as food and empirical treatment. The previous study reported the pharmacological activities of rosella as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant. It has been reported that leaf and root of rosella found to have phenolic compounds as the major components. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of extraction technique and solvent on the anti-oxidant activity of four extracts of rosella leaves (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). The extraction techniques include maceration, infusion and reflux with water and ethanol. Scavenging activities of DPPF free radical of all rosella leaves extracts were identified by thin layer chromatography, indicated by DPPH 0,2% reagent. The evaluation of antioxidant activity using scavenging DPPH free radical method was performed to all rosella leaves extract, including water extract by maceration method (AM), water extract by infusion method (AI), ethanol extract by maceration method (EM), ethanol extract by reflux method (ER). The IC50 values of AM, AI, EM and ER were 0,00056 ppm (very strong); 0,00057 (very strong); 0,00044 ppm (very strong); 0,00092 ppm (very strong). The most optimum method to extract secondary metabolite with anti-oxidant properties was maceration with ethanol (ER).

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Chemical constituents and their alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Solanum procumbens

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v5i3.1027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 1326-1333

Author(s):

Nhan Trung Nguyen ◽

Truong Nhat Van Do ◽

Tho Huu Le ◽

Phu Hoang Dang ◽

Hai Xuan Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Positive Control ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Perennial Shrub ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Folk Remedies

Solanum procumbens called ``Cà gai leo'' in Vietnam, belonged to the family of Solanaceae, which is a prickly diffuse, bright green perennial shrub, woody at the base. This plant has been sought for plenty of Vietnamese folk remedies for diseases such as rheumatism, back pain, detoxification, cough, pain relief, hemostasis, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Chemical reports revealed the presence of lots of secondary metabolites such as steroids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds that have good biological activities such as antibacterial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial... By column chromatography method together with thin layer normal-phase chromatography on the ethyl acetate extract of its entire plant, we isolated four compounds including dioscin (1), b -sitosterol (2), daucosterol (3) and 6'-O-acetyl-b -daucosterol (4). The result of theira-glucosidase inhibitory activity showed that compounds 2 and 4 had strong inhibition with IC50 values of 35.2 and 209.5 mM, comparing to the positive control, acarbose with an IC50 value of 214.5 mM. The results of this study have contributed to the scientific data of chemical compositions of Vietnamese medicinal plants, among them S. procumbens would potentially be developed as a plant-based drug to decrease the blood glucose level.

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Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng (Gac fruit): An abundant source of nutrient, phytochemicals and its pharmacological activities

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.p2515 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1844-1854

Author(s):

Priscilla Jayanthi Thavamany ◽

Hong Lim Chew ◽

Sreeramanan S. ◽

Bee Lynn Chew ◽

Ming-Thong Ong

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Momordica Cochinchinensis ◽

Β Carotene

Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) is an exploitable perennial dioecious fruit found commonly in Southeast Asian countries (SA). Gac fruit has been traditionally used in folk medicine due to its high medicinal and nutritive value. Generally, the aril of the fruit is used as a red colourant for cuisines and supplement for healthier vision. Gac fruit is highly rich in lycopene and β- carotene, fatty acids, vitamin E, polyphenols like phenolic acids, flavonoids and trypsin inhibitors. These compounds are linked with many important bioactivities such as provitamin A, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and anticancer activities. This paper reviews the findings on nutritional properties, phytochemical composition and the biological activities of Gac fruit. The review has also briefly discussed the suitable conditions for the storage and utilisation of the fruit in food, beverage, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries

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Isolation of Lasiodiplodin and Evaluation of some Biological Activities of the Stem Barks of Phyllanthus Albizzioides (Kurz) Hook.f.

SciMedicine Journal ◽

10.28991/scimedj-2019-0104-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 199-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Khine Zar Wynn Lae ◽

Su Swe Su ◽

Nwet Nwet Win ◽

Ni Ni Than ◽

Hla Ngwe

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Traditional System ◽

Spectroscopic Analyses ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Relative Structure

A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people throughout the world. It is now mostly thought that nature has given the cure of every disease in one form or another. Plants have been known to cure people from various diseases in Ayurveda. This research focused on the screening of phytochemicals and some biological activities of Phyllanthus albizzioides. The research showed that the ethanol extracts were found to be greater chemical constituents than watery extracts. Among the chemical constituents, steroid compounds were observed in highest amount in ethanol extract and the second highest in flavonoid compounds followed by tannin compounds and pheolic compounds. Furthermore, the ethanol extracts were more effective than the watery extracts in all tested biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antitumor and NO inhibition activities. A cyclohexanone compound was isolated from the chloroform extract of the stem bark of P. albizzioides. The relative structure was determined to be 4,5-dihydroxy-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-enone on the basic of HRESIMS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses, including 2D NMR experiments.

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Metabolomic Profiling, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Hypericum Species Growing in South Korea

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200710 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heung Joo Yuk ◽

Kyeong Yeol Oh ◽

Doo-Young Kim ◽

Hyuk-Hwan Song ◽

Jun Young Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Principal Component ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Hypericum Species

Although Hypericum species are best known as plants that produce hypericin and are used in folk medicine, their other chemical constituents are poorly understood. Polyphenolic secondary metabolites from whole plants of representative Korean Hypericum species ( H. laxum Koidz., H. erectum Thunb., and H. ascyron L.) were analyzed using a ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)-based approach combined with unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) multivariate analysis. On the loading scatter plot, significant changes in metabolites were found between species, and three flavonol glycosides (8: quercetin-3- O-galactoside, 12: kaempferol-3- O-glucoside, and 13: quercetin-3- O-rhamnoside) were evaluated as key markers among 17 isolated metabolites. The extracts of H. laxum Koidz. exhibited significant quenching effects on DPPH and ABTS radicals, with IC50 values of 10–20 μg/mL, and were slightly higher in total phenol (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents than other species. Additionally, anti-inflammatory activity was observed by reduced nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). This is the first study to report the presence of bioactive metabolites and their correlating biological activities in H. laxum Koidz.

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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030872 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 872 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽

Amany Magdy Beshbishy ◽

Lamiaa G. Wasef ◽

Yaser H. A. Elewa ◽

Ahmed A. Al-Sagan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Sativum ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Herbaceous Plant ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Traditional Remedy

Medicinal plants have been used from ancient times for human healthcare as in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herbaceous plant that is consumed worldwide as food and traditional remedy for various diseases. It has been reported to possess several biological properties including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihypertensive activities in traditional medicines. A. sativum is rich in several sulfur-containing phytoconstituents such as alliin, allicin, ajoenes, vinyldithiins, and flavonoids such as quercetin. Extracts and isolated compounds of A. sativum have been evaluated for various biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others. This review examines the phytochemical composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of A. sativum extracts as well as its main active constituent, allicin.

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Viburnum opulus L. Fruit Extracts Protect Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019040005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paşayeva ◽

Arslan ◽

Kararenk

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Iridoid Glycosides ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Viburnum Opulus ◽

Human Neuroblastoma

Viburnum L., is one of the most diverse genera of Caprifoliaceae family. There are 4 species of this genus in Turkey. One of them is Viburnum opulus L. The fruits of V. opulus have been used as an antidiabetic in Turkish folk medicine and a traditional drink named “gilaburu” in Middle Anatolia. Oxidative stress is involved in the cell degenerative changes in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of human chronic diseases, such as cancer. Some of the studies carried out on the V. opulus extracts revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, hydroxybenzoic acids, tannins, coumarins, cathechols, iridoid glycosides, antocyanins, and some others. Most of these polyphenols have various biological activities, including antioxidant, cancer chemopreventive, and anticancer activities. This study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant properties of the ethanol extract (VOE), decoction (VOD) and fruit juice (VOFJ) from the fruits of V. opulus against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Our study revealed that the VOE, VOD and VOFJ provided neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, VOE, VOD and VOFJ can be used as a functional dietary ingredient that might help in reducing health problems associated with various oxidative stress insults.

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Novel Antidepressant-Like Activity of Propolis Extract Mediated by Enhanced Glucocorticoid Receptor Function in the Hippocampus

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/217853 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mi-Sook Lee ◽

Young Han Kim ◽

Wan-Soon Park ◽

Won Gyeong Ahn ◽

Ok Kyu Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Tail Suspension Test ◽

Treated Group ◽

Novel Therapy ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Immobility Time ◽

Element Binding Protein

Propolis is a natural product made by honeybees that has been widely used in folk medicine with a broad spectrum of biological activities. To investigate the antidepressant-like activity of propolis extract, CD-1 mice were administered an ethanol extract of propolis (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to the behavioral test. The propolis extract-treated group showed a dose-dependent decrease in immobility time in the FST and tail suspension test without altering locomotor activity. Propolis extract decreased the limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to the FST as indicated by an attenuated corticosterone response and decreased in c-fos immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Western blot analysis revealed a reduction in hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression following the FST, which was reversed by propolis extract. Propolis extract also increased pGR(S220)/(S234) ratio by a differential phosphorylation in S220 and S234. FST-induced downregulation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein phosphorylation at S133 (pCREB) was restored by propolis extract, showing a strong and positive relationship between pCREB and pGR(S220)/(S234) ratio. These findings suggest that the propolis extract potentiates antidepressant-like activity by enhancing GR function which is one of the therapeutic mechanisms of antidepressant; thus, propolis extract may provide a novel therapy for depression.

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