scholarly journals Glycomacropeptide Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Enteropathy in Rats by Modifying Intestinal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cervantes-García ◽  
Armida I. Bahena-Delgado ◽  
Mariela Jiménez ◽  
Laura E. Córdova-Dávalos ◽  
Vanessa Ruiz-Esparza Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Nsaid Enteropathy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced enteropathy is considered a serious and increasing clinical problem without available treatment. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a 64-amino acid peptide derived from milk κ-casein with numerous biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of GMP on NSAID enteropathy in rats. Enteropathy was induced by seven days oral indomethacin administration. Rats were orally GMP treated from seven days previous and during the establishment of the enteropathy model. Changes in metabolism, hematological and biochemical blood alterations, intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage were analyzed. Integrity barrier markers, macroscopic intestinal damage and survival rate were also evaluated. GMP treatment prevented anorexia and weight loss in animals. Furthermore, prophylaxis with GMP ameliorated the decline in hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin and total protein levels. The treatment had no therapeutic efficacy on the decrease of occludin and mucin (MUC)-2 expression in intestinal tissue. However, GMP markedly decreased neutrophil infiltration, and CXCL1, interleukin-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Nitric oxide production and lipid hydroperoxide level in the small intestine were also diminished. These beneficial effects were mirrored by preventing ulcer development and increasing animal survival. These results suggest that GMP may protect against NSAID enteropathy through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Soroseris hirsuta Extract by regulating iNOS/NF-κB and NRF2/HO-1 Pathways in Murine Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4711
Author(s):  
Woo Jin Lee ◽  
Wan Yi Li ◽  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Sung Keun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Until now, the physiological effects of Soroseris hirsuta were primarily unknown. Here we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Soroseris hirsuta extract (SHE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells. SHE inhibited nitric oxide expression and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS. Moreover, SHE suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB kinase, inhibitor of kappa B, p65, p38, and c-JUN N-terminal kinase. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that SHE suppressed p65 nuclear translocation induced by LPS. Furthermore, SHE inhibited the reactive oxygen species in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. SHE significantly increased heme oxygenase-1 expression and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. SHE suppressed LPS-induced interleukin-1β mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, SHE is a promising nutraceutical as it displays anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals The Essential Oil and Hydrolats from Myristica fragrans Seeds with Magnesium Aluminometasilicate as Excipient: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Activity

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Matulyte ◽  
Aiste Jekabsone ◽  
Lina Jankauskaite ◽  
Paulina Zavistanaviciute ◽  
Vytaute Sakiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Nutmeg Essential Oil

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil has antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We have recently demonstrated that hydrodistillation of nutmeg essential oil by applying magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient significantly increases both the content and amount of bioactive substances in the oil and hydrolats. In this study, we aimed to compare the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity of hydrolats and essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the presence and absence of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method revealed that magnesium aluminometasilicate did not significantly improved antioxidant activity of both essential oil and hydrolat. Antibacterial efficiency was evaluated by monitoring growth of 15 bacterial strains treated by a range of dilutions of the essential oil and the hydrolats. Essential oil with an excipient completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans (referent), and P. multocida, whereas the pure oil was only efficient against the latter strain. Finally, the anti-inflammatory properties of the substances were assessed in a fibroblast cell culture treated with viral dsRNR mimetic Poly I:C. The essential oil with an excipient protected cells against Poly I:C-induced necrosis more efficiently compared to pure essential oil. Also, both the oil and the hydrolats with aluminometasilicate were more efficient in preventing IL-6 release in the presence of Poly I:C. Our results show that the use of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient might change and in some cases improve the biological activities of nutmeg essential oil and hydrolats.

scholarly journals Protium javanicum Burm. Methanol Extract Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Activities in Macrophage-Like RAW264.7 Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Ahujaa ◽  
Mi-Yeon Kim ◽  
Jae Youl Cho
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Stat3 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Protium javanicum Burm. f. is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine. Gum and oleoresins from this plant have been used as anti-inflammatory agents for treating ulcers, headaches, eyelid inflammation, and rheumatic pain. However, its anti-inflammatory mechanism of action is still unknown. To better understand the mechanism, we used lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW264.7 cells to measure inflammatory mediators with the Griess assay and to identify target signaling molecules by immunoblot analysis. In this study, we report that the Protium javanicum methanol extract (Pj-ME) plays an important role in suppressing nitric oxide (NO) levels without cytotoxicity. The effect of Pj-ME in LPS-induced expression leads to reduced inflammatory cytokine expression, specifically inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Pj-ME significantly inhibited LPS-induced protein expression of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in a time-dependent manner. Syk and Src were identified as putative signaling molecules of Pj-ME-mediated anti-inflammatory activity, which were inhibited by Pj-ME. We demonstrated that Pj-ME controls the STAT3 signaling pathway by suppressing STAT3 and JAK phosphorylation and also downregulates the gene expression of IL-6. Therefore, these results elucidate Pj-ME as a novel anti-inflammatory naturally derived drug with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties which may be subject to therapeutic and prognostic relevance.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive Activities and the Mechanisms of Anti-Inflammation of Asiatic Acid in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyh-Shyun Huang ◽  
Chuan-Sung Chiu ◽  
Hsien-Jung Chen ◽  
Wen-Chi Hou ◽  
Ming-Jyh Sheu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Asiatic acid (AA), a pentacyclic triterpene compound in the medicinal plantCentella asiatica, was evaluated for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment of male ICR mice with AA significantly inhibited the numbers of acetic acid-induced writhing responses and the formalin-induced pain in the late phase. In the anti-inflammatory test, AA decreased the paw edema at the 4th and 5th h afterλ-carrageenan (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver tissue. AA decreased the nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) levels on serum level at the 5th h after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that AA decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expressions at the 5th h in the edema paw. An intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection treatment with AA also diminished neutrophil infiltration into sites of inflammation as did indomethacin (Indo). The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of AA might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA, iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx in the liver.

scholarly journals Bergenin Reduces Experimental Painful Diabetic Neuropathy by Restoring Redox and Immune Homeostasis in the Nervous System

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane F. Villarreal ◽  
Dourivaldo S. Santos ◽  
Pedro S. S. Lauria ◽  
Kelly B. Gama ◽  
Renan F. Espírito-Santo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
No Production ◽  
Painful Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Diabetic neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes. Symptoms include neuropathic pain and sensory alterations—no effective treatments are currently available. This work characterized the therapeutic effect of bergenin in a mouse (C57/BL6) model of streptozotocin-induced painful diabetic neuropathy. Nociceptive thresholds were assessed by the von Frey test. Cytokines, antioxidant genes, and oxidative stress markers were measured in nervous tissues by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and biochemical analyses. Single (3.125–25 mg/kg) or multiple (25 mg/kg; twice a day for 14 days) treatments with bergenin reduced the behavioral signs of diabetic neuropathy in mice. Bergenin reduced both nitric oxide (NO) production in vitro and malondialdehyde (MDA)/nitrite amounts in vivo. These antioxidant properties can be attributed to the modulation of gene expression by the downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and upregulation of glutathione peroxidase and Nrf2 in the nervous system. Bergenin also modulated the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines production in neuropathic mice. The long-lasting antinociceptive effect induced by bergenin in neuropathic mice, was associated with a shift of the cytokine balance toward anti-inflammatory predominance and upregulation of antioxidant pathways, favoring the reestablishment of redox and immune homeostasis in the nervous system. These results point to the therapeutic potential of bergenin in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.

scholarly journals Bioactive Bioflavonoids from Platonia insignis (Bacuri) Residues as Added Value Compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayane Ribeiro ◽  
Helena Russo ◽  
Karina Fraige ◽  
Maria Zeraik ◽  
Cláudio Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Platonia insignis fruit, popularly known as bacuri, is traditionally used in folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study determined the chemical composition and biological activities of the bacuri’s shell and seeds extracts, considered residues from its consumption and industrial uses. Four biflavonoids (GB-2a, GB-1a, morelloflavone, and volkensiflavone) were identified in the extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and liquid chromatography-solid phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance (LC-SPE-NMR) techniques. Morelloflavone was identified as the main compound in the shell ethyl acetate extract, being responsible for the high in vitro antioxidant (50% effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 8.0-10.5 µg mL−1 in different protocols), anti-glycant (80%), and moderate inhibition of nitric oxide (1.56 µg mL−1 for > 90% cell viability) activities. This extract showed promising in vivo anti-inflammatory activity evaluated through the paw edema protocol after its incorporation into a liquid-crystalline drug carrier system, reducing the edema by up to 31%. The results demonstrated the potential of the fruit for the development of drugs of natural origin and corroborated to add economic value to these discarded residues.

scholarly journals Purinergic P2X7 receptor antagonist ameliorates intestinal inflammation in postoperative ileus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Kimura ◽  
Takako Yamazaki ◽  
Taiki Mihara ◽  
Noriyuki Kaji ◽  
Masatoshi Hori
Keyword(s):  
P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Purinergic P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Postoperative ileus (POI) is gastrointestinal motility dysfunction after abdominal surgery caused by mechanical stress to intestine. It occurs nausea and vomiting, and lead to lower QOL during hospitalization for patients. It is regarded as a problem because it costs medical expenses due to long hospitalization. The intestinal inflammation caused by macrophage and neutrophil is thought to be important of the mechanism of POI. In tissue injury or inflammation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released from injured cell. Purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is expressed on inflammatory cells and ATP induces the secretion of inflammatory mediators through P2X7R. P2X7R antagonist is thought to be important in the first step of inflammation, and it is confirmed that P2X7R antagonist showed anti-inflammatory effects in chemically-induced colitis models. Therefore, we hypothesized that P2X7R has important function in POI and examined the effect of P2X7R antagonist in mouse POI model. As a result, P2X7R antagonist A438079 ameliorated macrophage and neutrophil infiltration in POI. The impairment of intestinal transit was improved by P2X7R antagonist. It tended to ameliorate the increase of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression in intestinal muscularis caused by POI. P2X7R expressed on both infiltrated and resident macrophages in the inflamed ileal muscle layer. In conclusion, P2X7R antagonist showed the anti-inflammatory effect through P2X7R on macrophages, and it may be the target to treat POI.

scholarly journals A Water-Soluble Extract from Actinidia arguta Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Mice by Inhibition of Neutrophil Infiltration

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-keun Kim ◽  
Min Bae ◽  
Seonung Lim ◽  
Wonwoo Lee ◽  
Sunyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with complex etiology involving multiple factors. Current treatment methods are highly limited and there is a strong need for the development of safer and efficacious agents. We have previously shown that a water-soluble extract derived from hardy kiwifruit Actinidia arguta, called PG102, shows potent anti-inflammatory effects. Based on its reported biological activities, the effects of PG102 were examined on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Our results showed that topical application of PG102 ameliorates clinical symptoms of psoriasis, reducing skin thickness and Interleukin (IL)-17A level in draining lymph nodes without causing any adverse effects. Treatment with PG102 on cytokine-stimulated HaCaT cells suppressed hyperproliferation and downregulated the expression of various chemokines and antimicrobial peptides known to induce neutrophil infiltration. These anti-inflammatory activities of PG102 were mediated via inhibition of NF-κB and signal transducer of activation (STAT) signaling. We also found decreased neutrophil chemotaxis both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, PG102 has potential as a safe and effective reagent for the treatment of psoriasis.

scholarly journals The Antiaging Effect of Active Fractions and Ent-11α-Hydroxy-15-Oxo-Kaur-16-En-19-Oic Acid Isolated from Adenostemma lavenia (L.) O. Kuntze at the Cellular Level

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Rika Indri Astuti ◽  
Muhammad Eka Prastya ◽  
Auliya Ilmiawati ◽  
Miwa Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The extract of Adenostemma lavenia (L.) O. Kuntze leaves has anti-inflammatory activities and is used as a folk medicine to treat patients with hepatitis and pneumonia in China and Taiwan. The diterpenoid ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA) is the major ingredient in the extract and has wide-spectrum biological activities, such as antitumor and antimelanogenic activities, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. However, the physical and biological properties of this compound as an antioxidant or antiaging agent have not been reported yet. Methods: In addition to in vitro assays, we monitored antioxidative and antiaging signals in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (yeast) and mouse melanoma B16F10 cells. Results: A. lavenia water and chloroform fractions showed antioxidant properties in vitro. The A. lavenia extracts and 11αOH-KA conferred resistance to H2O2 to S. pombe and B16F10 cells and extended the yeast lifespan in a concentration-dependent manner. These materials maintained the yeast mitochondrial activity, even in a high-glucose medium, and induced an antioxidant gene program, the transcriptional factor pap1+ and its downstream ctt1+. Accordingly, 11αOH-KA activated the antioxidative transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2, NRF2, the mammalian ortholog of pap1+, in B16F10 cells, which was accompanied by enhanced hemeoxygenase expression levels. These results suggest that 11αOH-KA and A. lavenia extracts may protect yeast and mammalian cells from oxidative stress and aging. Finally, we hope that these materials could be helpful in treating COVID-19 patients, because A. lavenia extracts and NRF2 activators have been reported to alleviate the symptoms of pneumonia in model animals.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) in a Model of LPS-Induced Sepsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine de Pádua Lúcio ◽  
Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo ◽  
Carolina Morais Araújo ◽  
Geraldo Célio Brandão ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sepsis is a complex disease and is the cause of many deaths worldwide. Sepsis pathogenesis involves a dysregulated inflammatory response with consequent production of inflammatory mediators and reactive species. The production and excessive release of these substances into the systemic circulation trigger various cellular and metabolic alterations that are observed during the disease evolution. Thus, more studies have been carried out to investigate the therapeutic potential of plants such as Morus nigra L., popularly known as black mulberry. Studies have shown that plants belonging to the Morus genus are rich in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids which are associated with important biological activities as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Based on this context, the objective of our study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Morus nigra L. in a sepsis model induced by LPS. Male C57BL/6 mice were distributed in four groups: control, sepsis, sepsis treated with leaf extract of mulberry, and sepsis treated with mulberry pulp. The animals were treated with 100 μL of their respective treatments for twenty-one days. Sepsis was induced at the 21st day with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intraperitoneal injection. The animals were euthanized 24 hours after receiving the LPS injection. The data obtained were analyzed in GraphPad Prism 6.0 software. Our results showed that treatment with either extract significantly decreased the number of leukocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum levels of TNF in septic animals. Regarding the redox status, the treatments significantly decreased the antioxidant activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Regarding metalloproteinase type 2, it was observed that the treatment with black mulberry pulp was able to significantly reduce the activity of this enzyme concerning the sepsis group. Finally, these results together promoted an increase in the animal’s survival that received the black mulberry leaf or pulp extract.

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