A Global Review on Short Peptides: Frontiers and Perspectives

Peptides are fragments of proteins that carry out biological functions. They act as signaling entities via all domains of life and interfere with protein-protein interactions, which are indispensable in bio-processes. Short peptides include fundamental molecular information for a prelude to the symphony of life. They have aroused considerable interest due to their unique features and great promise in innovative bio-therapies. This work focusing on the current state-of-the-art short peptide-based therapeutical developments is the first global review written by researchers from all continents, as a celebration of 100 years of peptide therapeutics since the commencement of insulin therapy in the 1920s. Peptide “drugs” initially played only the role of hormone analogs to balance disorders. Nowadays, they achieve numerous biomedical tasks, can cross membranes, or reach intracellular targets. The role of peptides in bio-processes can hardly be mimicked by other chemical substances. The article is divided into independent sections, which are related to either the progress in short peptide-based theranostics or the problems posing challenge to bio-medicine. In particular, the SWOT analysis of short peptides, their relevance in therapies of diverse diseases, improvements in (bio)synthesis platforms, advanced nano-supramolecular technologies, aptamers, altered peptide ligands and in silico methodologies to overcome peptide limitations, modern smart bio-functional materials, vaccines, and drug/gene-targeted delivery systems are discussed.

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Social Relations Across the Life Span: Scientific Advances, Emerging Issues, and Future Challenges

Annual Review of Developmental Psychology ◽

10.1146/annurev-devpsych-121318-085212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 313-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Toni C. Antonucci ◽

Kristine J. Ajrouch ◽

Noah J. Webster ◽

Laura B. Zahodne

Keyword(s):

Social Relations ◽

New Technologies ◽

Well Being ◽

Great Promise ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Domains Of Life ◽

Emerging Issues ◽

The Life Course ◽

Health And Well Being

Accumulating evidence demonstrates the importance of social relations at all stages of life (infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age) and in diverse domains of life (including health and well-being). To illustrate the newest advancements in the scientific study of social relations over the life course, we address five emerging areas of importance: societal and demographic changes in family structure; effects of new technologies on social relations; the fundamental influence of context on social relations, illustrated with the sample case of health; the role of social relations in the unfortunate but pressing crisis of trauma among the increasing number of refugees worldwide; and, finally, effects of social relations on cognitive functioning in late life. Each of these areas highlights critical key concepts and methodological approaches, illustrating that the study of social relations is demanding but holds great promise for meeting the urgent needs of developmental science specifically and society generally.

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Role of small nuclear RNAs in eukaryotic gene expression

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/bse0540079 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 79-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Saba Valadkhan ◽

Lalith S. Gunawardane

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Rna Stability ◽

Splice Sites ◽

Branch Site ◽

Small Nuclear Rnas ◽

Eukaryotic Gene Expression ◽

Eukaryotic Gene ◽

Rna Biogenesis

Eukaryotic cells contain small, highly abundant, nuclear-localized non-coding RNAs [snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs)] which play important roles in splicing of introns from primary genomic transcripts. Through a combination of RNA–RNA and RNA–protein interactions, two of the snRNPs, U1 and U2, recognize the splice sites and the branch site of introns. A complex remodelling of RNA–RNA and protein-based interactions follows, resulting in the assembly of catalytically competent spliceosomes, in which the snRNAs and their bound proteins play central roles. This process involves formation of extensive base-pairing interactions between U2 and U6, U6 and the 5′ splice site, and U5 and the exonic sequences immediately adjacent to the 5′ and 3′ splice sites. Thus RNA–RNA interactions involving U2, U5 and U6 help position the reacting groups of the first and second steps of splicing. In addition, U6 is also thought to participate in formation of the spliceosomal active site. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests additional roles for snRNAs in regulation of various aspects of RNA biogenesis, from transcription to polyadenylation and RNA stability. These snRNP-mediated regulatory roles probably serve to ensure the co-ordination of the different processes involved in biogenesis of RNAs and point to the central importance of snRNAs in eukaryotic gene expression.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Role of cholesterol and polyunsaturated chains in lipid-protein interactions: molecular dynamics simulation of rhodopsin in a realistic membrane environment.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1025182.297783 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Tetsuji Okada

Keyword(s):

Molecular Dynamics ◽

Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Dynamics Simulation ◽

Lipid Protein Interactions

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Structure of pulmonary surfactant membranes and films: the role of proteins and lipid-protein interactions.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1123459.580634 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Matthias Ochs

Keyword(s):

Protein Interactions ◽

Pulmonary Surfactant ◽

Lipid Protein Interactions

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The Role of Entrepreneurship in Local Economic Growth: Example of Gaziantep

International Conference on Eurasian Economies 2012 ◽

10.36880/c03.00487 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Mehmet Vahit Eren ◽

Erdinç Tutar ◽

Filiz Tutar ◽

Çisil Erkan

Keyword(s):

Swot Analysis ◽

Vital Role ◽

Local Economy ◽

Government Policies ◽

Optimum Level ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Local Economies ◽

The Status ◽

Financial Growth

In order to avoid social inequality of opportunity and improvement of local economies have become government policies in Turkey, as it is in other countries around the world. Incentives, regional development agencies, techno parks and also local entrepreneurs play crucial role in the improvement process of local economies. The increasing rivalry and globalization concept necessitate entrepreneurs to take more risks, to reach innovations to seize opportunities in optimum level. Entrepreneurship is a motor vessel in financial growth and in development, and entrepreneurship is also the source of innovation and creativity. In this regard, the more entrepreneurship develops in a country, the higher level of welfare possesses the chance to advance. The purpose of this report, in which it has been aimed to reveal vital role of entrepreneurship in the progress of local economies, is emphasizing the status of entrepreneurship that transformed Gaziantep’s socio-economic level of development into its present position. Thus with this aim a SWOT analysis, in terms of Gaziantep’s economic entrepreneurship has been carried out. Positive contributions of Gaziantep’s immensely developed industry, facilitation of local innovative entrepreneurs’ involvement in various local economic sectors and in accordance channeling immigration into deployment in local economy have been observed in this study. Significantly it has been observed that plenitude of “opportunist entrepreneurship” or in other words “the entrepreneurs with strategic growth plans” in this region contributed local economy positively.

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Deep Learning in the Study of Protein-Related Interactions

Protein and Peptide Letters ◽

10.2174/0929866526666190723114142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 359-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cheng Shi ◽

Jiaxing Chen ◽

Xinyue Kang ◽

Guiling Zhao ◽

Xingzhen Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Physiological Data ◽

Great Promise ◽

Complex Data ◽

Protein Protein Interactions ◽

Learning Patterns ◽

Introductory Overview ◽

Protein Research ◽

Neural Network Theory

: Protein-related interaction prediction is critical to understanding life processes, biological functions, and mechanisms of drug action. Experimental methods used to determine proteinrelated interactions have always been costly and inefficient. In recent years, advances in biological and medical technology have provided us with explosive biological and physiological data, and deep learning-based algorithms have shown great promise in extracting features and learning patterns from complex data. At present, deep learning in protein research has emerged. In this review, we provide an introductory overview of the deep neural network theory and its unique properties. Mainly focused on the application of this technology in protein-related interactions prediction over the past five years, including protein-protein interactions prediction, protein-RNA\DNA, Protein– drug interactions prediction, and others. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges that deep learning currently faces.

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Role of novel drug delivery systems in coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19): time to act now

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200916090710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Neeraj Mittal ◽

Varun Garg ◽

Sanjay Kumar Bhadada ◽

O. P. Katare

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

World Health ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Novel Drug

: The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has found its roots from Wuhan (China). COVID-19 is caused by a novel corona virus SARS-CoV2, previously named as 2019-nCoV. COVID-19 has spread across the globe and declared as pandemic by World health organization (WHO) on 11th March, 2020. Currently, there is no standard drug or vaccine available for the treatment, so repurposing of existing drugs is the only solution. Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) will be boon for the repurposing of drugs. The role of various NDDS in repurposing of existing drugs for treatment of various viral diseases and their relevance in COVID-19 has discussed in this paper. It focuses on the currently ongoing research in the implementation of NDDS in COVID-19. Moreover it describes the role of NDDS in vaccine development for COVID-19. This paper also emphasizes how NDDS will help to develop the improved delivery systems (dosage forms) of existing therapeutic agents and also explore the new insights to find out the void spaces for a potential targeted delivery. So in these tough times, NDDS and nanotechnology can be a safeguard to humanity.

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Bridging the Gap of Drug Delivery in Colon Cancer: The Role of Chitosan and Pectin Based Nanocarriers System

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200717090623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 911-924

Author(s):

Rohitas Deshmukh

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Colon Cancer ◽

Targeted Drug Delivery ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Therapeutic Agent ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Polymer Carriers

Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases, and traditional chemotherapy has not been proven beneficial in its treatment. It ranks second in terms of mortality due to all cancers for all ages. Lack of selectivity and poor biodistribution are the biggest challenges in developing potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of colon cancer. Nanoparticles hold enormous prospects as an effective drug delivery system. The delivery systems employing the use of polymers, such as chitosan and pectin as carrier molecules, ensure the maximum absorption of the drug, reduce unwanted side effects and also offer protection to the therapeutic agent from quick clearance or degradation, thus allowing an increased amount of the drug to reach the target tissue or cells. In this systematic review of published literature, the author aimed to assess the role of chitosan and pectin as polymer-carriers in colon targeted delivery of drugs in colon cancer therapy. This review summarizes the various studies employing the use of chitosan and pectin in colon targeted drug delivery systems.

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Interactome Analysis of KIN (Kin17) Shows New Functions of This Protein

Current Issues in Molecular Biology ◽

10.3390/cimb43020056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 767-781

Author(s):

Vanessa Pinatto Gaspar ◽

Anelise Cardoso Ramos ◽

Philippe Cloutier ◽

José Renato Pattaro Junior ◽

Francisco Ferreira Duarte Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Replication ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Ribosome Biogenesis ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Cell Types ◽

Protein Protein Interactions ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

Cancerous Cell ◽

First Time

KIN (Kin17) protein is overexpressed in a number of cancerous cell lines, and is therefore considered a possible cancer biomarker. It is a well-conserved protein across eukaryotes and is ubiquitously expressed in all cell types studied, suggesting an important role in the maintenance of basic cellular function which is yet to be well determined. Early studies on KIN suggested that this nuclear protein plays a role in cellular mechanisms such as DNA replication and/or repair; however, its association with chromatin depends on its methylation state. In order to provide a better understanding of the cellular role of this protein, we investigated its interactome by proximity-dependent biotin identification coupled to mass spectrometry (BioID-MS), used for identification of protein–protein interactions. Our analyses detected interaction with a novel set of proteins and reinforced previous observations linking KIN to factors involved in RNA processing, notably pre-mRNA splicing and ribosome biogenesis. However, little evidence supports that this protein is directly coupled to DNA replication and/or repair processes, as previously suggested. Furthermore, a novel interaction was observed with PRMT7 (protein arginine methyltransferase 7) and we demonstrated that KIN is modified by this enzyme. This interactome analysis indicates that KIN is associated with several cell metabolism functions, and shows for the first time an association with ribosome biogenesis, suggesting that KIN is likely a moonlight protein.

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