scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Bioactivities of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids (MIAs) from Six Apocynaceae Genera

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Afrah E. Mohammed ◽  
Zainab H. Abdul-Hameed ◽  
Modhi O. Alotaibi ◽  
Nahed O. Bawakid ◽  
Tariq R. Sobahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Drug Lead ◽  
The Family ◽  
Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Drug Leads ◽  
Anti Hiv

By the end of the twentieth century, the interest in natural compounds as probable sources of drugs has declined and was replaced by other strategies such as molecular target-based drug discovery. However, in the recent times, natural compounds regained their position as extremely important source drug leads. Indole-containing compounds are under clinical use which includes vinblastine and vincristine (anticancer), atevirdine (anti-HIV), yohimbine (erectile dysfunction), reserpine (antihypertension), ajmalicine (vascular disorders), ajmaline (anti-arrhythmic), vincamine (vasodilator), etc. Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids (MIAs) deserve the curiosity and attention of researchers due to their chemical diversity and biological activities. These compounds were considered as an impending source of drug-lead. In this review 444 compounds, were identified from six genera belonging to the family Apocynaceae, will be discussed. These genera (Alstonia, Rauvolfia, Kopsia, Ervatamia, and Tabernaemontana, and Rhazya) consist of 400 members and represent 20% of Apocynaceae species. Only 30 (7.5%) species were investigated, whereas the rest are promising to be investigated. Eleven bioactivities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities, were reported. Whereas cytotoxic effect represents 47% of the reported activities. Convincingly, the genera selected in this review are a wealthy source for future anticancer drug lead.

scholarly journals Natural Indole Alkaloids from Marine Fungi: Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Chun-Lin Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Unique Chemical

The indole scaffold is one of the most important heterocyclic ring systems for pharmaceutical development, and serves as an active moiety in several clinical drugs. Fungi derived from marine origin are more liable to produce novel indole-containing natural products due to their extreme living environments. The indole alkaloids from marine fungi have drawn considerable attention for their unique chemical structures and significant biological activities. This review attempts to provide a summary of the structural diversity of marine fungal indole alkaloids including prenylated indoles, diketopiperazine indoles, bisindoles or trisindoles, quinazoline-containing indoles, indole-diterpenoids, and other indoles, as well as their known biological activities, mainly focusing on cytotoxic, kinase inhibitory, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-insecticidal, and brine shrimp lethal effects. A total of 306 indole alkaloids from marine fungi have been summarized, covering the references published from 1995 to early 2021, expecting to be beneficial for drug discovery in the future.

scholarly journals Nidulantes of Aspergillus (Formerly Emericella): A Treasure Trove of Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najla Ali Alburae ◽  
Afrah E. Mohammed ◽  
Hajer Saeed Alorfi ◽  
Adnan Jaman Turki ◽  
Hani Zakaria Asfour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
Geographic Sources

The genus Emericella (Ascomycota) includes more than thirty species with worldwide distribution across many ecosystems. It is considered a rich source of diverse metabolites. The published classes of natural compounds that are discussed here are organized according to the following biosynthetic pathways: polyketides (azaphilones, cyclopentenone pigments, dicyanides, furan derivatives, phenolic ethers, and xanthones and anthraquinones); shikimate derivatives (bicoumarins); mevalonate derivatives (meroterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sesterterpenes and steroids) and amino acids derivatives (alkaloids (indole-derivatives, isoindolones, and piperazine) and peptides (depsipeptides)). These metabolites produce the wide array of biological effects associated with Emericella, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimalarial, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and kinase inhibitors. Careful and extensive study of the diversity and distribution of metabolites produced by the genus Emericella (either marine or terrestrial) revealed that, no matter the source of the fungus, the composition of the culture medium effectively controls the metabolites produced. The topic of this review is the diversity of metabolites that have been identified from Emericella, along with the contextual information on either their biological or geographic sources. This review presents 236 natural compounds, which were reported from marine and terrestrial Emericella. Amongst the reported compounds, only 70.2% were biologically assayed for their effects, including antimicrobial or cytotoxicity. This implies the need for substantial investigation of alternative activities. This review includes a full discussion of compound structures and disease management, based on materials published from 1982 through December 2019.

scholarly journals LITHISTID SPONGES DERIVED COMPOUNDS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH - A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Abirla M ◽  
Brindha Devi P
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Bacterial Origin ◽  
Anti Hiv

Lithistid sponges have an important source of complex natural compounds with biological activities. The lithistid sponges are of interest to biomedical science because of the great variety of pharmaceutically relevant biological activities of their chemical extracts and are considered as economically important. The compounds identified in these sponges have therapeutic potential and have been frequently hypothesized to contain compounds of bacterial origin. The peptides identified from these lithistid sponges are found to be the sources of antifungal activity. The active agents of these sponges also have cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities. Many of the cyclic peptides of lithistid represent the anti-HIV activity. The different structure and biological activities of the compounds derived from these sponges have more chemical aspects too.

scholarly journals Chemistry, Chemotaxonomy and Biological Activity of the Latrunculid Sponges (Order Poecilosclerida, Family Latrunculiidae)

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Fengjie Li ◽  
Michelle Kelly ◽  
Deniz Tasdemir
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Drug Discovery

Marine sponges are exceptionally prolific sources of natural products for the discovery and development of new drugs. Until now, sponges have contributed around 30% of all natural metabolites isolated from the marine environment. Family Latrunculiidae Topsent, 1922 (class Demospongiae Sollas, 1885, order Poecilosclerida Topsent, 1928) is a small sponge family comprising seven genera. Latrunculid sponges are recognized as the major reservoirs of diverse types of pyrroloiminoquinone-type alkaloids, with a myriad of biological activities, in particular, cytotoxicity, fuelling their exploration for anticancer drug discovery. Almost 100 pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids and their structurally related compounds have been reported from the family Latrunculiidae. The systematics of latrunculid sponges has had a complex history, however it is now well understood. The pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids have provided important chemotaxonomic characters for this sponge family. Latrunculid sponges have been reported to contain other types of metabolites, such as peptides (callipeltins), norditerpenes and norsesterpenes (trunculins) and macrolides (latrunculins), however, the sponges containing latrunculins and trunculins have been transferred to other sponge families. This review highlights a comprehensive literature survey spanning from the first chemical investigation of a New Zealand Latrunculia sp. in 1986 until August 2020, focusing on the chemical diversity and biological activities of secondary metabolites reported from the family Latrunculiidae. The biosynthetic (microbial) origin and the taxonomic significance of pyrroloiminoquinone related alkaloids are also discussed.

Chemical diversity and bioactivity of marine sponges of the genus Oceanapia: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisham S. Singh ◽  
Supriya Tilvi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Acetylenic Acids

: The marine sponges of the genus Oceanapia sp. is comprised of more than 50 species and are distributed in the seas around the tropical and subtropical regions. They are mainly found in the northern Indian oceans, Japan, and the south pacific coast. They are highly colored and known to be a rich source of various secondary metabolites, particularly, alkaloids. Several other secondary metabolites were also reported from this genus which include terpenes, sphingolipids, ceramides, cerebrosides, acetylenic acids, and thiocyanatins, etc. Many of these compounds isolated from this genus exhibited various biological properties including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, ichthyotoxicity and nematocidal activities. Although several secondary metabolites have been reported from this genus, a dedicated review of the chemicals and biological activities of this genus is so far lacking. Keeping this in mind this review describes the various chemical entities isolated from the sponges of the genus Oceanapia detailing their chemical structures along with their reported biological properties.

Exploring Turkish biodiversity: A rich source of chemical diversity for drug leads discovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1699-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilge Şener ◽  
İlkay Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Drug Leads

Bioresources offer tremendous potential by having excellent chemical diversity for drug discovery programs and by serving as templates for synthetic drugs. There are well-known examples of clinically important drugs derived from natural sources. The development of pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, agricultural, and industrial products from bioresources can be used to promote incentives for conservation by providing an economic return to innovative use. Of those sources, medicinal plants have a virtually untapped reserve of original drug molecules, which await determination and chemical and biological investigation. Marine organisms have also gained increasing attention from researchers worldwide due to their chemically diverse secondary metabolites with desirable biological activities. There is still a great need for novel compounds with unique mechanisms of action to treat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, arthritis, and diabetes. Besides, multiresistance development by the parasites to the present drugs also constitutes another problem for the treatment of parasitic diseases as well as tuberculosis. In this article, 209 plant species belonging to 11 plant families were investigated for cholinesterase inhibitory activity by in vitro Ellman method at 10 μg/ml and 1 mg/ml doses. Among them, Salvia, Rosmarinus, and Fumaria species were found to have the most significant cholinesterase inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Phaeosphaeria Fungi Genus: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Am El-Demerdash
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Lead Discovery ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Drug Lead ◽  
Microbial Natural Products

Microbial natural products (MNPs) have been identified as important hotspots and effective sources for drug lead discovery. The genus Phaeosphaeria (family: Phaeosphaeriaceae, order: Pleosporales), in particular, has produced divergent chemical structures, including pyrazine alkaloids, isocoumarins, perylenequinones, anthraquinones, diterpenes, and cyclic peptides, which display a wide scope of biological potentialities. This contribution comprehensively highlights, over the period 1974–2018, the chemistry and biology of the isolated natural products from the micro-filamentous Phaeosphaeria fungi genus. A list of 71 compounds, with structural and biological diversities, were gathered into 5 main groups.

scholarly journals Cyclisation mechanisms in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1250-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W Truman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Pathway Discovery ◽  
Anti Hiv

Ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a large class of natural products that are remarkably chemically diverse given an intrinsic requirement to be assembled from proteinogenic amino acids. The vast chemical space occupied by RiPPs means that they possess a wide variety of biological activities, and the class includes antibiotics, co-factors, signalling molecules, anticancer and anti-HIV compounds, and toxins. A considerable amount of RiPP chemical diversity is generated from cyclisation reactions, and the current mechanistic understanding of these reactions will be discussed here. These cyclisations involve a diverse array of chemical reactions, including 1,4-nucleophilic additions, [4 + 2] cycloadditions, ATP-dependent heterocyclisation to form thiazolines or oxazolines, and radical-mediated reactions between unactivated carbons. Future prospects for RiPP pathway discovery and characterisation will also be highlighted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document