scholarly journals The Changes in Antioxidant Activity of Selected Flavonoids and Caffeine Depending on the Dosage and Form of Thiamine

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4702
Author(s):  
Justyna Piechocka ◽  
Anna Gramza-Michałowska ◽  
Krystyna Szymandera-Buszka
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Thiamine Pyrophosphate ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Instability ◽  
Free Radicals Scavenging

Phenolic compounds and thiamine may serve as therapies against oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is important to note that these components show high instability under changing conditions. The study’s aim was to determine the impact of the thiamine concentration (hydrochloride—TH and pyrophosphate—TP; in the range 0.02 to 20 mg/100 g on the indices of the chelating properties and reducing power, and free radicals scavenging indices of EGCG, EGC, ECG and caffeine added from 0.04 to 6.0 mg/100 g. Our research confirmed that higher concentrations of TH and TP can exhibit significant activity against the test antioxidant indices of all components. When above 5.0 mg/100 g of thiamine was used, the radical scavenging abilities of the compound decreased in the following order: EGCG > ECG > EGC > caffeine. The highest correlation was found for the concentration of thiamine pyrophosphate to 20.0 mg/100 g and EGCG. Knowledge of the impact of factors associated with the concentration of both EGCG, EGC, ECG or caffeine and thiamine on their activity could carry weight in regulating the quality supplemented foods, especially of nutrition support for people of all ages were oral, enteral tube feeding and parenteral nutrition).

Reducing power and radical scavenging activity of four Parmeliaceae species

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Stojanović ◽  
Igor Stojanović ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanović ◽  
Violeta Mitić ◽  
Danijela Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Flavoparmelia Caperata

AbstractThe methanol extracts of four Parmeliaceae lichens (Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri, Flavoparmelia caperata and Parmelia sulcata) were screened for antioxidant properties and total phenol content. The H. physodes extract was the most effective at reducing iron(III) and scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, while the P. sulcata extract was the most effective in reducing molybdenum(VI) in an acidic medium. The E. prunastri and H. physodes extracts contained more Folin-Ciocalteu reagent reactive substances than the F. caperata and P. sulcata extracts. Significant activity of the H. physodes extract in DPPH and reducing Fe(III) assays suggest that this lichen can be considered as a potential source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Clove Buds Essential Oil: The Impact of Grinding on the Chemical Composition and Its Biological Activities Involved in Consumer’s Health Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Ben Hassine ◽  
Salma Kammoun El Euch ◽  
Rami Rahmani ◽  
Nessrine Ghazouani ◽  
Rouguiata Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
The Impact

This study is aimed at identifying the chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from the Syzygium aromaticum seeds, as well as investigating its biological activities, insecticide effect, and allelopathic properties. The extraction yield was about 14.3 and 7.14% for grounded and ungrounded seeds, respectively. The GC-MS analysis allowed the identification of 17 heterogeneous compounds, including eugenol (68.7-87.4%), as major compound, cyperene (20.5-7.2%), phenethyl isovalerate (6.4-3.6%), and cis-thujopsene (1.9-0.8%), respectively, for grounded and ungrounded seeds. Concerning the antibacterial activity, the diameter of the inhibition zone reached 35 mm when the essential oil extracted from grounded seeds was applied against Escherichia coli. Regarding the antioxidant activity via the DPPH radical scavenging test, the IC 50 varied from 1.2 ± 0.1 to 2.8 ± 0.5   μ g / mL . With respect to reducing power, the efficient concentration EC 50 ranged from 32 to 50 μg/mL. The essential oil exhibited also an allelopathic effect against seeds of Hyoscyamus niger, as well as an insecticide effect against Sitophilus oryzae with a DL 50 value of 252.4 μL/L air. These findings enhance the use of this spice as a natural food preservative and encourage its use in several fields, including pharmaceutical, cosmetics, agriculture, and therapy, that could be a strategic way to guarantee the consumer’s health.

scholarly journals Invitro bioprocessing of corn as poultry feed additive by the influence of carbohydrate hydrolyzing metagenome derived enzyme cocktail

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Hossein Mousavi ◽  
Seyedeh Sadeghian Sadeghian Motahar ◽  
Maryam Salami ◽  
Kaveh Kavousi ◽  
Atefeh Sheykh Abdollahzadeh Mamaghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Enzyme Cocktail ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes play a crucial role in increasing the phenolic content and nutritional properties of polysaccharides substrate, essential for cost-effective industrial applications. Also, improving the feed efficiency of poultry is essential to achieve significant economic benefits. The current study introduced a novel thermostable metagenome-derived xylanase named PersiXyn8 and investigated its synergistic effect with previously reported α-amylase (PersiAmy3) to enhance poultry feed utilization. The potential of the enzyme cocktail in the degradation of poultry feed was analyzed and showed 346.73 mg/g poultry feed reducing sugar after 72 h of hydrolysis. Next, the impact of solid-state fermentation on corn quality was investigated in the presence and absence of enzymes. The phenolic content increased from 36.60 mg/g GAE in control sample to 68.23 mg/g in the presence of enzymes. In addition, the enzyme-treated sample showed the highest reducing power OD 700 of 0.217 and the most potent radical scavenging activity against ABTS (40.36%) and DPPH (45.21%) radicals. Moreover, the protein and ash contents of the fermented corn increased by 4.88% and 6.46%, respectively. These results confirmed the potential of the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes cocktail as a low-cost treatment for improving the phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and nutritional values of corn for supplementation of corn-based poultry feed.

scholarly journals Phytochemical composition and essential mineral profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of unutilized parts of jackfruit

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134
Author(s):  
A.A. Adan ◽  
R.A. Ojwang ◽  
E.K. Muge ◽  
B.K. Mwanza ◽  
E.N. Nyaboga
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The Impact

The processing of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) yields a considerable amount of bio-waste. Accumulation of this waste is considered a health risk because it is a potential source of air and water pollution. Recycling of the unutilized fruit parts, therefore, reduces the quantity and the impact of the bio-waste released to the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts from three fruit parts (peel, fiber and the core) of jackfruit sampled from the coastal region of Kenya. Different extraction techniques and solvents were tested. The highest phenolic and flavonoid content of the peels, fiber and the core were obtained from methanol extracts following a 48-hour incubation. The values were recorded at 17.07±5.16 mg/g, 23.28±4.73 mg/g, and 15.68±3.74 mg/g for the phenolics and 28.55±12.42 mg/g, 35.4±9.53 mg/g and 36.23±2.54 mg/g for the flavonoids, respectively. The highest tannin content was obtained from distilled water extracts following homogenization recorded at 10.82±2.63 mg/g, 10.39±4.10 mg/g and 10.52±1.05 mg/g for peels, fiber and core, respectively. The fiber extracts gave the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity followed by the core at 61.51±29.90% and 51.06±33.39%, respectively. The antioxidant activity was highest for methanol fiber extracts at 61.51±29.90% for DPPH radical scavenging activity and 7.94±4.56 mg/mL for reducing power assay. The best antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) was obtained from Ethyl acetate extracts showed. The unutilized jackfruit parts, therefore, are a potential source of natural antioxidants as well as antibacterial, for agriculture and food industry

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial investigating the effects of administering a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug to beef calves assisted at birth and risk factors associated with passive immunity, health, and growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Pearson ◽  
Edward Pajor ◽  
John Campbell ◽  
Michel Levy ◽  
Nigel Caulkett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of pain mitigation at birth to assisted beef calves and determine the risk factors associated with transfer of passive immunity (TPI), health, and growth.MethodsTwo hundred and thirty cow–calf pairs requiring calving assistance were enrolled. Calves were randomised to receive meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of placebo subcutaneously at birth. Calf blood samples were collected between one and seven days of age to determine serum immunoglobulin (IgG) concentration. Colostrum intake, treatment for disease, mortality, and weaning weights were recorded. Multilevel linear or logistic regression models were used to determine the effects of meloxicam and to identify risk factors.ResultsThere was no effect of meloxicam on serum IgG concentrations, average daily gain (ADG), or risk of inadequate TPI (serum IgG concentration <24 g/l), treatment for disease, or mortality (P>0.05). Bottle or tube feeding calves were associated with decreased serum IgG concentrations (P=0.01) compared with nursing. Calves with an incomplete tongue withdrawal reflex had higher odds of being treated for disease compared with those with complete withdrawal (P=0.009). Being born meconium-stained and having decreased serum IgG concentrations were associated with an increased risk of mortality (P=0.03). Being born of a mature cow, having a higher birth weight, and increased serum IgG concentrations were associated with greater ADG to weaning (P<0.05).ConclusionVigour assessment at birth along with good colostrum management may be important to improve TPI and health in high-risk calves such as those assisted at birth.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stability of Protease Treated Peanut with Reduced Allergenicity

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Jianmei Yu ◽  
Ivy N. Smith ◽  
Nadia Idris ◽  
Nicole Gregory ◽  
Nona Mikiashvili
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Ara H 2 ◽  
Ara H 1 ◽  
Protease Treatment ◽  
Ara H 6 ◽  
The Impact

Oxidative stability and allergenicity are two major concerns of peanuts. This study evaluated the impact of protease treatment of peanuts on its oxidative stability during storage. The raw and dry-roasted peanut kernels were hydrolyzed with Alcalase solution at pH 7.5 for 3 h. The contents of Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 6 in peanuts were determined before and after enzyme treatment by a sandwich ELISA. After drying, the samples were packed in eight amber glass jars and stored at 37 °C for 1–8 weeks. Controls are untreated raw and dry-roasted peanuts packed and stored in the same way as their treated counterparts. Samples were taken biweekly to determine peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as indicators of oxidation (n = 3), and to determine antioxidant activity. Alcalase treatment reduced intact major allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 6 by 100%, 99.8%, and 85%, respectively. The PVs of Alcalase-treated raw and roasted peanuts was lower than those of untreated (p < 0.05) over the 8-week storage. The TBARS of Alcalase-treated raw peanuts were slightly higher than that of untreated (p < 0.05), but the TBARS of Alcalase-treated dry-roasted peanuts were slightly but significantly lower than that of untreated (p < 0.05). The protease treatment increased the antioxidant activities including reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, and metal chelating capacity of peanuts.

Characteristics of Physician Relocation Following Hurricane Katrina

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Kusuma Madamala ◽  
Claudia R. Campbell ◽  
Edbert B. Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh ◽  
James James
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction: On Aug. 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall along the Gulf Coast of the United States, resulting in the evacuation of more than 1.5 million people, including nearly 6000 physicians. This article examines the relocation patterns of physicians following the storm, determines the impact that the disaster had on their lives and practices, and identifies lessons learned. Methods: An Internet-based survey was conducted among licensed physicians reporting addresses within Federal Emergency Management Agency-designated disaster zones in Louisiana and Mississippi. Descriptive data analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with physician nonreturn to original practice. For those remaining relocated out of state, bivariate analysis with x2 or Fisher exact test was used to determine factors associated with plans to return to original practice. Results: A total of 312 eligible responses were collected. Among disaster zone respondents, 85.6 percent lived in Louisiana and 14.4 percent resided in Mississippi before the hurricane struck. By spring 2006, 75.6 percent (n = 236) of the respondents had returned to their original homes, whereas 24.4 percent (n = 76) remained displaced. Factors associated with nonreturn to original employment included family or general medicine practice (OR 0.42, 95 percent CI 0.17–1.04; P = .059) and severe or complete damage to the workplace (OR 0.24, 95 percent CI 0.13–0.42; P &lt; .001). Conclusions: A sizeable proportion of physicians remain displaced after Hurricane Katrina, along with a lasting decrease in the number of physicians serving in the areas affected by the disaster. Programs designed to address identified physician needs in the aftermath of the storm may give confidence to displaced physicians to return.

Physiochemical properties and antioxidant potential of Persea Americana seed oil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Ic50 Value

Oil extracted from Persea Americana seed was assayed for its physiochemical properties and antioxidant potential using various standard methods. The oil content of the seed was found to be &lt; 10%. Brownish-red color oil was liquid at room temperature, with specific gravity of 0.91±0.02 g/mL. Other physiochemical parameters determined were; acid value (4.51±0.08 mgKOH/g), %FFA (2.26±0.08), peroxide value (2.40±0.57 mgO2/Kg), ester value (31.26±0.03 mgKOH/g), saponification value (35.76±0.07 mgKOH/g) and iodine value (23.5±0.07). The results of the antioxidant activities of the seed oil showed that the flavonoid content (80.00±1.41 mgQE/g) was ~10 folds higher than the phenolic content (8.27±0.06 mgGAE/g). The DPPH radical scavenging value was found to be 51.54±0.25% with an IC50 value of 4.68±0.02 mg/mL and reducing power with an average absorbance of 0.85±0.01 and an IC50 value of 0.001±0.02 mg/mL. Gallic acid showed better antioxidant activities than the oil studied. The results obtained in this study showed that Persea Americana seed oil has nutritional, industrial as well as medicinal potentials.

Predictors of nonroutine discharge among patients undergoing surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis: insights from the Quality Outcomes Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen V. Mummaneni ◽  
Mohamad Bydon ◽  
John Knightly ◽  
Mohammed Ali Alvi ◽  
Anshit Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Quality Outcomes ◽  
Acute Care Facility ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVEDischarge to an inpatient rehabilitation facility or another acute-care facility not only constitutes a postoperative challenge for patients and their care team but also contributes significantly to healthcare costs. In this era of changing dynamics of healthcare payment models in which cost overruns are being increasingly shifted to surgeons and hospitals, it is important to better understand outcomes such as discharge disposition. In the current article, the authors sought to develop a predictive model for factors associated with nonroutine discharge after surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis.METHODSThe authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients with grade I lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent a surgical intervention between July 2014 and June 2016. Only those patients enrolled in a multisite study investigating the impact of fusion on clinical and patient-reported outcomes among patients with grade I spondylolisthesis were evaluated. Nonroutine discharge was defined as those who were discharged to a postacute or nonacute-care setting in the same hospital or transferred to another acute-care facility.RESULTSOf the 608 patients eligible for inclusion, 9.4% (n = 57) had a nonroutine discharge (8.7%, n = 53 discharged to inpatient postacute or nonacute care in the same hospital and 0.7%, n = 4 transferred to another acute-care facility). Compared to patients who were discharged to home, patients who had a nonroutine discharge were more likely to have diabetes (26.3%, n = 15 vs 15.7%, n = 86, p = 0.039); impaired ambulation (26.3%, n = 15 vs 10.2%, n = 56, p < 0.001); higher Oswestry Disability Index at baseline (51 [IQR 42–62.12] vs 46 [IQR 34.4–58], p = 0.014); lower EuroQol-5D scores (0.437 [IQR 0.308–0.708] vs 0.597 [IQR 0.358–0.708], p = 0.010); higher American Society of Anesthesiologists score (3 or 4: 63.2%, n = 36 vs 36.7%, n = 201, p = 0.002); and longer length of stay (4 days [IQR 3–5] vs 2 days [IQR 1–3], p < 0.001); and were more likely to suffer a complication (14%, n = 8 vs 5.6%, n = 31, p = 0.014). On multivariable logistic regression, factors found to be independently associated with higher odds of nonroutine discharge included older age (interquartile OR 9.14, 95% CI 3.79–22.1, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (interquartile OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.31–3.25, p < 0.001), presence of depression (OR 4.28, 95% CI 1.96–9.35, p < 0.001), fusion surgery compared with decompression alone (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6, p < 0.001), and any complication (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.4–10.9, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSIn this multisite study of a defined cohort of patients undergoing surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis, factors associated with higher odds of nonroutine discharge included older age, higher body mass index, presence of depression, and occurrence of any complication.

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