scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of Amino Acids and Polyphenols in 69 Varieties of Green Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) Based on Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5355
Author(s):  
Ning Jin ◽  
Li Jin ◽  
Shilei Luo ◽  
Zhongqi Tang ◽  
Zeci Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
High Amino Acid

The biological activities of the primary metabolites and secondary metabolites of 69 green cabbage varieties were tested. The LC-MS detection method was used to determine the content of 19 free amino acids (lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, arginine, asparagine, glycine, proline, tyrosine, glutamine, alanine, aspartic acid, serine, and glutamate). The content of 10 polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, 4-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gentisic acid, cymarin, erucic acid, benzoic acid, rutin, and kaempferol) was determined by the HPLC detection method. Considering the complexity of the data obtained, variance analysis, diversity analysis, correlation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to process and correlate amino acid or polyphenol data, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences between the different amino acids and polyphenols of the 69 cabbage varieties. The most abundant amino acids and polyphenols were Glu and rutin, respectively. Both amino acids and polyphenols had a high genetic diversity, and multiple groups of significant or extremely significant correlations. The 69 cabbage varieties were divided into two groups, according to 19 amino acid indexes, by PCA. Among them, seven varieties with high amino acid content all fell into the fourth quadrant. The HCA of amino acids also supports this view. Based on 10 polyphenols, the 69 cabbage varieties were divided into two groups by HCA. Based on 29 indexes of amino acids and polyphenols, 69 cabbage varieties were evaluated and ranked by PCA. Therefore, in this study, cabbage varieties were classified in accordance with the level of amino acids and polyphenols, which provided a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of nutritional quality in cabbage.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID PROFILE OF A BASIDIOMYCETOUS EDIBLE MUSHROOM-LENTINUS SAJOR-CAJU

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Lata . ◽  
Narender Singh Atri
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Total Amino Acid Content ◽  
Basidiomycetous Mushroom

Objective: In this paper amino acid profile of Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fr., a basidiomycetous mushroom has been investigated.Methods: During the evaluation 15 amino acids (lysine, aspartic acid, serine, threonine, glutamic acid, cysteine, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and histidine) were determined from the dried sample of Lentinus sajor-caju by following the standard technique of biochemistry using ion-exchange chromatography.Results: The total amino acid content has been evaluated at 18.82 g/100g. Amongst the evaluated amino acids, exogenous amino acid lysine (6.66 g/100g) is preponderantly present in comparison to all other amino acids. The essential amino acid (EAA) index (44.64%) and biological value (BV=36.93%) has also been determined for the examined sample.Conclusion: Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fr. is a potential source of quality protein with a substantial proportion of exogenous and endogenous amino acids.

INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTIC FEED ADDITIVE «ENTERO-ACTIVE» ON AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF BROILER CHICKEN MEAT

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
Y. Poberezhets
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Protein Supply

The research has proved that the usage of probiotyk in feeding of broiler chicken facilitate increasing of the digestibility of amino acids including irreplaceable. Revealed that the digestibility of amino acids was highest in broilers consumption average dose supplements investigated. It should be noted that the increased digestibility of the essential probiotic amino acids, such as: lysine, histidine, arginine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine. Thus, the use of probiotic supplements improve the usefulness of protein supply. Such positive changes result in the increasing of broiler efficiency. The research has proved that the usage of different doses of probiotic supplements «Entero-active» has positively effects on amino acid content in meat of broiler chickens. Specifically, the thoracic and femoral muscles of poultry raised the level of most essential amino acids. Thus, consumption of probiotic feed broilers improves meat quality.

scholarly journals The Amino Acid Contents in Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Leaves in Asahan, North Sumatra, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01047
Author(s):  
Sri S. Ningsih ◽  
Dafit Ariyanto ◽  
Dian Puspitasari ◽  
Anuraga Jayanegara ◽  
Hamim Hamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
The Relationship

Amino acids are important components of mangrove plant metabolisms. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of mangrove R. mucronata leaf colors to the amino acid content. This study was conducted between March to August 2019. The leaves were taken 50 g. The assessment of Amino acids was conducted using UPLC Waters Acquity Class H with PDA Detector. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the relationship analysis between R. mucronata leaf colors and amino acid concentrations. The largest content was L glutamic acid with a green leaf content of 6139.57 ± 694.17 mg/kg and yellow leaf content of 6105.013 ± 113.2058 mg/kg. The results of PCA 1 showed that the influential amino acids were L-threonine (0.94), L-tyrosine (0.96), L-alanine (0.92), L-vanin (0.93), and PCA 2 showed glutamic acid (0.91). These results indicated that the difference in mangrove leaf colors affects the amino acid contents in the leaves.

scholarly journals Determination of Dog Gelatins Based on Amino Acid Profils and Chemometrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Wiranti Sri Rahayu ◽  
Abdul Rohman ◽  
Sudibyo Martono
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

Gelatin is a protein obtained by bolling skin, tendons, ligament, and bones with water. Gelatin is widely use in some food products and pharmaceutical industry. Some religions like Islam prohibited their followers to consume any food products containing pig and dog derivates, incluiding gelatin. The detection of some forbidden content in food product has been an important subect of stuydy in many countries. The current study was aimed to differentiate of dog gelatin from goat, bovine and porcine based on their amino acid profiles combined with chemometric of principal component analysis (PCA). Separation and determination of amino acid using liquid chromatography mass spechtroscopy. The results show that the fifth most amino acid content in dog gelatin were glutamic acid, glicine, alanine, arginine and methionin  .Parameters of peak heihgt percentage of each amino acids from each samples were analyzed by PCA. Based on PC1 and PC2, gelatin from dog, goat, bovine and porcine could be distinguished.

scholarly journals The Chemical Composition of Wool II. Analysis of the Major Histological Components Produced by Ultrasonic Disintegration

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Bradbury ◽  
GV Chapman ◽  
NLR King
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Dichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Merino Wool

Ultrasonic disruption of powdered Merino wool in formic acid and dichloroacetic acid causes some protein to be dissolved, but the amino acid content of the residual wool is unchanged by the treatment. Cortical cells and disrupted cortical cells are found to have the same composition as the parent fibre, which is to be expected because the latter consists of about 90 % cortical cells. However, the cuticle of Merino wool is different in composition from the parent fibre, being richer in cysteic acid, serine, proline, glycine, valine, and cystine, and poorer in aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and arginine than the whole fibre. Thus the cuticle is considerably less polar than the fibre as a whole. With the exceptions detailed below, it is found that the first group of amino acids listed above are classified as non a.helix.forming and the second group as a�helix� forming by Blout (1962). The exceptions are isoleucine and threonine, whilst arginine and glycine are not classified. It is therefore postulated that the cuticle is amorphous because of its high content of non a�helix.forming amino acids. The cuticle of Lincoln wool shows similar differences to those already given for Merino cuticle but, in addition, contains less lysine and histidine than the whole fibre.

scholarly journals Change of amino-acid composition of yak blood, depending on the season of the year

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
В. М. Ludu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
The Republic

The results of the comparative study of yak blood parameters by amino-acid composition depending on the season of the year are presented. The research was conducted in the Republic of Tuva. The object of research were adult female yaks after the fi rst or more calving. The studied animals were at the pasture in the highlands all year round. The material of the research was whole blood stabilized by heparin and yak serum. Blood was taken in spring and autumn from the jugular vein. The determination of blood biochemical parameters and the biometric processing of the results were carried out by generally accepted methods. 14 amino acids were revealed. Of these, seven are non-essential amino acids (asparagine, serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, histidine, arginine) and seven are essential (threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine). The amino-acid content in the blood of yaks living in highlands under low partial pressure did not vary signifi cantly during the study period. The content of non-essential and essential amino acids was recorded in the ratio of 50 : 50, regardless of the season of the year. In autumn, compared to spring, serine content increased 2.43 times, asparagine –1.05 times, valine – 1.07, leucine – 1.07 times. An increase in phenylalanine in the autumn period may indicate its suffi cient content in grass eaten by yaks. Features of the interior indicators of yaks, common in the Republic of Tuva, are the result of their long year-round pasture maintenance in extreme climatic conditions of the highlands.

Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Lata Birlangi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

scholarly journals Putative imbalanced amino acid metabolism in rainbow trout long term fed a plant-based diet as revealed by 1H-NMR metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Deborde ◽  
Blandine Madji Hounoum ◽  
Annick Moing ◽  
Mickaël Maucourt ◽  
Daniel Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract The long-term effect of a plant (P)-based diet was assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics in rainbow trout fed a marine fish meal (FM)–fish oil (FO) diet (M), a P-based diet and a control commercial-like diet (C) starting with the first feeding. Growth performances were not heavily altered by long-term feeding on the P-based diet. An 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis of the feed revealed significantly different soluble chemical compound profiles between the diets. A set of soluble chemical compounds was found to be specific either to the P-based diet or to the M diet. Pterin, a biomarker of plant feedstuffs, was identified both in the P-based diet and in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet. 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis on fish plasma and liver and muscle tissues at 6 and 48 h post feeding revealed significantly different profiles between the P-based diet and the M diet, while the C diet showed intermediate results. A higher amino acid content was found in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet compared with the M diet after 48 h, suggesting either a delayed delivery of the amino acids or a lower amino acid utilisation in the P-based diet. This was associated with an accumulation of essential amino acids and the depletion of glutamine in the muscle, together with an accumulation of choline in the liver. Combined with an anticipated absorption of methionine and lysine supplemented in free form, the present results suggest an imbalanced essential amino acid supply for protein metabolism in the muscle and for specific functions of the liver.

scholarly journals Changes in Amino Acid Profiles and Bioactive Compounds of Thai Silk Cocoons as Affected by Water Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chuleeporn Bungthong ◽  
Sirithon Siriamornpun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Silk Protein ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Silk Cocoon ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

Silk proteins have many advantageous components including proteins and pigments. The proteins—sericin and fibroin—have been widely studied for medical applications due to their good physiochemical properties and biological activities. Various strains of cocoon display different compositions such as amino-acid profiles and levels of antioxidant activity. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to find a suitable silk protein extraction method to obtain products with chemical and biological properties suitable as functional foods in two strains of Bombyx mori silk cocoon (Nangsew strains; yellow cocoon) and Samia ricini silk cocoon (Eri strains; white cocoon) extracted by water at 100 °C for 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The results showed that Nangsew strains extracted for 6 h contained the highest amounts of protein, amino acids, total phenolics (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC), plus DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), anti-glycation, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition. The longer extraction time produced higher concentrations of amino acids, contributing to sweet and umami tastes in both silk strains. It seemed that the bitterness decreased as the extraction time increased, resulting in improvements in the sweetness and umami of silk-protein extracts.

Evaluation of seed amino acid content and its correlation network analysis in wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Awatsaya Chotekajorn ◽  
Takuyu Hashiguchi ◽  
Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽  
Hidenori Tanaka ◽  
Ryo Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content

AbstractWild soybean (Glycine soja) is a valuable genetic resource for soybean improvement. Seed composition profiles provide beneficial information for the effective conservation and utilization of wild soybeans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variation in free amino acid abundance in the seeds of wild soybean germplasm collected in Japan. The free amino acid content in the seeds from 316 accessions of wild soybean ranged from 0.965 to 5.987 mg/g seed dry weight (DW), representing a 6.2-fold difference. Three amino acids had the highest coefficient of variation (CV): asparagine (1.15), histidine (0.95) and glutamine (0.94). Arginine (0.775 mg/g DW) was the predominant amino acid in wild soybean seeds, whereas the least abundant seed amino acid was glutamine (0.008 mg/g DW). A correlation network revealed significant positive relationships among most amino acids. Wild soybean seeds from different regions of origin had significantly different levels of several amino acids. In addition, a significant correlation between latitude and longitude of the collection sites and the total free amino acid content of seeds was observed. Our study reports diverse phenotypic data on the free amino acid content in seeds of wild soybean resources collected from throughout Japan. This information will be useful in conservation programmes for Japanese wild soybean and for the selection of accessions with favourable characteristics in future legume crop improvement efforts.

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