scholarly journals A Practical Approach for the In Vitro Safety and Efficacy Assessment of an Anti-Ageing Cosmetic Cream Enriched with Functional Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7592
Author(s):  
Nicola Zerbinati ◽  
Sabrina Sommatis ◽  
Cristina Maccario ◽  
Serena Di Francesco ◽  
Maria Chiara Capillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Efficacy Assessment ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

(1) Background: Cosmeceuticals are topical products applied to human skin to prevent skin ageing and maintain a healthy skin appearance. Their effectiveness is closely linked to the compounds present in a final formulation. In this article, we propose a panel of in vitro tests to support the efficacy assessment of an anti-ageing cream enriched with functional compounds. (2) Methods: biocompatibility and the irritant effect were evaluated on reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) and corneal epithelium (HCE) 3D models. After a preliminary MTT assay, normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and keratinocytes (HaCaT) were used to evaluate the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) production. (3) Results: data collected showed good biocompatibility and demonstrated the absence of the irritant effect in both 3D models. Therefore, we demonstrated a statistical increase in collagen and elastin productions in NHDF cells. In HaCaT cells, we highlighted an anti-inflammatory effect through a reduction in IL-6 levels in inflammatory stimulated conditions. Moreover, the reduction of MMP-1 production after UV-B radiation was demonstrated, showing significant photo-protection. (4) Conclusion: a multiple in vitro assays approach is proposed for the valid and practical assessment of the anti-ageing protection, anti-inflammatory and biocompatible claims that can be assigned to a cosmetic product containing functional compounds.

scholarly journals Validation of in vitro assays in three-dimensional human dermal constructs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Idrees ◽  
Valeria Chiono ◽  
Gianluca Ciardelli ◽  
Siegfried Shah ◽  
Richard Viebahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Three-dimensional cell culture systems are urgently needed for cytocompatibility testing of biomaterials. This work aimed at the development of three-dimensional in vitro dermal skin models and their optimization for cytocompatibility evaluation. Initially “murine in vitro dermal construct” based on L929 cells was generated, leading to the development of “human in vitro dermal construct” consisting of normal human dermal fibroblasts in rat tail tendon collagen type I. To assess the viability of the cells, different assays CellTiter-Blue®, RealTime-Glo™ MT, and CellTiter-Glo® (Promega) were evaluated to optimize the best-suited assay to the respective cell type and three-dimensional system. Z-stack imaging (Live/Dead and Phalloidin/DAPI-Promokine) was performed to visualize normal human dermal fibroblasts inside matrix revealing filopodia-like morphology and a uniform distribution of normal human dermal fibroblasts in matrix. CellTiter-Glo was found to be the optimal cell viability assay among those analyzed. CellTiter-Blue reagent affected the cell morphology of normal human dermal fibroblasts (unlike L929), suggesting an interference with cell biological activity, resulting in less reliable viability data. On the other hand, RealTime-Glo provided a linear signal only with a very low cell density, which made this assay unsuitable for this system. CellTiter-Glo adapted to three-dimensional dermal construct by optimizing the “shaking time” to enhance the reagent penetration and maximum adenosine triphosphate release, indicating 2.4 times higher viability value by shaking for 60 min than for 5 min. In addition, viability results showed that cells were viable inside the matrix. This model would be further advanced with more layers of skin to make a full thickness model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in-vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Gallic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Raksha Agrawal ◽  
Aditya Ganeshpurkar ◽  
Megha Verma
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Proteinase Activity ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Proteinase Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Gallic acid's anti-inflammatory effect was studied at various concentrations, including 50,100,150,200, and 250 ug/ml. Gallic acid's anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using two in-vitro assays: proteinase inhibition and albumin denaturation. The greatest proteinase inhibition activity of 52.83 percent was achieved at a concentration of 250ug/ml, according to the results. It also revealed that at 250ug/ml, the maximum percentage inhibition in albumin denaturation was 74.79 percent. Gallic acid's antiproteinase and albumin denaturation activities both increase with increasing concentrations, according to this research. Keywords: Gallic acid, Anti-Inflammatory, In-Vitro Assays, Albumin Denaturation, Proteinase activity.

scholarly journals N-Succinyl-S-Farnesyl-L-Cysteine (SFC): A Novel Isoprenylcysteine Analog with In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Clinical Skin Protecting Properties

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
José R. Fernández ◽  
Karl Rouzard ◽  
Corey Fitzgerald ◽  
Jason Healy ◽  
Masanori Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
New Class ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Split Face

Over the past 15 years, small molecule isoprenylcysteine (IPC) analogs have been identified as a potential new class of topical anti-inflammatories. Clinical studies have demonstrated that IPCs are both safe and effective in promoting healthy skin when applied topically. This work aims to demonstrate N-Succinyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine (SFC) as a novel IPC molecule that provides a broad spectrum of benefits for skin. Human promyelocytic cell line HL-60, human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs), human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were exposed in culture to various inducers to trigger reactive oxygen species, cytokines, or collagenase production. A 49-subject randomized double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split face trial was performed with 1% SFC gel, or 5% niacinamide and vehicle applied for 12 weeks to evaluate anti-wrinkle and anti-aging endpoints. We demonstrated that SFC inhibited GPCR and TLR-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release in NHEKs and HDMECs from several inflammatory inducers such as UVB, chemicals, cathelicidin, and bacteria. SFC successfully reduced GPCR-induced oxidation in differentiated neutrophils. Moreover, photoaging studies showed that SFC reduced UVA-induced collagenase (pro-MMP-1) production in HDFs. Clinical assessment of 1% SFC gel demonstrated improvement above the vehicle for wrinkle reduction, hydration, texture, and overall appearance of skin. N-Succinyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine (SFC) is a novel anti-inflammatory small molecule and is the first farnesyl-cysteine IPC shown to clinically improve appearance and signs of aging, while also having the potential to ameliorate inflammatory skin disorders.

scholarly journals Characterization, Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Effect Evaluation of Nanocapsules Containing Nicotine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Carolina Landau Albrecht ◽  
Laura Elena Sperling ◽  
Daikelly Iglesias Braghirolli ◽  
Patricia Pranke
Keyword(s):  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Effect Evaluation ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

(1) Background: Nanotechnology is an emerging field that can be applied in the biomedical area. In this study, Eudragit nanocapsules (NCs) containing nicotine were produced. Nicotine is the main alkaloid found in tobacco and has anti-inflammatory properties. NCs containing nicotine may be used as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of inflammation in the central nervous system. (2) Methods: Nanocapsules were prepared by the interfacial deposition of the pre-formed polymer method and characterized in terms of zeta potential, diameter, polydispersity index, pH, encapsulation efficiency (EE), stability and sustained release profile. In vitro tests with the PC12 cell line were performed, such as MTT, LIVE/DEAD and ELISA assays, to verify their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects. (3) Results: The nanocapsules presented satisfactory values of the characterization parameters; however, poor encapsulation was obtained for nicotine (8.17% ± 0.47). The in vitro tests showed that the treatment with nanocapsules reduced cell viability, which suggests that the Eudragit or the amount of polymer on top of the cells may be detrimental to them, as the cells were able to survive when treated with bulk nicotine. ELISA showed an increment in the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, corroborating the hypothesis that NCs were toxic to the cells because of the increase in the levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. (4) Conclusions: This study demonstrates that NCs of Eudragit present toxicity. It is therefore necessary to improve NC formulation to obtain better values for the encapsulation efficiency and reduce toxicity of these nanodevices.

In vitro immunoregulatory activity and anti-inflammatory effect of Echinococcus granulosus laminated layer

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 105886
Author(s):  
Sara Benazzouz ◽  
Manel Amri ◽  
Junhua Wang ◽  
Samia Bouaziz ◽  
Fahima Ameur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Laminated Layer ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Woo Seok Yang ◽  
Khin Myo Htwe ◽  
Mi-Nam Lee ◽  
Young-Dong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. has been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases, especially inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed and explored the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of a Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ethanol extract (Dt-EE). Dt-EE clearly and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Also, Dt-EE suppressed the activation of the MyD88/TRIF-mediated AP-1 pathway and the AP-1 pathway related proteins JNK2, MKK4/7, and TAK1, which occurred as a result of inhibiting the kinase activity of IRAK1 and IRAK4, the most upstream factors of the AP-1 pathway. Finally, Dt-EE displayed hepatoprotective activity in a mouse model of hepatitis induced with LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through decreasing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and suppressing the activation of JNK and IRAK1. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that Dt-EE could be a candidate anti-inflammatory herbal medicine with IRAK1/AP-1 inhibitory and hepatoprotective properties.

scholarly journals In vitro evidence for the involvement of H2S pathway in the effect of clodronate during inflammatory response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Montanaro ◽  
Alessio D’Addona ◽  
Andrea Izzo ◽  
Carlo Ruosi ◽  
Vincenzo Brancaleone
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

AbstractClodronate is a bisphosphonate agent commonly used as anti-osteoporotic drug. Throughout its use, additional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been reported, although the benefits described in the literature could not solely relate to their inhibition of bone resorption. Thus, the purpose of our in vitro study is to investigate whether there are underlying mechanisms explaining the anti-inflammatory effect of clodronate and possibly involving hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Immortalised fibroblast-like synoviocyte cells (K4IM) were cultured and treated with clodronate in presence of TNF-α. Clodronate significantly modulated iNOS expression elicited by TNF-α. Inflammatory markers induced by TNF-α, including IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES, were also suppressed following administration of clodronate. Furthermore, the reduction in enzymatic biosynthesis of CSE-derived H2S, together with the reduction in CSE expression associated with TNF-α treatment, was reverted by clodronate, thus rescuing endogenous H2S pathway activity. Clodronate displays antinflammatory properties through the modulation of H2S pathway and cytokines levels, thus assuring the control of the inflammatory state. Although further investigation is needed to stress out how clodronate exerts its control on H2S pathway, here we showed for the first the involvement of H2S in the additive beneficial effects observed following clodronate therapy.

Curcumin: Natural Antimicrobial and Anti Inflammatory Agent

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pehlivanović Belma ◽  
Čaklovica Kenan ◽  
Lagumdžija Dina ◽  
Omerović Naida ◽  
Žiga Smajić Nermina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The pursuance of novel antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents has been expanding due to a significant need for more efficient pharmacotherapy of various infections and chronic diseases. During the last decade, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacological properties of curcumin have been extensively studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of curcumin against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as its antifungal activity by using in vitro agar well diffusion assay. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin was determined with in vitro assay of inhibition of protein denaturation. Results demonstrated wide antimicrobial activity of curcumin upon all of the test bacteria and fungi. The strongest activity of curcumin was observed at a concentration of 0.50 mg/ml against S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans, resulting in a maximum zone of inhibition of 14.7 mm, 14.3 mm, 13.7 mm, 10.7 mm and 10.7 mm, respectively. Findings suggested that the antimicrobial activity of curcuminis dependent upon the concentrations. Furthermore, results demonstrated high effectiveness of curcumin compared to standard acetylsalicylic acid in inhibiting heat-induced protein denaturation, which activity is also depended upon the concentrations. The present study emphasises the potential application of curcumin as a natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent. However, findings of this study are restricted to in vitro assays and consideration should be given to conducting a study involving wider dose range test substances as well as including further research on in vivo models.

scholarly journals In vitro Biocompatibility Evaluation of Anodic Alumina Substrates with Electrochemically Embedded Silver

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Denitsa Kiradzhiyska ◽  
Tsvetelina Batsalova ◽  
Balik Dzhambazov ◽  
Rositsa Mancheva
Keyword(s):  
Anodic Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Dental Alloys ◽  
Anodic Aluminum ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Short Time

Anodic aluminum oxide films modified by silver incorporation (Al-O-Ag) under specific electrodeposition conditions were produced and their biocompatibility was analyzed by in vitro assays using mammalian cell lines. The results obtained demonstrate that Al-O-Ag substrates are well tolerated by human dermal fibroblasts. The alumina pads doped with silver for short time-period (30 seconds) showed the highest biocompatibility among all modified metal substrates and in comparison with three dental alloys.

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