scholarly journals Structural Identification of Metalloproteomes in Marine Diatoms, an Efficient Algae Model in Toxic Metals Bioremediation

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Christos T. Chasapis ◽  
Massimiliano Peana ◽  
Vlasoula Bekiari
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Thalassiosira Pseudonana ◽  
Essential Metals ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Marine Diatoms

The biosorption of pollutants using microbial organisms has received growing interest in the last decades. Diatoms, the most dominant group of phytoplankton in oceans, are (i) pollution tolerant species, (ii) excellent biological indicators of water quality, and (iii) efficient models in assimilation and detoxification of toxic metal ions. Published research articles connecting proteomics with the capacity of diatoms for toxic metal removal are very limited. In this work, we employed a structural based systematic approach to predict and analyze the metalloproteome of six species of marine diatoms: Thalassiosira pseudonana, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Thalassiosira oceanica, Fistulifera solaris, and Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata. The results indicate that the metalloproteome constitutes a significant proportion (~13%) of the total diatom proteome for all species investigated, and the proteins binding non-essential metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, As, and Ba) are significantly more than those identified for essential metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Co, and Ni). These findings are most likely related to the well-known toxic metal tolerance of diatoms. In this study, metalloproteomes that may be involved in metabolic processes and in the mechanisms of bioaccumulation and detoxification of toxic metals of diatoms after exposure to toxic metals were identified and described.

scholarly journals Application of Waste Lemon Extract to Toxic Metal Removal through Gravitational Soil Flushing and Composting Stabilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5751
Author(s):  
Pei-Wen Zhang ◽  
Ya-Zhen Huang ◽  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Tsun-Kuo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Soil Flushing

The present study aims to investigate the treatment efficiency of soil flushing using waste lemon extract for samples collected from contaminated farmland, in which the copper concentration was measured as 2487 ± 139 mg/kg. The flushing solution, containing 9.9 g/L citric acid, was prepared from the waste lemon extraction process. The soil-flushing treatment using a solution containing commercial citric acids of 10 g/L was also conducted for comparison. Additionally, the collected soil was mixed with crushed waste lemons and the mixture was subjected to a composting process for subsequent stabilization study. After 120-min batch experiments, the desorbed copper concentration for waste lemon-extract experiment was 36.9 mg/L, which was higher than that (28.6 mg/L) for commercial citric solution experiment. The reduction in soil copper concentration (1504 mg/kg) treated by waste lemon-extract flushing was more than that treated by commercial citric solution (1256 mg/kg) at the comparable citric acid concentration. More metals were removed by waste lemon-extract flushing. This is because the waste lemon-extract solution contains additional co-dissolved organic substances with a longer flushing time, which allows more exchange reactions between adsorbed metals and flushing solution. For the treatment with waste lemon extract, the soil pH values were 4.56, 5.70 and 6.29 before, after flushing and after compost treatment, respectively. The observed variation in soil pH also showed that waste lemon extract might be a better flushing agent, while flushing with commercial citric solution decreased the pH in the soil environment. The plant copper availability dropped from 677 mg/kg to 156 mg/kg after waste lemon-extract flushing and stabilization with composted waste lemon. Therefore, the use of waste lemon extract for soil flushing not only removed toxic metals from the soil but also prevented the occurrence of soil acidification, an often-observed phenomenon using an acidic solution in conventional soil flushing. After soil flushing, the application of composted waste lemon could stabilize the toxic metals and increase the pH to a range suitable for plant growth.

scholarly journals Evaluating Aspergillus terreus tolerance to toxic metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-464
Author(s):  
Ana G. Villalba-Villalba ◽  
◽  
Blanca González-Méndez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Microscopic Fungus ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
A Site

Introduction: Metal pollution is one of the major environmental problems. Some metals are toxic at very low concentrations, bioaccumulate and do not decompose to non-toxic forms. Objective: To isolate a strain of microscopic fungus in a site contaminated with toxic metals and to evaluate the tolerance to these substances. Materials and methods: Fungi were isolated from the soil of an abandoned lead mine. Tolerance index of fungi to cadmium, mercury and lead was evaluated individually at concentrations of 50, 100, 250, 350 and 500 ppm; in addition, a multimetal system (mixture) with cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead was evaluated at 4, 8, 16, 64, 80, 120, 200 and 400 ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined. Results and discussion: The isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus terreus, which showed high tolerance indices for lead (0.9) at all concentrations tested and indices of 0.8 at most mercury concentrations. Cadmium was the most toxic metal; tolerance indices of 0.56 and 0.2 were observed at 50 ppm and 100 ppm, respectively. High tolerance indices (0.9) were observed in the multimetal system up to 64 ppm. MIC was greater than 500 ppm with lead and mercury, less than 250 ppm with cadmium and greater than 400 ppm with the multimetal system. Conclusion: A. terreus showed high tolerance to lead at all concentrations tested. The level of tolerance is influenced by the type of metal.

scholarly journals Unveiling Fabrication and Environmental Remediation of MXene-Based Nanoarchitectures in Toxic Metals Removal from Wastewater: Strategy and Mechanism

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassmin Ibrahim ◽  
Amal Kassab ◽  
Kamel Eid ◽  
Aboubakr M. Abdullah ◽  
Kenneth I. Ozoemena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Research Perspectives

Efficient approaches for toxic metal removal from wastewater have had transformative impacts to mitigating freshwater scarcity. Adsorption is among the most promising purification techniques due to its simplicity, low cost, and high removal efficiency at ambient conditions. MXene-based nanoarchitectures emerged as promising adsorbents in a plethora of toxic metal removal applications. This was due to the unique hydrophilicity, high surface area, activated metallic hydroxide sites, electron-richness, and massive adsorption capacity of MXene. Given the continual progress in the rational design of MXene nanostructures for water treatment, timely updates on this field are required that deeply emphasize toxic metal removal, including fabrication routes and characterization strategies of the merits, advantages, and limitations of MXenes for the adsorption of toxic metals (i.e., Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr). This is in addition to the fundamentals and the adsorption mechanism tailored by the shape and composition of MXene based on some representative paradigms. Finally, the limitations of MXenes and their potential future research perspectives for wastewater treatment are also discussed. This review may trigger scientists to develop novel MXene-based nanoarchitectures with well-defined shapes, compositions, and physiochemical merits for efficient, practical removal of toxic metals from wastewater.

Metal Toxicity and Speciation: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Peana ◽  
Alessio Pelucelli ◽  
Serenella Medici ◽  
Rosita Cappai ◽  
Valeria Marina Nurchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Essential Metals ◽  
Essential Metal ◽  
Toxic Metal Ions ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Hard Structures

Background : Essential metal ions play a specific and fundamental role in human metabolism. Their homeostasis is finely tuned and any concentration imbalance in form of deficiency or excess could lead to a progressive reduction and failure of normal biological function, to severe physiological and clinical outcomes till death. Conversely, non-essential metals are not necessary for life and only noxious effects could arise after their exposure. Large environmental amounts of such chemicals come from both natural and anthropogenic sources, with the latter being predominant because of human activities. The dissipation of toxic metals contaminates water, air, soil, and food, causing a series of chronic and acute syndromes. Objective : This review discusses the toxicity of non-essential metals considering their peculiar chemical characteristics such as different forms, hard-soft character, oxidation states, binding capabilities and solubility, which can influence their speciation in biological systems, and subsequently, the main cellular targets. Particular focus is given to selected toxic metals, major non-essential metals or semimetals related to toxicity such as mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel and arsenic. In addition, we provide indications on the possible treatments/interventions on metal poisoning based on chelation therapy. Conclusion: Toxic metal ions can exert their peculiar harmful effects in several ways. They strongly coordinate to important biological molecules on the basis of their chemical-physical characteristics (manly HSAB properties) or replace essential metal ions from their natural locations in proteins, enzymes or in hard structures such as bones or teeth. Metals with redox properties could be key inducers of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress and cellular damage. Therapeutic detoxification, through complexation of toxic metal ions by specific chelating agents, appears an efficacious clinical strategy mainly in acute cases of metal intoxication.

scholarly journals Advances in “Omics” Approaches for Improving Toxic Metals/Metalloids Tolerance in Plants

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Raza ◽  
Javaria Tabassum ◽  
Zainab Zahid ◽  
Sidra Charagh ◽  
Shanza Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
High Urgency

Food safety has emerged as a high-urgency matter for sustainable agricultural production. Toxic metal contamination of soil and water significantly affects agricultural productivity, which is further aggravated by extreme anthropogenic activities and modern agricultural practices, leaving food safety and human health at risk. In addition to reducing crop production, increased metals/metalloids toxicity also disturbs plants’ demand and supply equilibrium. Counterbalancing toxic metals/metalloids toxicity demands a better understanding of the complex mechanisms at physiological, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and plant level that may result in increased crop productivity. Consequently, plants have established different internal defense mechanisms to cope with the adverse effects of toxic metals/metalloids. Nevertheless, these internal defense mechanisms are not adequate to overwhelm the metals/metalloids toxicity. Plants produce several secondary messengers to trigger cell signaling, activating the numerous transcriptional responses correlated with plant defense. Therefore, the recent advances in omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics, miRNAomics, and phenomics have enabled the characterization of molecular regulators associated with toxic metal tolerance, which can be deployed for developing toxic metal tolerant plants. This review highlights various response strategies adopted by plants to tolerate toxic metals/metalloids toxicity, including physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. A seven-(omics)-based design is summarized with scientific clues to reveal the stress-responsive genes, proteins, metabolites, miRNAs, trace elements, stress-inducible phenotypes, and metabolic pathways that could potentially help plants to cope up with metals/metalloids toxicity in the face of fluctuating environmental conditions. Finally, some bottlenecks and future directions have also been highlighted, which could enable sustainable agricultural production.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and risk assessment of toxic metals in agricultural soils from endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma region in South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
Liping Mo ◽  
Yongzhang Zhou ◽  
Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnana ◽  
Xingyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
South China ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Incidence

AbstractSihui city (South China) is much affected by nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To investigate the relationships between the toxic metals in soil and NPC incidence in Sihui, 119 surface soil samples were collected from agricultural fields and analyzed. The soil As–Cr contents in Longjiang (high-incidence area) are significantly lower than those in Weizheng and Jianglin (low-incidence areas), whereas the soil Pb content in Longjiang is significantly higher than that in Weizheng. The Nemerow pollution indices (PIN) of soils decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The enrichment factor (EF) of Cd indicates that the Cd enrichment is contributed by human activities. Potential toxic metal-related ecological risk values decrease in the order of Jianglin > Weizheng > Longjiang. The mean hazard index (HI) value of Longjiang was lower than those of Weizheng and Jianglin. There are no adverse noncarcinogenic health effects of soil toxic metals to adults in the study areas. Carcinogenic risks of As and Cr via ingestion and dermal contact and total carcinogenic risk are within the warning range, from 10−6 to 10−4. Hence, we suggest that toxic metals in the soil may not be major geochemical carcinogenic factors of high NPC incidence in Sihui.

scholarly journals Intraspecific variation in metal tolerance modulate competition between two marine diatoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Andersson ◽  
Anna Godhe ◽  
Helena L. Filipsson ◽  
Linda Zetterholm ◽  
Lars Edler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Strain Selection ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Toxic Stress ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Multiple Strains

AbstractDespite widespread metal pollution of coastal ecosystems, little is known of its effect on marine phytoplankton. We designed a co-cultivation experiment to test if toxic dose–response relationships can be used to predict the competitive outcome of two species under metal stress. Specifically, we took into account intraspecific strain variation and selection. We used 72 h dose–response relationships to model how silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) affect both intraspecific strain selection and competition between taxa in two marine diatoms (Skeletonema marinoi and Thalassiosira baltica). The models were validated against 10-day co-culture experiments, using four strains per species. In the control treatment, we could predict the outcome using strain-specific growth rates, suggesting low levels of competitive interactions between the species. Our models correctly predicted which species would gain a competitive advantage under toxic stress. However, the absolute inhibition levels were confounded by the development of chronic toxic stress, resulting in a higher long-term inhibition by Cd and Cu. We failed to detect species differences in average Cu tolerance, but the model accounting for strain selection accurately predicted a competitive advantage for T. baltica. Our findings demonstrate the importance of incorporating multiple strains when determining traits and when performing microbial competition experiments.

Local fruit wastes driven benthic microbial fuel cell: a sustainable approach to toxic metal removal and bioelectricity generation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim Ali Yaqoob ◽  
Claudia Guerrero–Barajas ◽  
Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim ◽  
Khalid Umar ◽  
Amira Suriaty Yaakop
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Bioelectricity Generation ◽  
Fruit Wastes

Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from Solutions Using Industrial Solid Byproducts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Zouboulis ◽  
K. A. Kydros ◽  
K. A. Matis
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Solid Adsorbent ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
By Products

Nowadays the problem of industrial wastes handling and disposal is increasing continuously, as more strict environmental considerations have to be taken into account. In this paper, selected experimental results are presented from our current research in toxic metals removal (e.g. Cu, Pb, As), related to the applications of mineral particles as by-products (red mud, pyrite, dolomite, etc.) for the induced removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions. These by-products, existing in finely divided form and considered rather as solid industrial wastes, have been used as a cheap solid adsorbent or substrate. Appropriate methods for the subsequent solid/liquid separation were examined, among them flotation. Different parameters were tested and high removals of toxic metals were achieved. In this way, a useful application may be realized for the waste mineral particles.

Pollution Intensity of Hazardous Metals, Microbiome and Potential Bacterial-Based Toxic Metal Sequestration of Coal Mine Drainage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oyetibo ◽  
Joy Enahoro ◽  
Chimuanya Ikwubuzo ◽  
Chiamaka Ukwuoma
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Metal Sequestration ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Severe Degree

Abstract Drains from coal mine remain a worrisome point source of toxic metal/metalloid pollutions to surface- and ground-waters worldwide, requiring sustainable remediation strategies. Understanding the microbial community subtleties through integrated metagenomic and geochemical data elicit selection of autochthonous bacteria consortium, spurring decommissioning of drains before discharge to hydrosphere. The drains contained characteristic sulphates (313.0 ± 15.9 mg/l), carbonate (253.0 ± 22.4 mg/l), and nitrate (86.6 ± 41.0 mg/l), having extreme tendencies to enrich receiving environments with extremely high pollution load index (3110 ± 942) for toxic metals/metalloid. The drains exerted severe degree of toxic metals/metalloid contamination (3,400,000 ± 240,000) and consequent astronomically high ecological risks in the order: Lead > Cadmium > Arsenic > Nickel > Cobalt > Iron > Chromium. Metagenome of the drains revealed dominance of Proteobacteria (50.8%) and Bacteroidetes (18.9%) among bacterial community, whereas, Ascomycota (60.8%) and Ciliophora (12.6%) dominated the eukaryotic community. A consortium of 7 autochthonous bacterial OTUs exhibited excellent urease activities (≥ 253 µmol urea/min.) with subsequent stemming of acidic pH to > 8.2 and sequestration of toxic metals (approx. 100% efficiency) as precipitates (15.6 ± 0.92 mg/ml). The coal mine drain is a point source for metals/metalloid pollution to surrounding hydrosphere, and its bioremediation is achievable with the bacteria consortium.

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