scholarly journals Improving the Performance of Feather Keratin/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tris(hydroxymethyl)Aminomethane Nanocomposite Films by Incorporating Graphene Oxide or Graphene

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufang Wu ◽  
Xunjun Chen ◽  
Tiehu Li ◽  
Yingde Cui ◽  
Minghao Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Feather Keratin ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Bionanocomposite Films

In this study, feather keratin/polyvinyl alcohol/tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (FK/PVA/Tris) bionanocomposite films containing graphene oxide (GO) (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt%) or graphene (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt%) were prepared using a solvent casting method. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the dispersion of GO throughout the film matrix was better than that of graphene. The successful formation of new hydrogen bonds between the film matrix and GO was confirmed through the use of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and initial degradation temperature of the films increased, whereas the total soluble mass, water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability, and light transmittance decreased following GO or graphene incorporation. In summary, nanoblending is an effective method to promote the application of FK/PVA/Tris-based blend films in the packaging field.

scholarly journals Improving Thermal, Mechanical, and Barrier Properties of Feather Keratin/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Nanocomposite Films by Incorporating Sodium Montmorillonite and TiO2

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufang Wu ◽  
Xunjun Chen ◽  
Minghao Yi ◽  
Jianfang Ge ◽  
Guoqiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
Feather Keratin

In this study, feather keratin/polyvinyl alcohol/tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (FK/PVA/Tris) bionanocomposite films containing two types of nanoparticles, namely one-dimensional sodium montmorillonite (MMT) clay platelets (0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt%) and three-dimensional TiO2 nanospheres (0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt%), are prepared using solvent casting method. X-ray diffraction studies confirm the completely exfoliated structure of FK/PVA/Tris/MMT nanocomposites. The successful formation of new hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of the film matrix and the nanofillers is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and initial degradation temperature of the films are enhanced after MMT and TiO2 incorporation. The water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability, and light transmittance decrease with increase in TiO2 and MMT contents. In summary, nanoblending is an effective method to promote the application of FK/PVA/Tris blend films in the packaging field.

scholarly journals Improving the Water Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Feather Keratin/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tris(Hydroxymethyl)Aminomethane Blend Films by Cross-Linking with Transglutaminase, CaCl2, and Genipin

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufang Wu ◽  
Xunjun Chen ◽  
Minghao Yi ◽  
Jianfang Ge ◽  
Guoqiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Blend Film ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Feather Keratin

The high moisture sensitivity of feather keratin/polyvinyl alcohol/tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (FK/PVA/Tris) blend films hinders their application in the packaging field. Thus, in order to improve the water resistance and mechanical properties of such blend films, we attempted cross-linking the blend film with cross-linking agents such as transglutaminase (TG), CaCl2, and genipin. Obvious differences in the morphology of the blended films were observed by scanning electron microscopy before and after cross-linking, indicating that cross-linking can inhibit the phase separation of the blend film. Conformational changes in the blend films after cross-linking were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Importantly, from examination of the total soluble mass, contact angle measurements, and water vapor permeability tests, it was apparent that cross-linking greatly improved the water resistance of the blend films, in addition to enhancing the mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength and elongation at break). However, cross-linking was also found to reduce the oxygen barrier properties of the blend films. Therefore, cross-linking appears to be an effective method for promoting the application of FK/PVA/Tris blend films in the packaging field.

scholarly journals Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/SiO2 Nanocomposite Films: Physicochemical and Structural Characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3725-3734
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Nano Silicon

In the present study, the effects of the two ratios of polyvinyl alcohol /Chitosan (1:1 and 3:1) and nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) (0, 0.5, and 1%) on structural and physicochemical properties of PVA/Chitosan/ nano-SiO2 nanocomposite films were investigated. Our findings showed that the treatments' water solubility (WS) in the presence of nano-SiO2 and higher PVA content was decreased, and the lowest amount was in P3C1-1% (59%). The addition of silica nanoparticles decreased the water vapor permeability (WVP) of films, and the lowest amount of WVP was for treatment with a ratio of 1:1 of PVA/chitosan and 1% nano-SiO2 (P3C1-1%) which was 3.08× 10-10 g m s-1m-2 Pa. Tensile strength (Ts) value was achieved 35.86 MPa in higher PVA content and 1% of nano-SiO2 (P3C1-1%) which was the highest. However, the light transmission value of all treatments did not differ greatly. According to the FTIR results, the appropriate interaction between both polymers and nano-SiO2 was observed in the concentration of 1% nano-SiO2 in P1C1. Eventually, significant improvement of structural and physicochemical properties of the films could achieve in higher PVA content and concentration of 1% of nano-SiO2. Based on these results, these nanocomposite films could be considered suitable for the packaging sector and preserve food quality.

scholarly journals Preparation, Properties and Mechanism of Anionic and Cationic CNC/WPU Composite Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Yu Li ◽  
Yan-Ru Bai ◽  
Xin-Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Zhen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Vapor Permeability

Abstract Three kinds of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were added into waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and nanocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method. The influence of different ionic function groups on microstructure and properties of composite films was investigated, and interaction mechanism between these two components was analyzed. Results show that thermal stability of these composite films are improved by 15℃. Compared with sulfated CNCs （SCNCs） and TEMPO oxidized CNCs (TOCNCs), FE-SEM results prove that cationized CNCs (CaCNCs) have better dispersion in composite films. In addition, fracture surface did not display large cavities, which indicates the interface binding force between WPU and CaCNCs is stronger. The tensile strength and fracture work of CaCNC/WPU composite film increase by 11.9% and by 8.4%, respectively. The oxygen permeability of CaCNC/WPU composite film is the lowest in these composite films, which is 5.00 cm3•cm (cm2•s•Pa)-1. Water vapor permeability of composite films may have a close positive correlation with their hygroscopicity. In all, composite film with CaCNCs has optimal strength, toughness, light transmittance and oxygen barrier properties. There may be opposite ion attraction superimposed hydrogen bond between CaCNCs and WPU in the composite film. The composite films are expected to have applications in food packaging, furniture coatings and biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and optimization of Starch/Poly vinyl alcohol/ ZnO nanocomposite films applicable for food packaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Yari ◽  
Jamshid Mohammadi-Rovshandeh ◽  
Mohsen Shahrousvand
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Pollution and destruction of the environment due to the accumulation of non-degradable plastics are some of the most important concerns in the world. A significant amount of this waste is related to the polymers used in food packaging. Therefore, in recent years, experts in the food industry have been looking for suitable biodegradable alternatives to synthetic polymers. Preparing biocompatible and biodegradable films based on starch is a good choice. In this study, various factors affecting films of starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ containing ZnO nanoparticles such as the amount of starch, PVA, glycerol, and ZnO were evaluated by response surface methodology (RSM). Film formation, mechanical properties, swelling, solubility, and water vapor permeability (WVP) were selected as responses of RSM. The results showed that hydrogen bonding interactions between polyvinyl alcohol and starch improved the film formation. The effect of glycerol and PVA content on the mechanical strength was contrary to each other. As the amount of PVA increased, the tensile strength first decreased and then increased. The value of WVP was for all Runs from 0 to 6.77 × 10− 8 gm− 1s− 1Pa− 1. Finally, films with high film formation, maximum tensile strength, and high elongation at break, minimum solubility, permeability, and swelling were optimized.

Development of active packaging films based on quaternary ammonium chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pericarp extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (SP2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Juge Liu ◽  
Xiyu Yao ◽  
Daewi Yun ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Chunlu Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Active Packaging ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Packaging Films ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Litchi Pericarp

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pericarp contains abundant polyphenols that are suitable materials for developing active packaging films. In this study, 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt% of litchi pericarp extract (LPE) was added into qua-ternary ammonium chitosan (QAC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to develop active packaging films. The structural, physical and functional properties of QAC-PVA (QP) films were compared with LPE (QP-LPE films) and without LPE (QP films). Results showed QP film had a heterogenous cross-section whereas QP-LPE films displayed rough and uneven cross-sections. After adding LPE, the N–H, O–H, C–H and C=O stretching bands of QP films shifted due to the formation of intermolecular interactions between LPE and film matrix. LPE made the colorless QP film turned brown. QP-LPE films presented lower ultraviolet–visible light transmittance than QP film. After adding LPE, film thickness increased from 0.091 to 0.103 mm, film water vapor permeability increased from 14.98 × 10−11 to 17.21 × 10−11 g m−1 s−1 Pa−1, film oxygen permeability increased from 0.16 to 0.22 cm3 mm m−2 day−1 atm−1, film tensile strength increased from 14.10 to 17.41 MPa, and film elongation at break decreased from 36.94% to 25.13%. QP-LPE films quickly released polyphenols in distilled water within 4 h and displayed potent antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial ratio of the film against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was elevated from 50.40−68.04% to 58.93−91.38% after adding LPE. Results suggested QP-LPE films could be utilized as antioxidant and antimicrobial packaging materials in food industry.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Chitosan for Wound Dressing Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Savitskaya ◽  
A. Kistaubayeva ◽  
I. Digel ◽  
D. Shokatayeva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Degradation Temperature

New bacterial cellulose/chitosan (BC/Ch) nanocomposite films were obtained using a simple procedure by immersing BC synthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus in 1% acetic acid solutions of Ch with the degree of deacetylation 75‒85% of medium molecular weight. The BC and BC/Ch composites chemical composition was examined by FTIR, the mechanical properties by a tensile tester, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, and antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa by diffusion and joint incubation methods. The FTIR spectra indicated the intermolecular interaction between BC and Ch. Due to addition of 0.6% (w/v) Ch, the films of BC/Ch become more homogeneous with a significantly denser fibril structure, smaller pore diameter and higher surface area in comparison to those of pure BC films. Micro- (15‒35 nm) and macrofibrils (50‒150 nm) in both BC and BC/Ch films are joined in ribbon-like fibers, providing a high degree of mechanical strength (Young’s modulus: 33‒36 MPa, tensile strength and elongation et break: 17, 22 MPa). The obtained hybrid material is transparent, flexible and displays good water absorption capacity and water vapor permeability. The films have reasonable thermal stability to be in contact with body or during steam sterilization, since maximum degradation temperature (Td) of both biocomposites is around 400‒600 °C. The disc diffusion method confirmed that the BC/Ch films have predominantly non-diffusible antibacterial properties. Antibacterial assessment by the joint incubation method proved that addition of Ch to BC films resulted in significant growth inhibition against target bacteria. The BC/Ch biocomposites’ notable properties make them suitable for wound healing applications.

Ultraviolet blocking and antioxidant polyvinyl alcohol films incorporated with baicalin extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshu Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Wenzhao Shi ◽  
Jianwei Xing ◽  
Chaoqun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Uv Blocking

Abstract Baicalin, an active flavonoid ingredient of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, was extracted by heat reflux extraction and showed the same significance UV absorption property with standard baicalin. Active films were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) containing baicalin extract by casting method. The effect of baicalin extracts on the UV-blocking, optical, antioxidant property, water vapor permeability, swelling and mechanical properties of the films were studied. UV–vis transmittance spectra showed that PVA films incorporated with baicalin extract blocked ultraviolet light range from 280–400 nm even with low concentration of baicalin (0.5 wt%) and maintain the high transparency in visible spectrum. The outstanding UV-blocking properties of PVA films incorporated with baicalin extract were also confirmed by Rhodamine B degradation. Baicalin conferred antioxidant properties to PVA films as determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity. Due to the interaction between hydroxy groups of baicalin and PVA molecule, water vapor permeability, swelling and elongation at break of the films were decreased accompanied with the increasing in tensile strength and Young’s modulus. FTIR reveal that the interaction between PVA molecules was significant changed by the introduction of baicalin. These results suggest that PVA film incorporated with baicalin extract can be used for the development of functional protective film.

Dynamic and creep analysis of polyvinyl alcohol based films blended with starch and protein

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naman Jain ◽  
Vinay K. Singh ◽  
Sakshi Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Creep Analysis

Abstract The present study focuses on the fabrication and analyses of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based films blended with polymers, such as starch and protein. The aim is to improve the moisture absorption, solubility, mechanical and thermal properties of PVA by blending it with various polymers. The thermal cross-linking of the films has been studied by heating the films at 120°C for 4 h. The result shows that PVA was completely soluble in water, while post-blending solubility and moisture absorption of blended films decreased. The tensile strength of blended films was significantly higher (4%–29%) as compared to neat PVA, while thermally cross-linked films showed much higher strength (8%–174%). Blended films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the formation of hydrogen bonds. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the increase in degradation temperature post-blending as compared to neat PVA. The viscoelastic behavior of the material as well as glass transition temperature was studied using dynamic mechanical analysis. Creep and recovery behavior were examined to study the effect of stress and temperature on creep strain. The biodegradability of the blended films was increased post-blending. This study showed that PVA based blend films can replace non-biodegradable plastics and hence are necessary for the development of environmentally friendly materials.

Pea protein isolate nanocomposite films for packaging applications: effect of starch nanocrystals on the structural, morphological, thermal, mechanical and barrier properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Viviane Machado Azevedo ◽  
Ana Carolina Salgado De Oliveira ◽  
Soraia Vilela Borges ◽  
Josiane Callegaro Raguzzoni ◽  
Marali Vilela Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
Pea Protein ◽  
Starch Nanocrystals ◽  
Pea Protein Isolate

Abstract: Studies have been made to explore the utilization of pea proteins in terms of edible film and coating materials. The reinforcement of biopolymer films with plant-based nanocrystals has been applied in order to improve their performance properties. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of corn starch nanocrystals (SN) (0-15%) in pea protein isolate films. Thermal analysis showed that the addition of up to 5% starch nanocrystals increased thermal stability. A 22.3% decrease was observed in water vapor permeability with the addition of SN. Increasing the SN concentration altered the arrangement of the structure to interleaved, in the matrix, as seen in transmission micrographs. This study showed that the use of corn starch nanocrystals as reinforcement in pea protein films had an effect on the films. The incorporation of up to 10% SN is suggested in order to increase the performance properties of pea protein isolate films.

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