scholarly journals Towards Universal Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems: Pillar[5]arenes Synthesis and Self-Assembly into Nanocontainers with Tetrazole Polymers

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 947
Author(s):  
Dmitriy N. Shurpik ◽  
Lyaysan I. Makhmutova ◽  
Konstantin S. Usachev ◽  
Daut R. Islamov ◽  
Olga A. Mostovaya ◽  
...  

In this work, we have proposed a novel universal stimulus-sensitive nanosized polymer system based on decasubstituted macrocyclic structures—pillar[5]arenes and tetrazole-containing polymers. Decasubstituted pillar[5]arenes containing a large, good leaving tosylate, and phthalimide groups were first synthesized and characterized. Pillar[5]arenes containing primary and tertiary amino groups, capable of interacting with tetrazole-containing polymers, were obtained with high yield by removing the tosylate and phthalimide protection. According to the fluorescence spectroscopy data, a dramatic fluorescence enhancement in the pillar[5]arene/fluorescein/polymer system was observed with decreasing pH from neutral (pH = 7) to acidic (pH = 5). This indicates the destruction of associates and the release of the dye at a pH close to 5. The presented results open a broad range of opportunities for the development of new universal stimulus-sensitive drug delivery systems containing macrocycles and nontoxic tetrazole-based polymers.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 6817-6830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Liu ◽  
Jian Dai ◽  
Wei Xue

Stimuli-responsive nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems that are able to actively target the tumor microenvironment, enhance intratumoral accumulation and release drugs at target sites are attractive therapeutic platforms at present.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (29) ◽  
pp. 4031-4041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaojiao Chen ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Hanitrarimalala Veroniaina ◽  
Subhankar Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Juequan Li ◽  
...  

Recently, interest in stimuli-responsive core–shell nanogels as drug delivery systems for tumor therapy has increased.


Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1209
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Berillo ◽  
Adilkhan Yeskendir ◽  
Zharylkasyn Zharkinbekov ◽  
Kamila Raziyeva ◽  
Arman Saparov

Peptide-based drug delivery systems have many advantages when compared to synthetic systems in that they have better biocompatibility, biochemical and biophysical properties, lack of toxicity, controlled molecular weight via solid phase synthesis and purification. Lysosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, polymeric micelles can be applied by intravenous administration, however they are of artificial nature and thus may induce side effects and possess lack of ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. An analysis of nontoxic drug delivery systems and an establishment of prospective trends in the development of drug delivery systems was needed. This review paper summarizes data, mainly from the past 5 years, devoted to the use of peptide-based carriers for delivery of various toxic drugs, mostly anticancer or drugs with limiting bioavailability. Peptide-based drug delivery platforms are utilized as peptide–drug conjugates, injectable biodegradable particles and depots for delivering small molecule pharmaceutical substances (500 Da) and therapeutic proteins. Controlled drug delivery systems that can effectively deliver anticancer and peptide-based drugs leading to accelerated recovery without significant side effects are discussed. Moreover, cell penetrating peptides and their molecular mechanisms as targeting peptides, as well as stimuli responsive (enzyme-responsive and pH-responsive) peptides and peptide-based self-assembly scaffolds are also reviewed.


Author(s):  
Prashant Malik ◽  
Neha Gulati ◽  
Raj Kaur Malik ◽  
Upendra Nagaich

Nanotechnology deal with the particle size in nanometers. Nanotechnology is ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale. In nanotechnology mainly three types of nanodevices are described: carbon nanotubes, quantum dots and dendrimers. It is a recent technique used as small size particles to treat many diseases like cancer, gene therapy and used as diagnostics. Nanotechnology used to formulate targeted, controlled and sustained drug delivery systems. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology embraces applications of nanoscience to pharmacy as nanomaterials and as devices like drug delivery, diagnostic, imaging and biosensor materials. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology has provided more fine tuned diagnosis and focused treatment of disease at a molecular level.    


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya Gorantla ◽  
Tejashree Waghule ◽  
Vamshi Krishna Rapalli ◽  
Prem Prakash Singh ◽  
Sunil Kumar Dubey ◽  
...  

Hydrogels are aqueous gels composed of cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers. Stimuli-responsive based hydrogels have gained focus over the past 20 years for treating ophthalmic diseases. Different stimuli-responsive mechanisms are involved in forming polymer hydrogel networks, including change in temperature, pH, ions, and others including light, thrombin, pressure, antigen, and glucose-responsive. Incorporation of nanocarriers with these smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems that can extend the duration of action by increasing ocular bioavailability and reducing the dosing frequency. This review will focus on the hydrogel drug delivery systems highlighting the gelling mechanisms and emerging stimuli-responsive hydrogels from preformed gels, nanogels, and the role of advanced 3D printed hydrogels in vision-threatening diseases like age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. It also provides insight into the limitations of hydrogels along with the safety and biocompatibility of the hydrogel drug delivery systems.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapna Saini ◽  
Sanju Nanda ◽  
Anju Dhiman

: Chitosan, a natural biodegradable polymer obtained from deacetylation of chitin, has been used as an approbative macromolecule for the development of various novel drug delivery systems. It is one of the most favorable biodegradable carriers for nanoparticulate drug delivery due to its intrinsic properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, availability of free reactive amino groups, and ease of chemical modification into different active derivatives. Furthermore, interesting physical properties (film-forming, gelling and thickening) make it a suitable candidate for formulations, such as films, microcapsules, beads, nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanogel and so on. Researchers have reported that chitosan nanoparticles act as a promising vehicle for herbal actives as they provide a superior alternative to traditional carriers and improve pharmaceutical efficiency. As no review of chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating herbal extracts and bioactives has been published till date, a maiden effort has been made to collate and review the use of chitosan nanoparticles for the entrapment of phytoconstituents to yield stable, efficient and safe drug delivery systems. Additionally, the paper presents a comprehensive account of the state-of the-art in fabricating herbal chitosan nanoparticles and their current pharmacological status. A list of patents on chitosan nanoparticles of herbal actives has also been included. This review is intended to serve as a didactic discourse for the formulation scientists endeavoring to develop advanced delivery systems for herbal actives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Hien Phan ◽  
Vincenzo Taresco ◽  
Jacques Penelle ◽  
Benoit Couturaud

Stimuli-responsive amphiphilic block copolymers obtained by PISA have emerged as promising nanocarriers for enhancing site-specific and on-demand drug release in response to a range of stimuli such as pH, redox agents, light or temperature.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3610
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Huayu Qiu ◽  
Shouchun Yin ◽  
Hebin Wang ◽  
Yang Li

Pluronic polymers (pluronics) are a unique class of synthetic triblock copolymers containing hydrophobic polypropylene oxide (PPO) and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide (PEO) arranged in the PEO-PPO-PEO manner. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and amphiphilic properties, pluronics are an ideal and promising biological material, which is widely used in drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and treatment, among other applications. Through self-assembly or in combination with other materials, pluronics can form nano carriers with different morphologies, representing a kind of multifunctional pharmaceutical excipients. In recent years, the utilization of pluronic-based multi-functional drug carriers in tumor treatment has become widespread, and various responsive drug carriers are designed according to the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, resulting in major progress in tumor therapy. This review introduces the specific role of pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy, focusing on their physical and chemical properties as well as the design aspects of pluronic polymers. Finally, using newer literature reports, this review provides insights into the future potential and challenges posed by different pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Louise Van Gheluwe ◽  
Igor Chourpa ◽  
Coline Gaigne ◽  
Emilie Munnier

Progress in recent years in the field of stimuli-responsive polymers, whose properties change depending on the intensity of a signal, permitted an increase in smart drug delivery systems (SDDS). SDDS have attracted the attention of the scientific community because they can help meet two current challenges of the pharmaceutical industry: targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine. Controlled release of the active ingredient can be achieved through various stimuli, among which are temperature, pH, redox potential or even enzymes. SDDS, hitherto explored mainly in oncology, are now developed in the fields of dermatology and cosmetics. They are mostly hydrogels or nanosystems, and the most-used stimuli are pH and temperature. This review offers an overview of polymer-based SDDS developed to trigger the release of active ingredients intended to treat skin conditions or pathologies. The methods used to attest to stimuli-responsiveness in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo are discussed.


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