scholarly journals On the Shape-Selected, Ligand-Free Preparation of Hybrid Perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) Microcrystals and Their Suitability as Model-System for Single-Crystal Studies of Optoelectronic Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3057
Author(s):  
Ulrich Johannes Bahnmüller ◽  
Henning Kuper ◽  
Tobias Seewald ◽  
Yenal Yalҫinkaya ◽  
Jörg August Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Model System ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Aerosol Process ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
Ligand Free ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Shape Property ◽  
Underlying Processes

Hybrid perovskite materials are one of the most promising candidates for optoelectronic applications, e.g., solar cells and LEDs, which can be produced at low cost compared to established materials. Although this field of research has seen a huge upsurge in the past decade, there is a major lack in understanding the underlying processes, such as shape-property relationships and the role of defects. Our aerosol-assisted synthesis pathway offers the possibility to obtain methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) microcrystals from a liquid single source precursor. The differently shaped particles are aligned on several substrates, without using a directing agent or other additives. The obtained particles show good stability under dry conditions. This allows us to characterize these materials and their pure surfaces at the single-crystal level using time- and spatially resolved methods, without any influences of size-dependent effects. By optimizing the precursor for the aerosol process, we were able to eliminate any purification steps and use the materials as processed. In addition, we performed theoretical simulations to deepen the understanding of the underlying processes in the formation of the different crystal facets and their specific properties. The model system presented provides insights into the shape-related properties of MAPbBr3 single crystals and their directed but ligand-free synthesis.

Direct, spatially resolved observation of defect states with electromigration and degradation of single crystal SrTiO3

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 094105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hantian Gao ◽  
Sulata Sahu ◽  
Clive A. Randall ◽  
Leonard J. Brillson
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Defect States ◽  
Spatially Resolved

scholarly journals Major Impediment to Highly Efficient, Stable and Low-Cost Perovskite Solar Cells

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Haiming Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Wei ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Carrier Mobility ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Perovskite Materials ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Major Impediment

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made immense progress in recent years, owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, such as high extinction coefficient, carrier mobility, and low exciton binding energy. Since the first appearance in 2009, the efficiency of PSCs has reached 23.3%. This has made them the most promising rival to silicon-based solar cells. However, there are still several issues to resolve to promote PSCs’ outdoor applications. In this review, three crucial aspects of PSCs, including high efficiency, environmental stability, and low-cost of PSCs, are described in detail. Recent in-depth studies on different aspects are also discussed for better understanding of these issues and possible solutions.

scholarly journals Reshaping Hybrid Perovskites Emission with Flexible Polymer Microcavities

2020 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Paola Lova ◽  
Paolo Giusto ◽  
Francesco Di Stasio ◽  
Giovanni Manfredi ◽  
Giuseppe M. Paternò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Light Emitting Devices ◽  
Flexible Polymer ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solution Processable

Thanks to versatile optoelectronic properties solution processable perovskites have attracted increasing interest as active materials in photovoltaic and light emitting devices. However, the deposition of perovskite thin films necessitates wide range solvents that are incompatible with many other solution-processable media, including polymers that are usually dissolved by the perovskite solvents. In this work, we demonstrate that hybrid perovskite thin films can be coupled with all polymer planar photonic crystals with different approaches to achieve emission intensity enhancement and reshaping using different approaches. The possibility to control and modify the emission spectrum of a solution processable perovskite via a simple spun-cast polymer structure is indeed of great interest in optoelectronic applications requiring high color purity or emission directionality. Furthermore, thanks to the ease of fabrication and scalability of solution-processed photonic crystals, this approach could enable industrial scale production of low-cost, large area, lightweight and flexible polymer-perovskite lighting devices, which may be tuned without resorting to compositional engineering.

Tensile Properties of a Low-Cost First Generation Single Crystal Superalloy DD16

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 478-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Xu ◽  
Yun Song Zhao ◽  
Ding Zhong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Cleavage Fracture ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Crystal Superalloy ◽  
Fracture Characteristics

The tensile properties of a low-cost first generation single crystal superalloy DD16 have been investigated. The results show that values of the tensile strength and yield strength of DD16 alloy were similar at typical temperatures; from room temperature to 760, the yield strength of DD16 alloy increases; However, above 760, the yield strength of DD16 alloy decreases remarkably, and the maximum of the yield strength was 1145.5MPa at 760. From room temperature to 760, the fracture mode was cleavage fracture; But above 760, the fracture characteristics changed from cleavage to dimple.

scholarly journals Spatially resolved single crystal x-ray spectropolarimetry of wire array z-pinch plasmas

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 015106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Wallace ◽  
S. Haque ◽  
P. Neill ◽  
N. R. Pereira ◽  
R. Presura
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Wire Array ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Z Pinch

Atomic Layer Dependence of Shear Modulus in a Two-Dimensional Single-Crystal Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (24) ◽  
pp. 15251-15257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qikun Li ◽  
Sheng Bi ◽  
Jingyuan Bu ◽  
Chaolong Tang ◽  
Zhongliang Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite

Curie temperature variations in synthetic titanomagnetite single crystals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie-Charlotte Lappe ◽  
Georg Winkens ◽  
Joerg Persson ◽  
Shibabrata Nandi ◽  
Oleg Petracic
Keyword(s):  
Curie Temperature ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

<p>Paleomagnetic measurements provide very important methods to study the evolution of and variations in the Earth’s magnetic field throughout time. A vital tool used in paleomagnetism are natural magnetic minerals, such as the titanomagnetite (<em>TM</em>) solid solution series (Fe<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub>Ti<em><sub>x</sub></em>O<sub>4</sub>, 0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 1). The main source of magnetic information in <em>TM</em>s is the thermal remanent magnetisation (<em>TRM</em>) they retain whilst being cooled below their Curie temperature (<em>T<sub>C</sub></em>) during their formation.</p><p>The key factor determining the <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>is the composition. However, recent studies on natural and synthetic TM powders [1,2,3] have shown that their <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>is also heavily influenced by their thermal history. Annealing various natural and synthetic <em>TM</em> powders at temperatures between 300°C and 425°C for timescales of hours to months resulted in changes in their <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>of up to 150°C.</p><p>The accuracy of many paleomagnetic measuring techniques, such as geomagnetic paleointensity estimates and paleomagnetic paleothermometry, depends on the exact knowledge of the Curie temperature. Changes in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>of such a considerable extend could deeply impact those techniques or even render them doubtable. So far, vacancy-mediated chemical clustering at the octahedral site of the <em>TM</em> structure has been postulated as the mechanism causing this phenomenon [2,3]. To further investigate the underlying processes, we synthesised a large (~6.5 mm diameter;  ~27 mm length) <em>TM</em> single crystal using an optical floating zone furnace. Via SEM-EDX techniques it was established that the crystal was homogenous over its whole length with a composition of  Fe<sub>2.64</sub>Ti<sub>0.36</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Using a Physical Properties Measurement System (<em>PPMS</em>) the Curie temperatures of several pieces of the crystal were determined after different annealing treatments. For the first time it has been possible to detect systematic changes in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>with annealing in a <em>TM</em> single crystal.</p><p>Additionally within the scope of this project it was possible to determine the relationship between the extend of change in <em>T<sub>C</sub>  </em>and the microstructure for polycrystalline samples.</p><p> </p><p>[1] Bowles, J. A., Jackson, M. J., Berquó, T. S., Solheid, P. A. and Gee, J. S. (2013), Nature Communications, 4, 1916. https://doi:10.1038/ncomms2938</p><p>[2] Jackson, M. J., and Bowles, J. A. (2018), J. Geophys. Res., 123, 1-20. https://doi:10.1002/2017JB015193</p><p>[3] Bowles, J. A., Lappe, S.‐C. L. L., Jackson, M. J., Arenholz, E., & van der Laan, G. (2019). Geochem. Geophy. Geosy. 20. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008217</p>

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