Use of vitamin and mineral supplements among adolescents living in Germany—Results from EsKiMo II

Dietary supplements may contribute to nutrient intake; however, actual data on dietary supplement use among adolescents living in Germany are rare. The aim of this analysis was to describe the current use of dietary supplements, its determinants, and reasons of use. Changes in supplement use over time were evaluated by comparing the results with those from EsKiMo I (2006). Data from the Eating Study as a KiGGS Module EsKiMo II (2015–2017) were used to analyze supplement intake according to sociodemographic, health characteristics, and physical exercise behavior of 12–17-year-olds (n = 1356). Supplement use during the past four weeks was assessed by a standardized computer assisted personal interview. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the association between supplement use and its determinants. Between 2015–2017, 16.4% (95%-CI: 13.0–19.7%) of the adolescents used dietary supplements, and its use decreased with lower levels of physical exercise and overweight. Most supplement users used only one supplement, often containing both vitamins and minerals. The most frequently supplemented nutrients were vitamin C and magnesium. The main reported reason to use supplements was ‘to improve health’. Prevalence of supplement use was slightly lower in 2015-2017 than in 2006 (18.5%; 95%-CI: 15.8–21.2%). The results underline the importance of including nutrient intake through dietary supplements in nutrition surveys.

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Dietary supplement use in elementary school children: a Japanese web-based survey

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-00985-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kazue Ishitsuka ◽

Satoshi Sasaki ◽

Hidetoshi Mezawa ◽

Mizuho Konishi ◽

Maki Igarashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Sports Participation ◽

Web Based ◽

Mineral Supplements ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Health Related Behaviors ◽

Health Related ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Frequency Of Sports Participation

Abstract Background A variety of dietary supplements are commercially available. However, the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use in children are not well established. Understanding dietary supplement use is important for developing public health policy regarding dietary supplements. This study aimed to investigate the types of dietary supplements used and characteristics of dietary supplement users among Japanese elementary school children. Method We conducted a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study. Dietary supplement use, socio-demographics, and health-related behaviors were assessed through mother-reported questionnaire. Types of dietary supplements were identified based on ingredient using product barcodes and brand names. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the socio-demographics and health-related behaviors associated with supplement use. Results Among 4933 children, 333 (6.8%) were identified as dietary supplement users. The most common supplement was amino acids or protein (1.4%), followed by n–3 fatty acids or fish oil (1.0%), probiotics (1.0%), multivitamins (0.9%), multivitamin-minerals (0.8%), and botanicals (0.8%). Overall, any dietary supplement use was significantly associated with the highest frequency of sports participation (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–4.02), highest household income (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13–3.10), highest maternal educational level (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31–2.52), and male sex (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09–1.75). The highest frequency of sports participation was significantly associated with higher odds of use of amino acids or protein (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.78–20.6) and multivitamins (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.11–11.5), compared to the lowest frequency of sports participation. Conclusion This study showed that Japanese children primarily use non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements. Non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements should thus be included in future studies aimed at monitoring dietary supplement use. We also found that dietary supplement use in children was associated with sports participation. Guidelines for dietary supplement use for children, in particular sport participants, are needed.

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The balance between food and dietary supplements in the general population

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665118002525 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 97-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marleen A. H. Lentjes

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Supplement Use ◽

The Past ◽

Nutrition Guidelines ◽

Public Health Messages ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

The Uk ◽

Deficiency Diseases

In the past, vitamins and minerals were used to cure deficiency diseases. Supplements nowadays are used with the aim of reducing the risk of chronic diseases of which the origins are complex. Dietary supplement use has increased in the UK over recent decades, contributing to the nutrient intake in the population, but not necessarily the proportion of the population that is sub-optimally nourished; therefore, not reducing the proportion below the estimated average requirement and potentially increasing the number at risk of an intake above the safety limits. The supplement nutrient intake may be objectively monitored using circulation biomarkers. The influence of the researcher in how the supplements are grouped and how the nutrient intakes are quantified may however result in different conclusions regarding their nutrient contribution, the associations with biomarkers, in general, and dose–response associations specifically. The diet might be sufficient in micronutrients, but lacking in a balanced food intake. Since public-health nutrition guidelines are expressed in terms of foods, there is potentially a discrepancy between the nutrient-orientated supplement and the quality of the dietary pattern. To promote health, current public-health messages only advocate supplements in specific circumstances, but not in optimally nourished populations.

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Supplements for Smoking-Related Lung Diseases

Encyclopedia ◽

10.3390/encyclopedia1010010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 76-86

Author(s):

Naser A. Alsharairi

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Lung Diseases ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Health Claims ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Regulatory Guidelines ◽

Asthma Patients ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Improve Health

Supplements for smoking-related lung diseases are considered as nonfood products and thought to improve health. Multivitamins and antioxidants are the most commonly dietary supplements used by cancer and asthma patients. There are currently no clear regulatory guidelines that include dietary supplements and their effect on lung cancer and asthma patients, particularly in smokers. Several countries have taken steps to overcome challenges in regulating dietary supplements in the marketplace. These challenges include inadequate assurance of safety/efficacy, inaccuracy of product labeling, misleading health claims, and lack of analytical techniques for dietary supplements. There is a need to establish standards and regulation of dietary supplement use in patients with lung cancer and asthma. The aim of this entry is to expand knowledge on dietary supplements use and smoking-related lung diseases (lung cancer and asthma).

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Dietary Supplement Use among Adult Cancer Survivors in the United States

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 (6) ◽

pp. 1499-1508

Author(s):

Mengxi Du ◽

Hanqi Luo ◽

Jeffrey B Blumberg ◽

Gail Rogers ◽

Fan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

The United States ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Adult Cancer Survivors ◽

Dietary Supplement Use

ABSTRACT Background Many cancer patients initiate dietary supplement use after cancer diagnosis. How dietary supplement use contributes to the total nutrient intake among cancer survivors as compared with individuals without cancer needs to be determined. Objectives We aimed to evaluate nutrient intakes from dietary supplements among cancer survivors in relation to their total nutrient intake and compare those with individuals without cancer. Methods We evaluated the prevalence, dose, and reason for using dietary supplements among 2772 adult cancer survivors and 31,310 individuals without cancer who participated in the NHANES 2003–2016. Results Cancer survivors reported a higher prevalence of any (70.4% vs. 51.2%) and multivitamin/mineral (48.9% vs. 36.6%) supplement use and supplement use of 11 individual vitamins and 8 minerals than individuals without cancer. Overall, cancer survivors had significantly higher amounts of nutrient intake from supplements but lower nutrient intakes from foods for the majority of the nutrients. Compared with individuals without cancer, cancer survivors had a higher percentage of individuals with inadequate intake (total nutrient intake <Estimated Average Requirement or Adequate Intake) for folate, vitamin B-6, niacin, calcium, copper, and phosphorus, due to lower intakes of these nutrients from foods. Cancer survivors also had a higher proportion of individuals with excess intake (total nutrient intake ≥Tolerable Upper Intake Level) for vitamin D, vitamin B-6, niacin, calcium, magnesium, and zinc, contributed by higher intakes of these nutrients from dietary supplements. Nearly half (46.1%) used dietary supplements on their own without consulting health care providers. Conclusions Cancer survivors reported a higher prevalence and dose of dietary supplement use but lower amounts of nutrient intake from foods than individuals without cancer. The inadequate nutrient intake from foods and the short-term and long-term health impact of dietary supplement use, especially at high doses, need to be further evaluated among cancer survivors.

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Knowledge and Patterns of Dietary Supplement Use among Students Attending King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211020882 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110208

Author(s):

Abdulraof Alqrache ◽

Mostafa Mostafa ◽

Omar Ghabrah ◽

Ziyad Ghabrah ◽

Nezar Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplements ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Supplement Use ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Selection Of

Oral dietary supplements (DSs) include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, energy drinks, and herbal products. The use of DSs is increasing and their manufacturers promote their benefits. Studies have validated some of these benefits, but have also indicated that some DSs can have adverse effects, especially if used without the appropriate supervision. Little information on DS use among Saudis is available. This study assessed the use of dietary supplements among male and female university students with the goal of educating the community about DSs and the dangers associated with their misuse. Online and paper validated questionnaires were administered to King Abdulaziz University (KAU) students between September 2019 and January 2020. The responses were collected and analyzed statistically. Of the 954 KAU students who completed the survey, one-third used DSs (42.9% women vs 25.7% men). Of these, 51.7% believed that DSs are essential for health, 41.7% classified them as both food and drugs, 67.2% were aware that DSs could not replace a healthy diet, and 25.8% were aware of their potentially harmful effects. Multivitamins and minerals were the most used DSs. DS awareness among KAU students is limited. Additional health education is necessary to assist students in their selection of the most suitable DSs.

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Use of dietary supplements in pregnant women in relation to sociodemographic factors – a report from The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013000293 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 1390-1402 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Carin Andrén Aronsson ◽

Kendra Vehik ◽

Jimin Yang ◽

Ulla Uusitalo ◽

Kristen Hay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Environmental Determinants ◽

Supplement Use ◽

The Usa ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence and associated factors of dietary supplement use, particularly supplements containing vitamin D and fatty acids, in pregnant women enrolled in a multi-national study.DesignThe Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study is a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Maternal dietary supplement use was self-reported through questionnaires at month 3 to 4 postpartum.SettingSix clinical research centres; three in the USA (Colorado, Georgia/Florida and Washington) and three in Europe (Sweden, Finland and Germany).SubjectsMothers (n 7326) to infants screened for high-risk HLA-DQ genotypes of type 1 diabetes.ResultsNinety-two per cent of the 7326 women used one or more types of supplement during pregnancy. Vitamin D supplements were taken by 65 % of the women, with the highest proportion of users in the USA (80·5 %). Overall, 16 % of the women reported taking fatty acid supplements and a growing trend was seen in all countries between 2004 and 2010 (P < 0·0001). The use was more common in Germany (32 %) and the USA (24 %) compared with Finland (8·5 %) and Sweden (7·0 %). Being pregnant with the first child was a strong predictor for any supplement use in all countries. Low maternal age (<25 years), higher education, BMI ≥ 25·0 kg/m2 and smoking during pregnancy were factors associated with supplement use in some but not all countries.ConclusionsThe majority of the women used dietary supplements during pregnancy. The use was associated with sociodemographic and behavioural factors, such as parity, maternal age, education, BMI and maternal smoking.

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The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among Elementary, Junior High, and High School Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091176 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Etsuko Kobayashi ◽

Chiharu Nishijima ◽

Yoko Sato ◽

Keizo Umegaki ◽

Tsuyoshi Chiba

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Parental Education ◽

Junior High ◽

The Internet ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Dietary Supplement Use

The prevalence of dietary supplement use, such as vitamins, minerals, or fish oil, has increased among children in Japan; however, whether children are using dietary supplements appropriately remains unclear. This study aimed to determine dietary supplement use among children. In August 2017, a nationwide internet preliminary survey of 265,629 mothers aged from 25 to 59 years old was undertaken. Of these, 19,041 mothers of children attending either elementary school, junior high school, or high school were selected. Among them, 16.4% were currently providing their children with dietary supplements and 5.2% had previously given dietary supplements to their children. The prevalence of dietary supplement use was higher in boys than in girls, and the prevalence increased according to their grade. A total of 2439 participants were eligible to undertake a targeted survey on dietary supplement use. Dietary supplements were being taken to maintain health, supplement nutrients, and enhance growth in both boys and girls, and many children (37.5%) were provided with vitamin and mineral supplements. Mothers mainly obtained information concerning dietary supplements via the internet, and supplements were purchased in drug stores or via the internet. The prevalence of dietary supplement use in mothers was 65.4% and may be associated with the prevalence rates in children. Some mothers reported adverse events (3.6%) in their children, such as stomachache, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and constipation. The cause-and-effect relationships for adverse events were not clear, but some children were given products for adults. Children are more influenced by dietary supplements compared to adults. To prevent adverse events due to inappropriate use, parental education concerning dietary supplements is essential.

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The Use of Dietary Supplements Among African and Caribbean Women Living in the UK: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030847 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 847

Author(s):

Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye ◽

Omorogieva Ojo ◽

Gulshanara Begum

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Black African ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Caribbean Women ◽

Black Caribbean ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

The Uk

Previous studies have shown that the use of dietary supplements is associated with the prevention of birth defects, negative pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular diseases. However, there might be some ethnic disparities in supplement usage suggesting that women who could benefit from it are not frequent users. This study aimed to characterise the use of dietary supplement among Black African and Black Caribbean women living in the United Kingdom (UK). Furthermore, it evaluated possible associations between the use of dietary supplements and health and diet awareness. A total of 262 women self-ascribed as Black African and Black Caribbean living in the UK completed a comprehensive questionnaire on socio-demographic factors, diet, use of supplements and cultural factors. The main outcome variable was the regular use of any type of dietary supplement. Use of vitamin D and/or calcium was also explored. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was applied to identify predictors of regular use of dietary supplements. A total of 33.2% of women reported regular use of any dietary supplements and 16.8% reported use of vitamin D and/or calcium. There were no significant ethnic differences in the use of dietary supplements. Reporting use of the back of food packaging label (odds ratio (OR) 2.21; 95% CI 1.07–4.55); a self-rated healthy diet (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.19–6.91) and having cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension and/or high cholesterol (OR 3.81; 95% CI 1.53–9.49) increased the likelihood of using any dietary supplement. However, having poorer awareness decreased the likelihood (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.88–0.99) of using any dietary supplement. For the use of vitamin D and/or calcium supplements, the main predictor was having CVD, hypertension and/or high cholesterol (OR 4.43; 95% CI 1.90–10.35). The prevalence of dietary supplement use was low among African and Caribbean women. Thus, awareness of potential benefits of some dietary supplements (e.g., vitamin D) among the Black population should be promoted.

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Evaluation of Dietary Supplement Use in Wheelchair Rugby Athletes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10121958 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1958 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robyn Madden ◽

Jane Shearer ◽

David Legg ◽

Jill Parnell

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplement ◽

Wheelchair Rugby ◽

Supplement Use ◽

The Past ◽

Nutritional Guidelines ◽

Athletes With Disabilities ◽

Supplement Usage ◽

Paralympic Sport ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Reasons For Use

Wheelchair rugby is a rapidly growing Paralympic sport; however, research remains predominantly in the realms of physiology and biomechanics. Currently, there is little investigation into nutrition and dietary supplement use among wheelchair rugby athletes (WRA). The aim of this study was to assess the types of dietary supplements (DS) used, the prevalence of usage, and the reasons for use among WRA. The secondary aim was to report utilized and preferred sources of nutritional information among this population. A valid, reliable Dietary Supplement Questionnaire was used to report supplement use and reasons for use. Male (n = 33) and female (n = 9) WRA were recruited at a national tournament and through emailing coaches of various Canadian teams. Dietary supplement usage was prevalent as 90.9% of males and 77.8% of females reported usage within the past three months with the most regularly used supplements being vitamin D (26.2%), electrolytes (19.5%), and protein powder (19.5%). The most common reason for usage was performance. The top sources of nutrition information were dietitian/nutritionist and the internet. Further investigation into DS use is needed to help create nutritional guidelines that are accessible to WRA and athletes with disabilities in general.

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Dietary Supplement Use Among Chinese Primary School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hunan Province

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16030374 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 374 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hanmei Liu ◽

Shiya Zhang ◽

Hanshuang Zou ◽

Yuanlin Pan ◽

Qiping Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary School ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Primary School Students ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Dietary Supplement Use

Dietary supplement use is increasing globally, especially among children. However, few studies have been conducted to examine dietary supplement use among Chinese children. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of dietary supplement use and the associated factors in primary school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four primary schools in Hunan province, China. A total of 706 Chinese parents/caregivers of school children aged 6–12 years old were enrolled. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to collect information about the children’s dietary supplement use, and their socio-demographic characteristics. The prevalence of dietary supplement use in primary school students was 20.4%. Calcium (16.7%), vitamin C (9.2%), and vitamin D (8.5%) were the most commonly used types of dietary supplement. The main reasons for parents/caregivers to purchase dietary supplements for their children were immunity improvement (43.6%), and for growth promotion (36.5%). Some caregivers (26.4%) purchased dietary supplements online, including from dubious or unknown sellers. However, 37.5% of caregivers did not receive formal guidance on supplementation even if they purchased their supplements through formal channels. Parents/caregivers were unclear about the appropriate choices for children’s dietary supplement use. Guidelines and counseling regarding dietary supplements for children may be helpful in public health work.

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