Food and Nutrient Intake during Pregnancy in Relation to Maternal Characteristics: Results from the NICE Birth Cohort in Northern Sweden

Linkages between diet and other lifestyle factors may confound observational studies. We used cluster analysis to analyze how the intake of food and nutrients during pregnancy co-varies with lifestyle, clinical and demographic factors in 567 women who participated in the NICE (nutritional impact on immunological maturation during childhood in relation to the environment) birth-cohort in northern Sweden. A food frequency questionnaire, Meal-Q, was administered in pregnancy Week 34, and the reported food and nutrient intakes were related to maternal characteristics such as age, education, rural/town residence, parity, pre-pregnancy smoking, first-trimester BMI, allergy and hyperemesis. Two lifestyle-diet clusters were identified: (1) High level of education and higher age were related to one another, and associated with a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and fish, and (2) smoking before pregnancy and higher BMI in early pregnancy were related to one another and associated with a diet that contained white bread, French fries, pizza, meat, soft drinks, candy and snacks. More than half of the women had lower-than-recommended daily intake levels of vitamin D, folate, selenium, and iodine. Complex lifestyle-diet interactions should be considered in observational studies that link diet and pregnancy outcome.

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Maternal dietary intake of vitamin A during pregnancy was inversely associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114519002204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 122 (11) ◽

pp. 1295-1302 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takehiro Michikawa ◽

Shin Yamazaki ◽

Makiko Sekiyama ◽

Tatsuo Kuroda ◽

Shoji F. Nakayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Daily Intake ◽

First Trimester ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Total Vitamin

AbstractThe pathogenesis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is largely unknown; however, vitamin A seems to play a role in diaphragmatic development. Previous case–control studies reported that maternal dietary vitamin A intake was inversely associated with the risk of CDH. To our knowledge, however, there is no prospective evidence regarding this association. Our aim was to examine whether maternal intake of vitamin A was associated with CDH occurrence. Baseline data, from the Japan nationwide birth cohort study (2011–2014) of 89 658 mothers (mean age at delivery = 31·2 years) who delivered singleton live births, were analysed. We assessed dietary habits using an FFQ focused on the first trimester and estimated the daily intake of total vitamin A (retinol activity equivalents), retinol, provitamin A carotenoids and vegetables. The occurrence of CDH was ascertained from medical records. A total of forty cases of CDH were documented. The adjusted OR of CDH occurrence for the high total vitamin A intake category (median = 468 μg/d) was 0·6 (95 % CI 0·3, 1·2) with reference to the low intake category (230 μg/d). When we restricted to mothers with a prepregnancy BMI of 18·5–24·9 kg/m2, vitamin A intake was inversely associated with the risk of their children being born with CDH (OR 0·5, 95 % CI 0·2, 1·0). Even given the limited number of cases in the study, our findings provide additional evidence to link vitamin A with CDH.

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201: Relationship between maternal characteristics and A-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM12S) in the first trimester

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2009.10.216 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 201 (6) ◽

pp. S87

Author(s):

Yan Zhong ◽

Mark Longtine ◽

Jean Schoenborn ◽

Methodius Tuuli ◽

Linda Odibo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Characteristics

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First trimester prediction of maternal glycemic status

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2014-0149 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rinat Gabbay-Benziv ◽

Lauren E. Doyle ◽

Miriam Blitzer ◽

Ahmet A. Baschat

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

First Trimester ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Maternal Characteristics ◽

Predictive Algorithm

AbstractTo predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or normoglycemic status using first trimester maternal characteristics.We used data from a prospective cohort study. First trimester maternal characteristics were compared between women with and without GDM. Association of these variables with sugar values at glucose challenge test (GCT) and subsequent GDM was tested to identify key parameters. A predictive algorithm for GDM was developed and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) statistics was used to derive the optimal risk score. We defined normoglycemic state, when GCT and all four sugar values at oral glucose tolerance test, whenever obtained, were normal. Using same statistical approach, we developed an algorithm to predict the normoglycemic state.Maternal age, race, prior GDM, first trimester BMI, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were all significantly associated with GDM. Age, BMI, and SBP were also associated with GCT values. The logistic regression analysis constructed equation and the calculated risk score yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 85%, 62%, 13.8%, and 98.3% for a cut-off value of 0.042, respectively (ROC-AUC – area under the curve 0.819, CI – confidence interval 0.769–0.868). The model constructed for normoglycemia prediction demonstrated lower performance (ROC-AUC 0.707, CI 0.668–0.746).GDM prediction can be achieved during the first trimester encounter by integration of maternal characteristics and basic measurements while normoglycemic status prediction is less effective.

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Management of Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis in a Pregnant Woman With COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/izaa109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 971-973 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Melissa H Rosen ◽

Jordan Axelrad ◽

David Hudesman ◽

David T Rubin ◽

Shannon Chang

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

First Trimester ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Severe Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

High Level

Abstract First detected in Wuhan, China, the novel 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped RNA beta-coronavirus responsible for an unprecedented, worldwide pandemic caused by COVID-19. Optimal management of immunosuppression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with COVID-19 infection currently is based on expert opinion, given the novelty of the infection and the corresponding lack of high-level evidence in patients with immune-mediated conditions. There are limited data regarding IBD patients with COVID-19 and no data regarding early pregnancy in the era of COVID-19. This article describes a patient with acute severe ulcerative colitis (UC) during her first trimester of pregnancy who also has COVID-19. The case presentation is followed by a review of the literature to date on COVID-19 in regard to inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy, respectively.

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First trimester maternal characteristics, Doppler parameters and serum analytes after preeclampsia

Hypertension in Pregnancy ◽

10.3109/10641955.2013.853778 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 204-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dana M. Block-Abraham ◽

Ozhan M. Turan ◽

Lauren E. Doyle ◽

Jerome N. Kopelman ◽

Robert O. Atlas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Characteristics

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Health risks and legal aspects of non-alcoholic drinks safe consumption

One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine ◽

10.33273/2663-9726-2020-52-1-26-31 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

T.V. Adamchuk ◽

S.M. Kuzminskiy ◽

Т.О. Shchutska

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Alcoholic Beverage ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Energy Drinks ◽

Energy Drink ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

International Agency ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Safety Concerns ◽

High Level

Objective of the Work. Conduct an analysis of the safety studies of the major energy drink components carried out by various international scientific institutions. Compare European and Ukrainian legislation on the regulation of safe energy drink consumption. Methods and Materials. Analysis of scientific literature, as well as European and Ukrainian regulations on the safety and regulation of energy drinks. Results and Discussion. Non-alcoholic beverage is one that, due to its special component, activates the physiological functions of the human body. Its main components are caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, ginseng extracts, guarana and vitamin B complex. Caffeine safety assessment has been carried out by many scientific organizations. In 1991, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that caffeine was not classified as a human carcinogen. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has conducted a comprehensive and in-depth study on the safety of caffeine. The main findings of this study are: single doses of caffeine up to 200 mg (about 3 mg / kg body weight for an adult weighing 70 kg) do not cause safety concerns, regular caffeine intake up to 400 mg per day does not cause safety concerns for nonpregnant adults, regular caffeine intake of up to 200 mg daily by pregnant women does not cause fetal safety concerns, breastfeeding women do not raise infant safety concerns; for adolescents, caffeine intake in amounts that do not cause fears for adult caffeine intake (3 mg / kg body weight per day) may serve as a basis for determining safe single doses of caffeine and its daily intake, other components of energy drinks in concentrations typical of such drinks (about 300-320, 4000 and 2400 mg / l of caffeine, taurine and D-glucuronyl-γ-lactone, respectively), and also alcohol at doses up to 0.65 g / kg body weight do not affect the safety of receiving single doses of caffeine (up to 200 mg). Conclusions. The essential requirements governing the safe consumption of energy drinks relate to their labeling. In order to achieve a high level of consumer health protection, to guarantee their rights to obtain reliable information, to enable them to make a conscious choice of safe products for them, energy drink manufacturers should inform consumers about their products and the need to comply with the recommended consumption of these drinks. Key Words: energy drinks, caffeine, safety, risks, marking.

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Profil Plumbum (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) sebagai Kontaminan Dampak Penggunaan Agrokimia serta Remediasi Biji Kedelai Menggunakan Swelling Agent pada Khelasi dengan Asam Sitrat

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.15.1.45-51 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Sapto Priyadi ◽

Purnama Darmaji ◽

Umar Santoso ◽

Pudji Hastuti

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Concentration Factor ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Acceptable Daily Intake ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Swelling Agent ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact

This research were aimed to know the plumbum (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) profile on soybean seeds as contaminants of the impact use of agrochemistry material impact and to know of swelling agent of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) needs at certain level of pH in chelation with citric acid. The results showed that the content of Pb in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.63 ppm, while cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.46 ppm. Cd content in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.05 ppm and the cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.1 ppm. Acceptable daily intake in terms of Pb content in soybean after treatment increases to 2.93 times compared before treatment (11.3379 to 33.2099 g per body weight per day). Acceptable daily intake in terms of the content of the Cd in soybean after treatment increases to 5.26 times compared before treatment. The value of the bio-concentration factor which expressed an accumulation of Pb in soybean seeds on both cultivation is low system (BCF<250), while for Cd is a moderate to high level (1.000<BCF>250). Cd reduction on soybeans seeds for all chelation treatment was maximum (not detected-detection limits was 0.01 ppm), while the highest reduction of Pb occurs at swelling agent N, N-dimethylformamide 15 mL at pH 10.

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The role of triiodothyronine (T3) and T3/free thyroxine (fT4) on glucose metabolism during pregnancy: the Ma’anshan Birth Cohort Study

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-21-0088 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Beibei Zhu ◽

Yan Han ◽

Fen Deng ◽

Kun Huang ◽

Shuangqin Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Prediction Models ◽

First Trimester ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Free Thyroxine ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Goodness Of Fit Test

Objectives: Compared with other thyroid markers, fewer studies explored the associations between triiodothyronine (T3) and T3/free thyroxine (fT4) and glucose abnormality during pregnancy. Thus, we aimed to: (1) examine the associations of T3 and T3/fT4 with glucose metabolism indicators; and (2) evaluate, in the first trimester, the performance of the two markers as predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Methods: Longitudinal data from 2723 individuals, consisting of three repeated measurements of T3 and fT4, from the Man’anshan birth cohort study (MABC), China, were analyzed using a time-specific generalized estimating equation (GEE). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) - area under the curve (AUC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test were used to assess the discrimination and calibration of prediction models. Results: T3 and T3/fT4 presented stable associations with the level of fasting glucose, glucose at 1h/2h across pregnancy. T3 and T3/fT4 in both the first and second trimesters were positively associated with the risk of GDM, with the larger magnitude of association observed in the second trimester (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.50, 95%CI = 1.95, 3.21 for T3; OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.07, 1.12 for T3/fT4). T3 ((AUC) = 0.726, 95%CI = 0.698, 0.754) and T3/fT4 (AUC = 0.724, 95%CI = 0.696, 0.753) in the first trimester could improve the performance of the predicting model; however, the overall performance is not good. Conclusion: Significant and stable associations of T3, T3/fT4 and glucose metabolism indicators were documented. Both T3 and T3/fT4 improve the performance of the GDM predictive model.

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Trends in maternal use of snus and smoking tobacco in pregnancy. A register study in Southern Norway

10.21203/rs.2.11591/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ellen Rygh ◽

Frode Gallefoss ◽

Liv Grøtvedt

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

First Trimester ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Adverse Health Outcomes ◽

Time Period ◽

Moist Snuff ◽

Southern Norway ◽

High Level ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background The use of tobacco products including Swedish snus (moist snuff) in pregnancy may cause adverse health outcomes. While smoking prevalence has decreased among fertile women in Norway, snus use has increased during the last years. We investigated whether these trends were reflected also during pregnancy in a population of women in Southern Norway. Methods Data on smoking tobacco and snus use at three time points before and during pregnancy for 20 844 women were retrieved from the electronic birth record for the years 2012-2017. The results for the three-year period 2015-2017 were compared with a previously studied period 2012-2014. Prevalence and quit rates of tobacco use within groups of age, parity and education were reported. Within the same groups adjusted quit rates were analyzed using logistic regression. Mean birthweight and Apgar score of offspring were calculated for tobacco-users and non-users. Results There was an increase of snus use before pregnancy from the period 2012-2014 to the period 2015-2017 from 5.1% (CI; 4.6 to 5.5) to 8.4% (CI; 7.8 to 8.9). Despite this, the use of snus during pregnancy did not increase from the first to the second period, but stabilized at 2.8% (CI; 2.5 to 3.2) in first trimester and 2.0% (CI; 1.7 to 2.2) in third trimester. Cigarette smoking decreased significantly both before and during pregnancy. Snus use and smoking during pregnancy were associated with a reduction in average birthweight, but no significant effects on Apgar scores. Odds ratios for quitting both snus and smoking tobacco during pregnancy were higher for women aged 25-34 years, for the primiparas and for those with a high level of education. Pregnant women were more likely to have quit tobacco use in the last time period compared to the first. Conclusions While smoking during pregnancy was decreasing, the use of snus remained constant, levelling off to around 3% in first trimester and 2% in third trimester. Approximately 25% of those that used snus, and 40% that smoked before pregnancy, continued use to the third trimester. This calls for a continuous watch on the use of snus and other nicotine products during pregnancy.

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Modified Multiple Marker Aneuploidy Screening as a Primary Screening Test for Preeclampsia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-492997/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tianhua Huang ◽

H. Melanie Bedford ◽

Shamim Rashid ◽

Evasha Rasasakaram ◽

Megan Priston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Early Onset ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

First Trimester ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Aneuploidy Screening ◽

Maternal Characteristics ◽

Screening Performance ◽

Β Hcg

Abstract Background: Maternal biochemical markers used in multiple marker aneuploidy screening have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to assess if a combination of maternal characteristics and biochemical markers in the first and second trimesters can be used to screen for preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension and preterm birth. Methods: This case-control study used information on maternal characteristics and residual blood samples from pregnant women who have undergone multiple marker aneuploidy screening. The median multiple of the median (MoM) of first and second trimester biochemical markers in cases (women with PE, gestational hypertension and preterm birth) and controls were compared. Biochemical markers included pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), placental growth factor (PlGF), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), alpha feto-protein (AFP), unconjugated estriol (uE3) and Inhibin A. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate screening performance using different marker combinations. Screening performance was defined as detection rate (DR) and false positive rate (FPR). Preterm and early-onset preeclampsia PE were defined as women with PE delivered < 37 and < 34 weeks of gestation.Results: There were 147 pregnancies with PE (81 term, 49 preterm and 17 early-onset), 295 with gestational hypertension, and 166 preterm birth. Compared to controls, PE cases had significantly lower median MoM of PAPP-A (0.77 vs 1.10, p<0.0001), PlGF (0.76 vs 1.01, p<0.0001) and free-β hCG (0.81 vs. 0.98, p<0.001) in the first trimester along with PAPP-A (0.82 vs 0.99, p<0.01) and PlGF (0.75 vs 1.02, p<0.0001) in the second trimester. The lowest first trimester PAPP-A, PlGF and free β-hCG were seen in those with preterm and early-onset PE. At a 20% FPR, 67% of preterm and 76% of early-onset PE cases can be predicted using a combination of maternal characteristics with PAPP-A and PlGF in the first trimester.Conclusions: Maternal characteristics with first trimester PAPP-A and PlGF measured for aneuploidy screening provided reasonable accuracy in identifying women at risk of developing early onset PE, allowing triage of high-risk women for further investigation and risk-reducing therapy.

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