scholarly journals Eating Jet Lag: A Marker of the Variability in Meal Timing and Its Association with Body Mass Index

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Zerón-Rugerio ◽  
Álvaro Hernáez ◽  
Armida Porras-Loaiza ◽  
Trinitat Cambras ◽  
Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meal Timing ◽  
The Impact

The timing of food intake has been associated with obesity and adverse metabolic outcomes, independently of the amount or content of food intake and activity level. However, the impact of the variability in the timing of food intake between weekends and weekdays on BMI (body mass index) remains unexplored. To address that, we propose to study a marker of the variability of meal timing on weekends versus weekdays (denominated as ‘eating jet lag’) that could be associated with increments in BMI. This cross-sectional study included 1106 subjects (aged 18–25 years). Linear regression models were used to examine the associations of eating jet lag with BMI and circadian related variables (including chronotype, eating duration, sleep duration, and social jet lag). Subsequently, a hierarchical multivariate regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the association of eating jet lag with BMI was independent of potentially confounding variables (e.g., chronotype and social jet lag). Moreover, restricted cubic splines were calculated to study the shape of the association between eating jet lag and BMI. Our results revealed a positive association between eating jet lag and BMI (p = 0.008), which was independent of the chronotype and social jet lag. Further analysis revealed the threshold of eating jet lag was of 3.5 h or more, from which the BMI could significantly increase. These results provided evidence of the suitability of the eating jet lag, as a marker of the variability in meal timing between weekends and weekdays, for the study of the influence of meal timing on obesity. In a long run, the reduction of the variability between meal timing on weekends versus weekdays could be included as part of food timing guidelines for the prevention of obesity among general population.

Body Mass Index (BMI) correlate with blood glucose level in the state of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 005-012
Author(s):  
Ghazi Daradkeh ◽  
M. Calapano ◽  
H. Acido ◽  
Marwa Rustom ◽  
C. Kajayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnosis Codes ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Development of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is highly corelated to obesity. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the state of Qatar to investigate the association between blood sugar level and body mass index (BMI). Methods: Two-hundred and nineteen adult subjects, undiagnosed with T2DM (defined by ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes and not on anti-diabetic medications) participated in the study. Age ranged from 18-65 with a mean of 42.0 ± 9.8 years (34.0 + 8.6 among females and 44.2 ± 9.6 among males). Blood sugar, weight, height, and BMI were measured during the survey. Individuals with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 were excluded, (Mean BMI =27.4 ±4.71). Blood sugar level of overweight: BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 or Obese: BMI ≥30 kg/m2 compared with normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) to assess the impact of BMI on blood sugar. Results: 219 participants included in this study, a positive association between BMI with blood sugar level and the risk of a T2DM diagnosis was noticed. Conclusions: Blood sugar level and the risk of being diagnosed with T2DM is highly dependent and corelated with BMI. The incremental association of BMI category on the risk of T2DM is stronger for people with a higher BMI relative to people with a lower BMI.

Serum leptin levels and energy expenditure in normal weight women

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Martin ◽  
PJH Jones ◽  
R V Considine ◽  
W Su ◽  
N F Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Humans

To investigate whether circulating leptin levels are associated with energy expenditure in healthy humans, doubly labeled water energy measurements and food intake assessment were carried out in 27 women (mean age, 48.6 years; weight, 61.9 kg; body mass index, 23.2). Energy expenditure was determined over 13 days. Food intake was measured by 7-day food records. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Leptin level was strongly associated with percentage body fat (r = 0.59; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.41; p = 0.03), but no correlation was observed with energy expenditure (r = 0.02; p = 0.93). After controlling for percentage body fat, a positive association of leptin level with energy expenditure of marginal significance (p = 0.06) was observed. There were no significant univariate associations of age, physical activity, lean body mass, height, or dietary variables with leptin level. When controlling for body fat, a significant positive correlation was observed for percent energy from carbohydrate and negative correlations with dietary fat and alcohol intake. These findings confirm previous associations between leptin and body fat content and suggest a relationship between serum leptin and energy expenditure level in healthy humans.Key words: leptin, energy expenditure, body composition, diet.

scholarly journals Maternal overweight and its relation with child’s anthropometric indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Marcela Martins Soares ◽  
Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol ◽  
Andreia Queiroz Ribeiro ◽  
Patrícia Feliciano Pereira ◽  
Sylvia C. C. Franceschini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Maternal Overweight

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the relation between maternal overweight and child’s anthropometric indices, identifying the interaction with the child's age. Methods: a cross-sectional study with mothers and their children under 2 years old. The mothers’ body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio was calculated. In children, we calculated height/age (H/A), body mass index/age (BMI/A), weight/height (W/H) and weight/age (W/A) indices. The means of the anthropometric indices of children with excess weight and maternal cardiometabolic risk were compared. Mothers and children’s anthropometric indices were correlated. Linear regression models were proposed. We investigated the child's age interaction with anthropometric variables of the dyad. Results: the means of BMI/A and W/H were higher in children of overweight mothers and the means of BMI/A, W/H and W/A were higher when mothers had increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. There was an association of maternal weight and height with the W/A index; maternal BMI with W/H; maternal height with H/A; maternal weight, BMI and waist circumference with BMI/A. The children's age did not interact with the assessed parameters. Conclusion: children under 2 years of age, whose mothers are overweight, tend to show changes in weight, regardless of age.

scholarly journals Caffeinated Drinks Intake, Late Chronotype, and Increased Body Mass Index among Medical Students in Chongqing, China: A Multiple Mediation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangchang Zhang ◽  
Yang Xiong ◽  
Jia Dong ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Xiaoman Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: This paper investigates the problems regarding caffeinated drinks intake, late chronotype, and increased body mass index (BMI) among medical students at a Chinese university. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 with 616 medical students from Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing, China, whose information were collected by a self-reported questionnaire that included four sections: Demographic characteristics; Caffeinated drinks intake and physical state; Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to test the impact of late chronotype on increased BMI through caffeinated drinks consumption through two models. Results: The significantly mediated effect of caffeinated drinks consumption was revealed (estimate: −0.01, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.02, −0.01]), and which played a positive role in linking late chronotype (B = −0.01, SE = 0.01, p < 0.001) and increased BMI (B = 1.37, SE = 0.21, p < 0.01), but their significant association did not be found in reversed model. In addition, physical activity and inactivity times demonstrated significant indirect effects in the two models. Conclusions: Interventions should focus on reducing caffeinated drinks intake and sedentary behavior time, enhancing physical activity among medical students.

scholarly journals Body mass index status and peripheral airway obstruction in school-age children: a population-based cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Ekström ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Inger Kull ◽  
Jennifer L P Protudjer ◽  
Per Thunqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundFew large prospective studies have investigated the impact of body mass index (BMI) on lung function during childhood.MethodsUsing data collected between 2002 and 2013, we analysed associations between BMI status and lung function (assessed by spirometry) from 8 to 16 years, as well as cross-sectional associations with small airway function (impulse oscillometry) at 16 years in the BAMSE cohort (n=2889). At 16 years, cross-sectional associations with local and systemic inflammation were investigated by analysing FENO, blood eosinophils and neutrophils.ResultsOverweight and obesity at 8 years were associated with higher FVC, but lower FEV1/FVC ratio at 8 and 16 years. In boys, but not girls, obesity at 8 years was associated with a further reduction in FEV1/FVC between 8 and 16 years. In cross-sectional analyses, overweight and obesity were associated with higher frequency dependence of resistance (R5–20) and larger area under the reactance curve (AX0.5) at 16 years. Increased blood neutrophil counts were seen in overweight and obese girls, but not in boys. No association was found between BMI status and FENO. Persistent, but not transient, overweight/obesity between 8 and 16 years was associated with higher R5–20 and AX0.5 and lower FEV1/FVC (−2.8% (95% CI −4.1 to −1.2) in girls and −2.7% (95% CI −4.4 to −1.1) in boys) at 16 years, compared with persistent normal weight.ConclusionIn childhood and adolescence, overweight and obesity, particularly persistent overweight, were associated with evidence of airway obstruction, including the small airways.

scholarly journals Age and body mass index affect fit of spirometry GLI references in schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Mozun ◽  
Cristina Ardura-Garcia ◽  
Eva S. L. Pedersen ◽  
Jakob Usemann ◽  
Florian Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractBackgroundReferences from the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) are widely used to interpret children’s spirometry results. We assessed fit for healthy schoolchildren.MethodsLuftiBus in the school (LUIS) is a population-based cross-sectional study done from 2013-2016 in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Parents and children aged 6-17 years answered questionnaires about respiratory symptoms and lifestyle. Children underwent spirometry in a mobile lung function lab. We calculated GLI-based z-scores for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 for healthy White participants. We defined appropriate fit to GLI references by mean values ±0.5 z-scores. We assessed if fit varied by age, body mass index, height, and sex using linear regression models.ResultsWe analysed data from 2036 children with valid FEV1 measurements of which 1762 also had valid FVC measurements. The median age was 12.2 years. Fit was appropriate for children aged 6-11 years for all indices. In adolescents aged 12-17 years, fit was appropriate for FEV1/FVC (mean: -0.09; SD: 1.02) z-scores, but not for FEV1 (mean: -0.62; SD: 0.98), FVC (mean: -0.60; SD: 0.98), and FEF25-75 (mean: -0.54; SD: 1.02). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores fitted better in children considered overweight (means: -0.25, -0.13, -0.38) than normal weight (means: -0.55, -0.50, -0.55; p-trend: <0.001, 0.014, <0.001). FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores depended on both age and height (p interaction: 0.034, 0.019, <0.01).ConclusionGLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores do not fit White Swiss adolescents well. This should be considered when using reference equations for clinical decision making, research and international comparison.Take home messageOur study suggests GLI-based FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75 z-scores over detect abnormal lung function in Swiss adolescents, and more so among slimmer adolescents, which has important implications for clinical care, research, and international comparisons.

Abstract P067: Association of Number of Eating Episodes per Day with Blood Pressure: INTERMAP Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghadeer S Aljuraiban ◽  
Queenie Chan ◽  
Ian Brown ◽  
Martha Daviglus ◽  
Jeremiah Stamler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health History ◽  
Special Diet ◽  
Meal Timing ◽  
History Of

Background: Greater meal frequency per day may relate favorably to blood pressure (BP) levels of individuals. Aims: Explore associations of BP with frequency of food intake and meal timing among American participants of the INTERMAP Study. Whether differential nutrient intakes are contributing to observed BP differences is also explored. Methods: The INTERMAP Study is a cross-sectional epidemiologic investigation of 4,680 men and women ages 40–59 years in China, Japan, United Kingdom and United States (US). Data include findings from four 24-hour dietary recalls, two 24-hour urine collections, 8 BP measurements and health history questionnaires. Meals and snacks will be referred to as “eating episodes” (EP), where an eating episode is an intake of energy separated from the previous intake of food by a period of time. Results: Among 2,195 US participants, mean number of EP was 5.8 (SD 1.7) and average energy/EP was 423.0 kcal (SD 160.6) per day. About 57% of participants had less than 6 EP per day and had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP) compared to 43% of participants having 6 or more EP per day (119.3 mmHg, SD 13.9 vs. 117.7 mmHg, SD 13.9 P=0.01). Mean energy/EP, adjusted for sex, age, population sample and body mass index (BMI), was significantly higher among those having less than 6 EP per day then those with 6 or more EP per day (P<0.0001). Association of average number of EP with SBP was consistently negative in linear regression models adjusted for energy, sex, age, BMI, special diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and family history of hypertension (b=−0.04, P=0.04). Conclusions: Smaller more frequent intake of meals/snacks relates favorably to BP levels. Several mechanisms may be involved, e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, with spreading food intake throughout the day.

scholarly journals Social Jet Lag Associates Negatively with the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Body Mass Index among Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerón-Rugerio ◽  
Cambras ◽  
Izquierdo-Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Lower Adherence

Obesity and unhealthy eating habits have been associated with irregular sleep–wake patterns during the week, also known as social jet lag. The Mediterranean diet is a healthy pattern related with a better health and sleep quality. However, potential associations with social jet lag remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine whether higher social jet lag is linked to lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet and whether it is associated with BMI (Body Mass Index). This cross-sectional study included 534 young adults (18–25 years). Anthropometric parameters, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, chronotype and social jet lag were studied. Our results revealed that individuals with greater social jet lag showed lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet and had a higher BMI. Among the habits that characterized the Mediterranean dietary pattern, we observed that higher social jet lag was significantly associated with a lower intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as skipping breakfast. Hence, the promotion of regular sleep habits together with healthy dietary patterns should be considered for obesity prevention, especially among young adults.

Body Mass Index and Association With Caries in School-Aged Children With Orofacial Cleft: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Anna Lena Sundell ◽  
Anna-Karin Nilsson ◽  
Agneta Marcusson ◽  
Carl-Johan Törnhage
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in children with orofacial clefts are sparse. Therefore, studies on the impact of BMI on caries frequency in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are of importance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between BMI and frequency of dental caries in children with and without CL/P. Height, weight, and BMI in children with CL/P were also compared to controls. Design: This study used a cross-sectional case-control design. Participants: One hundred and thirty-nine 5- and 10-year-old children with CL/P and 299 age-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures: Caries was recorded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Height and weight were recorded, and BMI was calculated as weight/height2. Results: There was no correlation between BMI and caries frequency. Weight, height, and BMI were significantly lower in all children with CL/P compared to controls. After adjustment for international adoption, only BMI was significantly lower in CL/P children compared to controls. Non-adopted children with CL/P were significantly heavier and longer than adopted children with CL/P. Conclusions: Five- and 10-year-old children with corrected CL/P seemed to have a lower BMI than controls, but there was no association between BMI and caries frequency. Internationally adopted children with CL/P were lighter and shorter than non-adopted CL/P children and controls.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Indices and Some Aspects of Physical Fitness in Croatian Adolescents by Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Martin Zvonar ◽  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Lovro Štefan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Background. The main purpose of this study was to explore the body-mass index and waist circumference associated with physical fitness by gender. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we included 1036 adolescents (55.4% girls) from eight randomly selected secondary schools within the city of Zagreb (Croatia). Body-mass index and waist circumference were objectively measured. Physical fitness included three tests: (1) 1 min sit-ups, (2) standing long jump and (3) a sit-and-reach test. Associations were calculated using linear regression models. Results. Boys had higher body-mass index and waist circumference values, compared to girls (p < 0.001). They also performed better in 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump tests (p < 0.001), while girls obtained higher values in the sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, body-mass index and waist circumference were associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump. In girls, waist circumference was also associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump, while body-mass index was only associated with this standing long jump. Conclusions. Our study shows that anthropometric indices have non-linear associations with physical fitness tests in a large sample of Croatian adolescents. Screening for thinness and obesity to predict the level of physical fitness should be of a great interest.

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