scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Kinase Associated with Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Obese Midlife Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Rohith N. Thota ◽  
Jessica I. Rosato ◽  
Tracy L. Burrows ◽  
Cintia B. Dias ◽  
Kylie A. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Gsk 3Β ◽  
Midlife Adults ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Targeting kinases linked to insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation may help in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in its early stages. This study aimed to determine whether DHA-rich fish oil supplementation reduces glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3), which is linked to both IR and AD. Baseline and post-intervention plasma samples from 58 adults with abdominal obesity (Age: 51.7 ± 1.7 years, BMI: 31.9 ± 0.8 kg/m2) were analysed for outcome measures. Participants were allocated to 2 g DHA-rich fish oil capsules (860 mg DHA + 120 mg EPA) (n = 31) or placebo capsules (n = 27) per day for 12 weeks. Compared to placebo, DHA-rich fish oil significantly reduced GSK-3β by −2.3 ± 0.3 ng/mL. An inverse correlation (p < 0.05) was found between baseline insulin and IR and their changes following intervention only in participants with C-reactive protein levels higher than 2.4 mg/L. DHA-rich fish oil reduces GSK-3 and IR, suggesting a potential role of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) in ameliorating AD risk.

scholarly journals The Impact of OMEGA-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Content of Adipocytokines and Biologically Active Lipids in Adipose Tissue of High-Fat Diet Fed Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chacińska ◽  
Zabielski ◽  
Książek ◽  
Szałaj ◽  
Jarząbek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

It has been established that OMEGA-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may improve lipid and glucose homeostasis and prevent the “low-grade” state of inflammation in animals. Little is known about the effect of PUFAs on adipocytokines expression and biologically active lipids accumulation under the influence of high-fat diet-induced obesity. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of fish oil supplementation on adipocytokines expression and ceramide (Cer) and diacylglycerols (DAG) content in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue of high-fat fed animals. The experiments were carried out on Wistar rats divided into three groups: standard diet–control (SD), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet + fish oil (HFD+FO). The fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were examined. Expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) protein was determined using the Western blot method. Plasma adipocytokines concentration was measured using ELISA kits and mRNA expression was determined by qRT-PCR reaction. Cer, DAG, and acyl-carnitine (A-CAR) content was analyzed by UHPLC/MS/MS. The fish oil supplementation significantly decreased plasma insulin concentration and Homeostatic Model Assesment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index and reduced content of adipose tissue biologically active lipids in comparison with HFD-fed subjects. The expression of CPT1 protein in HFD+FO in both adipose tissues was elevated, whereas the content of A-CAR was lower in both HFD groups. There was an increase of adiponectin concentration and expression in HFD+FO as compared to HFD group. OMEGA-3 fatty acids supplementation improved insulin sensitivity and decreased content of Cer and DAG in both fat depots. Our results also demonstrate that PUFAs may prevent the development of insulin resistance in response to high-fat feeding and may regulate the expression and secretion of adipocytokines in this animal model.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ENRICHED FISH OIL ON DEXAMETHASONE INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE AND HYPERTENSION IN RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1796-1803
Author(s):  
Rashmi S. Chouthe ◽  
◽  
Santosh D Shelke ◽  
Rahul P. Kshirsagar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation with Curcumin Reduce Circulating Levels of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β and Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Adults with High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohith N Thota ◽  
Jessica I Rosato ◽  
Cintia B Dias ◽  
Tracy L Burrows ◽  
Ralph N Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Islet Amyloid Polypeptide ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Islet Amyloid ◽  
Gsk 3Β ◽  
Circulating Levels

Dietary supplementation with curcumin has been previously reported to have beneficial effects in people with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with curcumin on key peptides implicated in insulin resistance in individuals with high risk of developing T2D. Plasma samples from participants recruited for a randomised controlled trial with curcumin (180 mg/day) for 12 weeks were analysed for circulating glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Outcome measures were determined using ELISA kits. The homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was measured as parameters of glycaemic control. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced circulating GSK-3β (−2.4 ± 0.4 ng/mL vs. −0.3 ± 0.6, p = 0.0068) and IAPP (−2.0 ± 0.7 ng/mL vs. 0.4 ± 0.6, p = 0.0163) levels compared with the placebo group. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced insulin resistance (−0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0.01 ± 0.05, p = 0.0142) compared with placebo group. Dietary supplementation with curcumin reduced circulating levels of IAPP and GSK-3β, thus suggesting a novel mechanism through which curcumin could potentially be used for alleviating insulin resistance related markers for reducing the risk of T2D and AD.

scholarly journals Glycogen synthase kinase 3β mediates high glucose-induced ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1

2010 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanhua Leng ◽  
Wenshuo Zhang ◽  
Yanbin Zheng ◽  
Ziva Liberman ◽  
Christopher J Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3Β ◽  
Proteasome Degradation ◽  
Protein Levels

High glucose (HG) has been shown to induce insulin resistance in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism behind this phenomenon is unknown. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are the key signaling molecules that mediate insulin's intracellular actions. Genetic and biological studies have shown that reductions in IRS1 and/or IRS2 protein levels are associated with insulin resistance. In this study we have shown that proteasome degradation of IRS1, but not of IRS2, is involved in HG-induced insulin resistance in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells as well as in primary hepatocytes. To further investigate the molecular mechanism by which HG induces insulin resistance, we examined various molecular candidates with respect to their involvement in the reduction in IRS1 protein levels. In contrast to the insulin-induced degradation of IRS1, HG-induced degradation of IRS1 did not require IR signaling or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activity. We have identified glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β or GSK3B as listed in the MGI Database) as a kinase required for HG-induced serine332 phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation of IRS1. Overexpression of IRS1 with mutation of serine332 to alanine partially prevents HG-induced IRS1 degradation. Furthermore, overexpression of constitutively active GSK3β was sufficient to induce IRS1 degradation. Our data reveal the molecular mechanism of HG-induced insulin resistance, and support the notion that activation of GSK3β contributes to the induction of insulin resistance via phosphorylation of IRS1, triggering the ubiquitination and degradation of IRS1.

The effect of fish oil supplementation on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a triple-blind, randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ostadrahimi ◽  
Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Shadi Farshbaf-Khalili ◽  
Nayyer Jafarilar-Agdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of fish oil supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in mother and newborn.Methods:This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 150 pregnant women aged 18–35 years from Feburary 2014 to April 2015 in Tabriz, Iran. Participants were assigned to receive either 1000 mg fish oil supplements containing 180 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 120 mg docosahexanoic acid or placebo from week 20 of gestation to birth. The primary outcome measure was birth weight. Gestational duration, preterm labor low birth weight (LBW), length, head circumference, and maternal serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and EPA level at 35–37 weeks were also examined. The statistical analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis.Results:Demographic characteristics were similar in both groups (P>0.05). The mean (SD) birth weight values in the fish oil and placebo groups were 3256 (362) g and 3172 (447) g, respectively (adjusted mean difference (MD)=84.1 g, 95% confidence interval [CI]=−24.8 to 193.2). Five (7.6%) neonates in the placebo versus no case in the fish oil group were born with LBW (P=0.02). The rate of preterm labor was lower in the fish oil group (adjusted OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.16–3.42). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the maternal outcomes (P>0.05) with the exception of the proportion of maternal serum DHA fatty acid at 35–37 weeks (P<0.001).Conclusion:Although low dose fish oil supplementation increased birth weight, its effect was not statistically significant. The frequency of LBW was significantly reduced in the intervention group, but the observed reduction needs to be confirmed in future larger investigations using different doses of omega-3.

Fish oil supplementation inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress and improves insulin resistance: involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1481-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqi Yang ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

ER stress inhibition through AMPK activation may explain the protective effects of fish oil against HFD-induced insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Allergic disease in infants up to 2 years of age in relation to plasma omega-3 fatty acids and maternal fish oil supplementation in pregnancy and lactation

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrin Furuhjelm ◽  
Kristina Warstedt ◽  
Malin Fagerås ◽  
Karin Fälth-Magnusson ◽  
Johanna Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Oral fish oil supplementation raises blood omega-3 levels and lowers C-reactive protein in haemodialysis patients a pilot study

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 3561-3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saifullah ◽  
B. A. Watkins ◽  
C. Saha ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
S. M. Moe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

scholarly journals Altered Wnt signalling in the teenage suicide brain: focus on glycogen synthase kinase-3β and β-catenin

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinguo Ren ◽  
Hooriyah S. Rizavi ◽  
Mansoor A. Khan ◽  
Yogesh Dwivedi ◽  
Ghanshyam N. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Wnt Signalling Pathway ◽  
Gsk 3Β ◽  
Teenage Suicide

Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and β-catenin are important components of the Wnt signalling pathway, which is involved in numerous physiological functions such as cognition, brain development and cell survival. Their abnormalities have been implicated in mood disorders and schizophrenia. Teenage suicide is a major public health concern; however, very little is known about its neurobiology. In order to examine if abnormalities of GSK-3β and β-catenin are associated with teenage suicide, we determined the gene and protein expression of GSK-3β and β-catenin in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus obtained from 24 teenage suicide victims and 24 normal control subjects. Protein expression was determined using Western blot with specific antibodies and gene expression (mRNA levels) was determined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. No significant change was observed in the GSK-3β protein levels either in the PFC or hippocampus of suicide victims compared to controls. However, protein levels of pGSK-3β-ser9 were significantly decreased in the PFC and hippocampus of suicide victims compared to normal controls. We also found that GSK-3β mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the PFC but not in the hippocampus of teenage suicide victims compared to controls. Mean protein and mRNA levels of β-catenin were significantly decreased in both the PFC and hippocampus of teenage suicide group compared to controls. The observation that there is a decrease in β-catenin and pGSK-3β-ser9 in the PFC and hippocampus of teenage suicide victims does indicate a disturbance in the Wnt signalling pathway in teenage suicide.

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