scholarly journals Dietary Patterns, Blood Pressure and the Glycemic and Lipidemic Profile of Two Teenage, European Populations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Maria Kafyra ◽  
Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Maria Spyridoula Kontoe ◽  
Christine Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
P Value ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Populations

The present study sought to retrospectively investigate the dietary habits of two adolescent, European populations from the cross-sectional Greek TEENAGE Study and French STANISLAS Family Study. We aimed to explore the relation between the populations’ dietary patterns and blood pressure, glycemic and lipidemic profile. Dietary patterns were extracted via Principal Component Analysis (PCA), based on data collected from two 24 h dietary recalls for the TEENAGE study and a 3-day food consumption diary for the STANISLAS study. Multiple linear regressions and mixed models analyses, adjusting for confounding factors, were employed to investigate potential associations. A total of 766 Greek teenagers and 287 French teenagers, were included in analyses. Five dietary patterns were extracted for each population accounting for 49.35% and 46.69% of their respective total variance, with similarities regarding the consumption of specific food groups (i.e., western-type foods). In the TEENAGE Study, the “chicken and sugars” pattern was associated with lower CRP levels, after adjusting for confounding factors (p-value < 0.01). The “high protein and animal fat” dietary pattern of the STANISLAS Family Study was related to higher BMI (p-value < 0.01) and higher triglycerides levels (p-value < 0.01). Our findings summarize the dietary habits of two teenage, European populations and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2536
Author(s):  
Julio Plaza-Díaz ◽  
Esther Molina-Montes ◽  
María José Soto-Méndez ◽  
Casandra Madrigal ◽  
Ángela Hernández-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Food Groups

Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population.

scholarly journals Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Sleep-Related Impairment in a Cohort of Community Physicians: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 155982761987192
Author(s):  
Maryam S. Hamidi ◽  
Tait D. Shanafelt ◽  
Andrea Hausel ◽  
Bryan D. Bohman ◽  
Rachel Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

There is increasing evidence that diet can mitigate fatigue. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between dietary habits and sleep-related impairment (SRI) in a cohort of community physicians. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 245 physicians who had completed a wellness survey in March 2016 (98% response rate). Three dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis: plant based, high protein, and high saturated fat and sugar. In the adjusted analysis, every SD increase in the plant-based dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.71-point decrease ( β = −0.72; SE = 0.32; P = .027; 95% CI = −1.35 to −0.08) in the SRI score, and every SD increase in the high saturated fat and sugar dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.77-point increase ( β = 0.77; SE = 0.32; P = .015; 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.39) in the SRI score. There were no associations between high protein diets and SRI scores. Physicians adhering to diets that are high in plant-based foods and low in saturated fat and added sugars had less SRI. Physicians currently face significant barriers to maintaining a healthy diet. This study highlights the potential role of workplace nutrition on SRI and work performance of physicians.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Grieger ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Lynne Cobiac
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

The association between lunch composition and obesity in Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Zahra Akbarzade ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
Nasim Saeidifard ◽  
Shabnam Aliakbari Majd ◽  
Nazila Garousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

Abstract We aimed to assess the dietary composition of lunch meal using a posteriori derived dietary patterns and to determine the association of lunch composition with obesity in a sample of Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women in Tehran (aged 20-59 y). Dietary intakes were assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were identified via principal component factor analysis. For each identified pattern, scores were calculated for each participant and then classified into tertiles. Central obesity was defined WHO criteria. General obesity was defined as a body mass index of more than 30 kg/m2. Three major dietary patterns were identified at lunch meal using 12 food groups: “Bread, grains and fat”, “Western”, and “Potato and eggs”. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants at the top tertile of the “Bread, grains and fat” dietary pattern had greater odds for a higher waist to hip ratio, compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.07). However, we found no association between ‘Western or ‘“potato and eggs” patterns and waist to hip ratio (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.28 and OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.42, respectively). None of the identified dietary patterns was associated when defining obesity with waist circumference or body mass index. In conclusion, participants had a greater chance of central obesity defined based on waist to hip ratio following a lunchtime pattern with a higher and positive loading factor for “Bread, grains and fat”.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bodega ◽  
Juan Fernández-Alvira ◽  
Gloria Santos-Beneit ◽  
Amaya de Cos-Gandoy ◽  
Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Large Sample

Previous studies on the association between dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in adolescents have generated conflicting results. The aim of this study was to describe dietary patterns (DP) in a large sample of Spanish adolescents and to assess their cross-sectional relationship with CVRF. In total, 1324 adolescents aged 12.5 ± 0.4 years (51.6% boys) from 24 secondary schools completed a self-reported food frequency questionnaire. DPs were derived by cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose levels were assessed. Linear mixed models were applied to estimate the association between DPs and CVRF. Three DP-related clusters were obtained: Processed (29.2%); Traditional (39.1%); and Healthy (31.7%). Analogous patterns were obtained in the PCA. No overall differences in CVRF were observed between clusters except for z-BMI and z-FMI values, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol, with the Processed cluster showing the lowest mean values. However, differences were small. In conclusion, the overall association between DPs, as assessed by two different methods, and most analyzed CVRF was weak and not clinically relevant in a large sample of adolescents. Prospective analysis may help to disentangle the direction of these associations.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and cognitive function risk in the elderly in a county of Guangxi: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyu Gou ◽  
You Li ◽  
Weiyi Pang ◽  
Chunbao Mo ◽  
Jiansheng Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: To explore the effects of changes in dietary patterns on the cognitive functions of elderly people aged 60 and above in Gongcheng County. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study the health status of the elderly population in Gongcheng County, Guangxi. A quantitative food frequency table was used in obtaining information about eating habits, and the Chinese version of the Simple Mental State Examination Scale was used in obtaining the cognitive function score. Three main dietary patterns were obtained through factor analysis, and the significance of the main dietary structure and cognitive function was analyzed through logistic regression. Results: This study covered 1246 elderly patients, of which 221 had cognitive impairments, accounting for 17.7%. Three dietary patterns were extracted. The cereal and potato dietary model and oil tea-type dietary model had no protective effects on cognitive function (P > 0.05), whereas the vegetable and fruit-based diet pattern exerted a protective effect on cognition before and after the adjustment of potential confounding factors. This protective effect alleviated decline in cognitive function (before adjustment for confounding factors: odds ratio [OR] = 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34–3.15; P < 0.05; after adjustment, OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.34–3.33, and P < 0.05). Conclusion: Traditional dietary patterns: (grain and potato dietary models and oil-tea-type dietary patterns) cannot alleviate cognitive decline. This study suggests that a specific structure of dietary habits (vegetable and fruit-based dietary patterns) can protect the elderly against cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and cognitive function risk in the elderly in a county of Guangxi: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyu Gou ◽  
You Li ◽  
Weiyi Pang ◽  
Chunbao Mo ◽  
Jiansheng Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: To explore the effects of changes in dietary patterns on the cognitive functions of elderly people aged 60 and above in Gongcheng County. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study the health status of the elderly population in Gongcheng County, Guangxi. A quantitative food frequency table was used in obtaining information about eating habits, and the Chinese version of the Simple Mental State Examination Scale was used in obtaining the cognitive function score. Three main dietary patterns were obtained through factor analysis, and the significance of the main dietary structure and cognitive function was analyzed through logistic regression. Results: This study covered 1246 elderly patients, of which 221 had cognitive impairments, accounting for 17.7%. Three dietary patterns were extracted. The cereal and potato dietary model and oil tea-type dietary model had no protective effects on cognitive function (P > 0.05), whereas the vegetable and fruit-based diet pattern exerted a protective effect on cognition before and after the adjustment of potential confounding factors. This protective effect alleviated decline in cognitive function (before adjustment for confounding factors: odds ratio [OR] = 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34–3.15; P < 0.05; after adjustment, OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.34–3.33, and P < 0.05). Conclusion: Traditional dietary patterns: (grain and potato dietary models and oil-tea-type dietary patterns) cannot alleviate cognitive decline. This study suggests that a specific structure of dietary habits (vegetable and fruit-based dietary patterns) can protect the elderly against cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Dietary pattern and its’ association with anemia among infants aged 6-23 months in central-south China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Huang ◽  
Ai-bing Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
South China ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Traditional Pattern ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Central South

Abstract Background: Anemia is widely prevalent among children, and this study aim to understand dietary patterns and its’ association with anemia. Methods: A cross-sectional design in two waves were conducted at Mayang in 2015 and in 2018. The diet data was collected by questionnaire, and dietary patterns were designed by using principal component analysis. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured to assess the status of anemia. The association between the dietary patterns and anemia was assessed using the logistic regression model. Results: Four dietary patterns were identified among infants aged 6-23 months in central-south China. Diversified pattern:mainly tubers, dairy products, bean and bean products; traditional pattern: cereals, water and soup, and other vegetables and fruits; breast milk pattern: mainly breast milk but less powered formulas; and multi-nutrient powders pattern: mainly multi-nutrient powders. The prevalence of anemia among infant reduced from 29.49% in 2015 to 20.26% in 2018. The top quartile (Q4) of diversified pattern and multi-nutrient powders pattern deminished the risk of anemia by 45% (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.99, P = 0.047) and 59% (OR = 0.41,95% CI: 0.22 to 0.78, P = 0.006) compared to the lowest quartile (Q1), while the breast milk pattern had a 3.26-fold greater risk of anemia than the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 3.26,95%CI:1.83 to 5.81, P <0.001). Conclusions: Four dietary patterns were identified among infants aged 6-23 months in central-south China. The pattern with a variety of food groups should be strengthened to improve anemia among infants.

scholarly journals Hypertension among School going Urban and Rural Adolescents: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Pradhan B. ◽  
Yadav A. ◽  
Yadav K. ◽  
Sankhla M. ◽  
Raj D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
P Value ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Physical Comfort ◽  
Rural Adolescent

Background: In the modern society, technology has contributed to create physical comfort in the life and simultaneously, there is alteration in dietary habits of youngsters. This has affected adolescent’s health significantly, leading to hypertension in both urban and rural adolescent population. Objectives: Present study aimed to access and compares the prevalence of hypertension among urban and rural adolescent. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional comparative study conducted on 300 healthy age matched adolescents, 10- 19 years of age from each of rural and urban school of Jaipur (Rajasthan). After Institutional Ethical Committee and school administration approval, a predesigned proforma was filled having socio-demographic details, personal and family history. An average blood pressure was calculated by measuring 3 recordings with 5 minutes break through sphygmomanometer. The blood pressure was classified on percentile bases into prehypertension and hypertension. The data inferred by chisquare and ‘p-value’ less than 0.05 considered as significant. Result: The prevalence of hypertension among urban and rural adolescent of Jaipur was 7.6% and 7%, while prehypertension was 32% and 28%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was high for systolic than diastolic blood pressure and more in late adolescent than early adolescent age group which was found significant only for systolic hypertension (p=0.003). Conclusion: High prevalence of adolescent’s hypertension is an important risk factor for future consequences of cardiovascular disease suggesting that there should be change in lifestyle. The early detection and management of it can prevent any future disability and mortality.

Breastfeeding duration is associated with offspring’s adherence to prudent dietary pattern in adulthood: results from the Nutritionist’s Health Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana Eshriqui ◽  
Luciana Dias Folchetti ◽  
Angélica Marques Martins Valente ◽  
Bianca de Almeida-Pititto ◽  
Sandra Roberta G. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
High Adherence

AbstractLittle is known about the long-term effect of breastfeeding on dietary habits. We examined the association between breastfeeding duration and adherence to current dietary patterns of young women. This was a cross-sectional analysis of 587 healthy women aged ≤45 years, undergraduates or nutrition graduates. Maternal characteristics and breastfeeding duration [<6; 6–<12; ≥12 months (reference)] were recalled. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and patterns were identified using factor analysis by principal component. Adherence to patterns was categorized in tertiles; the first (T1 = reference) was compared to T2 + T3 (moderate-to-high adherence). Logistic regression was performed considering the minimal sufficient adjustment recommended by the directed acyclic graph. Median age was 22 (interquartile range (IQR) 20; 27) years and body mass index (BMI) 22.2 (IQR 20.4; 25.0) kg/m2. The four dietary patterns identified (Processed, Prudent, Brazilian and Lacto-vegetarian) explained 27% of diet variance. Women breastfed for <6 months showed lower chance of moderate-to-high adherence to the Prudent pattern (odds ratio (OR) = 0.53, p = 0.04). Breastfeeding was not associated with the other patterns. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was directly associated with moderate-to-high adherence to the Processed pattern (OR = 2.01, p = 0.03) and inversely to the Prudent pattern (OR = 0.52, p = 0.02). Higher adherence to the Brazilian pattern was associated with proxies of low socioeconomic status and the Lacto-vegetarian pattern with the opposite. Confirmation in prospective studies of the association found in this study between breastfeeding with the Prudent pattern in adult offspring could suggest that early feeding practices influence long-term dietary habits, which could then affect the risk of nutrition-related diseases.

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