scholarly journals Pre-Gestational Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Risk of Gestational Diabetes in a Mediterranean Cohort. The SUN Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2202
Author(s):  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Winston Craig ◽  
Ujué Fresán ◽  
Clara Gómez-Donoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spanish Women ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pooled Sample ◽  
Sun Project

We aimed to investigate the relationship between the pre-gestational consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM). We carried out a prospective study among 3730 Spanish women of the SUN cohort who reported at least one pregnancy after baseline recruitment. Cases of GDM were identified among women with a confirmed diagnosis of GDM. UPF consumption was assessed through a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the frequency of UPF consumption was categorized in tertiles. We identified 186 cases of GDM. In the pooled sample, we did not observe a significant association of UPF with the risk of GDM. When we stratified by age, the multivariate OR for the third tertile of UPF consumption compared with the lowest one was 2.05 (95% CI 1.03, 4.07) in women aged ≥30 years at baseline (Ptrend = 0.041). The association remained significant in a sensitivity analysis after changing many of our assumptions and adjusting for additional confounders. No association between a higher UPF consumption and GDM risk was observed in women aged 18–29 years. The pre-gestational UPF consumption may be a risk factor for GDM, especially in women aged 30 years or more. Confirmatory studies are needed to validate these findings.

Soft drink consumption and gestational diabetes risk in the SUN project

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 638-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Donazar-Ezcurra ◽  
Cristina Lopez-del Burgo ◽  
Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez ◽  
Francisco J. Basterra-Gortari ◽  
Jokin de Irala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Sun Project

scholarly journals Associations Between an Overall, Healthful and Unhealthful Low-Fat Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 259-259
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Aguilera Buenosvinos ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martinez-Gonzalez ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Iztiar Zazpe ◽  
Cesar Ignacio Fernández Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Sun Project

Abstract Objectives Dietary patterns may have a greater influence on human health than individual foods or nutrients and they are also being widely studied in the field of breast cancer prevention. Beyond the adequate balance of macronutrients, evidence shows that the quality of fat sources may play an important role in health outcomes. Our aim was to assess the relationship between healthful and less healthful low-fat dietary patterns in relation to breast cancer in a Mediterranean cohort (the SUN project). Methods The SUN Project is a Mediterranean dynamic prospective follow-up cohort study assessing participants every 2 years. We evaluated 10,930 middle-aged women initially free of breast cancer during a median of follow-up of 12.1 years. Dietary variables were evaluated through a previously validated 136-item FFQ. We calculated an overall, an unhealthful, and a healthful low-fat-diet score (rang: 0–30 points) based on the percentage of energy from total and subtypes of carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Participants were then categorized into tertiles.  Incident breast cancer was de primary outcome. We fitted Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders to investigate the relationship between baseline categories of low-fat-diet scores and the incidence of breast cancer- overall and stratified by menopausal status-. Results During 123,297 person-years of follow-up, 119 cases of incident breast cancer were confirmed. Among postmenopausal women, a significant direct association with postmenopausal breast cancer (comparing tertile 2 vs. tertile 1, HR = 2.60; 95% CI 1.24–5.45, P value = 0.012) was found.  None of the other associations was statistically significant. Conclusions In this Mediterranean prospective cohort study, a moderate adherence to an unhealthy low-fat-diet-score might increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. These results must be further confirmed in future studies. Funding Sources The SUN project received funding from the Spanish Government-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the European Regional Development Fund, the Navarra Regional Government and the University of Navarra.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Differences According to Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in a Spanish Population

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2710
Author(s):  
Amanda Cuevas-Sierra ◽  
Fermín I. Milagro ◽  
Paula Aranaz ◽  
Jose Alfredo Martínez ◽  
José I. Riezu-Boj
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption could affect gut microbiota diversity and profile. We aimed to evaluate the effects of UPFs on microbiota, considering the role of sex. The consumption of UPFs (using NOVA criteria) was assessed with a validated 137-item food-frequency questionnaire. Participants (n = 359) were classified into less than three servings per day (n = 96) of UPFs and more than five (n = 90). Women and men were subclassified following the same criteria. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed from DNA fecal samples, and differences in microbiota were analyzed using EdgeR. The relationship between UPFs and bacteria was assessed by Spearman correlation and comparison of tertiles of consumption. Women who consumed more than five servings/day of UPFs presented an increase in Acidaminococcus, Butyrivibrio, Gemmiger, Shigella, Anaerofilum, Parabacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterobacteriales, Bifidobacteriales and Actinobacteria and a decrease in Melainabacter and Lachnospira. Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacteriales and Actinobacteria was positively associated with pizza and Actinobacteria with industrially processed dairy in women. Men who consumed more than five servings/day presented an increase of Granulicatella, Blautia, Carnobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Bacteroidia and Bacteroidetes and a decrease of Anaerostipes and Clostridiaceae. Bacteroidia and Bacteroidetes correlated positively with industrially processed meat. This study suggests that UPFs may affect microbiota composition differently in women and men.

scholarly journals Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Depression in a Middle-Aged Cohort: The SUN Project

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Navarro ◽  
Daria Abasheva ◽  
Miguel Martínez-González ◽  
Liz Ruiz-Estigarribia ◽  
Nerea Martín-Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Linear Dose ◽  
The World ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sun Project ◽  
New Onset

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed drinks around the world, while depression is considered the major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. However, the investigation on coffee consumption and depression is limited and results may be confounded by the overall dietary pattern. We assessed the relationship between coffee intake and the risk of depression, controlling for adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We studied 14,413 university graduates of the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) cohort, initially free of depression. We evaluated coffee consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident depression cases were adjudicated only if the participant met two criteria simultaneously: (a) validated physician-diagnosed depression together with (b) new onset of habitual antidepressant use. Both criteria were needed; participants meeting only one of them were not classified as cases. Participants who drank at least four cups of coffee per day showed a significantly lower risk of depression than participants who drank less than one cup of coffee per day (HR: 0.37 (95% CI 0.15–0.95)). However, overall, we did not observe an inverse linear dose–response association between coffee consumption and the incidence of depression (p for trend = 0.22).

scholarly journals Fast Food Consumption and Gestational Diabetes Incidence in the SUN Project

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e106627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia J. Dominguez ◽  
Miguel A. Martínez-González ◽  
Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Mario Barbagallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
Sun Project

Association between pre-pregnancy consumption of meat, iron intake, and the risk of gestational diabetes: the SUN project

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Marí-Sanchis ◽  
Ginette Díaz-Jurado ◽  
F. Javier Basterra-Gortari ◽  
Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga ◽  
Miguel A. Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Sun Project

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and type-2 diabetes risk in the sun project: a prospective cohort study”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Llavero-Valero ◽  
Javier Escalada San Martín ◽  
Miguel A. Martínez-González ◽  
Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari ◽  
Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Sun Project

Use of a simple intraoperative hydrostatic pressure test to assess the relationship between mobility of the ventricular stoma and success of third ventriculostomy

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-853
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Hamdy Kamel ◽  
Michael Kelleher ◽  
Kristian Aquilina ◽  
Chris Lim ◽  
John Caird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
External Auditory Meatus ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ventricular Reservoir

Object Neuroendoscopists often note pulsatility or flabbiness of the floor of the third ventricle during endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and believe that either is a good indication of the procedure's success. Note, however, that this belief has never been objectively measured or proven in a prospective study. The authors report on a simple test—the hydrostatic test—to assess the mobility of the floor of the third ventricle and confirm adequate ventricular flow. They also analyzed the relationship between a mobile floor (a positive hydrostatic test) and prospective success of ETV. Methods During a period of 3 years between July 2001 and July 2004, 30 ETVs for obstructive hydrocephalus were performed in 22 male and eight female patients. Once the stoma had been created, the irrigating Ringer lactate solution was set at a 30-cm height from the external auditory meatus, and the irrigation valve was opened while the other ports on the endoscope were closed. The ventricular floor ballooned downward and stabilized. The irrigation valve was then closed and ports of the endoscope were opened. The magnitude of the upward displacement of the floor was then assessed. Funneling of the stoma was deemed to be a good indicator of floor mobility, adequate flow, and a positive hydrostatic test. All endoscopic procedures were recorded using digital video and recordings were subsequently assessed separately by two blinded experienced neuroendoscopists. Patients underwent prospective clinical follow up during a mean period of 11.2 months (range 1 month–3 years), computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging studies of the brain, and measurements of cerebrospinal fluid pressure through a ventricular reservoir when present. Failure of ETV was defined as the subsequent need for shunt implantation. The overall success rate of the ETV was 70% and varied from 86.9% in patients with a mobile stoma and a positive hydrostatic test to only 14.2% in patients with a poorly mobile floor and a negative test (p < 0.05). The positive predictive value of the hydrostatic test was 86.9%, negative predictive value 85.7%, sensitivity 95.2%, and specificity 66.6%. Conclusions The authors concluded that the hydrostatic test is an easy, brief test. A positive test result confirms a mobile ventricular floor and adequate flow through the created ventriculostomy. Mobility of the stoma is an important predictor of ETV success provided that there is no obstruction at the level of the arachnoid granulations or venous outflow. A thin, redundant, mobile third ventricle floor indicates a longstanding pressure differential between the third ventricle and the basal cisterns, which is a crucial factor for ETV success. A positive hydrostatic test may avert the need to insert a ventricular reservoir, thus avoiding associated risks of infection.

scholarly journals Healthy Lifestyle Score and Incidence of Glaucoma: the Sun Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Moreno-Montañés ◽  
Alejandro Fernández-Montero ◽  
Elsa Gándara ◽  
Itziar Gutierrez-Ruiz ◽  
Laura Moreno-Galarraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Low Body Mass Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sun Project

Abstract The relationship between healthy lifestyles, diet, and glaucoma remains controversial. In this study, we analyse the effect of Mediterranean Lifestyle (ML) on glaucoma incidence in the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) cohort. Participants (n=18 420) initially free of glaucoma were followed for a mean of 10.8 years. The SUN Healthy Lifestyle Score (SHLS) ranging from 0 to 10 points included 10 healthy habits: never having smoked, moderate to high physical activity (>20 MET-hour/week), Mediterranean diet (≥4/8 adherence points), moderate alcohol consumption (women, 0.1-5.0 g/d; men, 0.1-10.0 g/d), low television exposure (<2 h/day), no binge drinking (≤5 alcoholic drinks at any time), a short afternoon nap (<30 min/day), meeting up with friends (> 1 h/day), working at least 40 h/week and low body mass index (BMI≤22). Information is collected biennially through self-reported questionnaires. The relationship between new cases of glaucoma and the SHLS was assessed by logistic regression using a hazard ratio. Crude, multi-adjusted and sensitivity analysis were performed. During follow-up, we observed 261 (1.42%) new cases of glaucoma. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the healthiest category of SHLS (7-10 points) showed a significantly reduced risk of glaucoma compared to those in the lowest SHLS category (0-3 points) (adjusted HR=0.51, 95% CI=0.28-0.93). For each point added to the SHLS the risk of glaucoma relatively dropped by 5%. In conclusion, higher adherence to a ML, measured by the SHLS, was significantly associated with lower risk of developing glaucoma. The ML is a protective factor for glaucoma incidence.

scholarly journals Relationship between minimally and ultra-processed food intake during pregnancy with obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Saes Sartorelli ◽  
Lívia Castro Crivellenti ◽  
Daniela Cristina Candelas Zuccolotto ◽  
Laércio Joel Franco
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food intake (considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing) during pregnancy and overweight, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 785 adult women in singleton pregnancies (between 24th and 39th weeks of gestation) in Brazil. Usual food intake was estimated by the Multiple Source Method, using two 24-hour dietary recalls. The food groups of interest in this study were the unprocessed or minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods. The World Health Organization criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and the Atalah criteria for excess weight were used. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between energy contribution (%E) from foods with overweight and obesity conditions and, adjusted logistic regression models for gestational diabetes mellitus. In total, 32.1% participants were overweight, 24.6% were obese, and 17.7% of women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus . After adjustments, an inverse association between the highest tertile of %E from the intake of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and obesity was found [0.49 (0.30-0.79)]. Moreover, a positive association between the highest tertile of %E from ultra-processed food intake [3.06 (1.27-3.37)] and obesity was observed. No association between food intake (considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing) during pregnancy and overweight or gestational diabetes mellitus was found. The findings suggest a role of food processing in obesity but not in gestational diabetes mellitus. Further research is warranted to provide robust evidence on the relationship between the role of processed foods in obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus.

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