Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Depression in a Middle-Aged Cohort: The SUN Project

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed drinks around the world, while depression is considered the major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. However, the investigation on coffee consumption and depression is limited and results may be confounded by the overall dietary pattern. We assessed the relationship between coffee intake and the risk of depression, controlling for adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We studied 14,413 university graduates of the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) cohort, initially free of depression. We evaluated coffee consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident depression cases were adjudicated only if the participant met two criteria simultaneously: (a) validated physician-diagnosed depression together with (b) new onset of habitual antidepressant use. Both criteria were needed; participants meeting only one of them were not classified as cases. Participants who drank at least four cups of coffee per day showed a significantly lower risk of depression than participants who drank less than one cup of coffee per day (HR: 0.37 (95% CI 0.15–0.95)). However, overall, we did not observe an inverse linear dose–response association between coffee consumption and the incidence of depression (p for trend = 0.22).

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Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Obesity in Korean Women

10.20944/preprints201709.0165.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jeonghee Lee ◽

Hye Young Kim ◽

Jeongseon Kim

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Korean Women ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Multivariate Adjustment ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between coffee consumption and obesity in Korean women. We included 5,995 women who participated in a health screening examination at the Korean National Cancer Center between 2007 and 2016. Daily coffee consumption was evaluated using the food frequency questionnaire. Obesity was assessed by body mass index (BMI), and abdominal obesity was assessed by waist circumference (WC). A multiple logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of obesity according to coffee consumption. After multivariate adjustment, high coffee consumption was positively associated with obesity measured by BMI (≥ 3 cups vs. no drinks, OR = 2.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.91-3.34; P for the trend < 0.001) and abdominal obesity measured by WC (≥ 3 cups vs. no drinks, OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.59-2.79; P for the trend < 0.001). The positive association between daily coffee consumption and obesity prevalence was not altered by menopause. The amount of coffee consumed per day by Korean women was positively correlated with the prevalence of obesity, but the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains to be elucidated.

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Low consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of chronic disease: a review of the epidemiological evidence and temporal trends among Spanish graduates

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011002564 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (12A) ◽

pp. 2309-2315 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Miguel Á Martínez-González ◽

Carmen de la Fuente-Arrillaga ◽

Cristina López-del-Burgo ◽

Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz ◽

Silvia Benito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

University Graduates ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sun Project

AbstractObjectiveTo review the evidence on the association between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and risk of chronic disease, and to assess trends in the prevalence of low F&V consumption.DesignSystematic review and cross-sectional analyses of a Mediterranean cohort.SettingThe Seguimiento University of Navarra (SUN) project (Spanish dynamic cohort of graduates).SubjectsA systematic review of prospective studies aimed to assess the relationship between fruit and/or vegetables consumption and chronic disease incidence was conducted. We also assessed 18 457 university graduates (59·4 % women; mean age = 39 (sd12) years) enrolled in a dynamic cohort with permanently open recruitment. Baseline data were collected between 1999 and 2010 using a validated 136-item FFQ. Four definitions for low F&V consumption were used (<400 g/d, <200 g/4184 kJ (1000 kcal) per d, ≤2 servings/d and ≤1 serving/d). Multivariate-adjusted cross-sectional associations between the prevalence of low F&V consumption and the year of recruitment were estimated.ResultsThe systematic review found that a high F&V consumption is inversely associated with CVD incidence and mortality. This association is not so clear for cancer. Inconsistent findings have been reported for diabetes. In all, 13 % of participants in the SUN cohort did not meet the goal of consuming at least 400 g/d of F&V and 2·1 % of them did not reach >1 serving/d. Between 1999 and 2010 the consumption of F&V significantly increased.ConclusionsEven among health-conscious university graduates, low F&V consumption is fairly prevalent. Although the temporal trends suggest an improvement, preventive strategies addressed to increase F&V consumption are needed.

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Pre-Gestational Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Risk of Gestational Diabetes in a Mediterranean Cohort. The SUN Project

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2202

Author(s):

Alessandro Leone ◽

Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽

Winston Craig ◽

Ujué Fresán ◽

Clara Gómez-Donoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Processed Foods ◽

The Sun ◽

Food Frequency ◽

The Third ◽

Spanish Women ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

The Relationship ◽

Pooled Sample ◽

Sun Project

We aimed to investigate the relationship between the pre-gestational consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM). We carried out a prospective study among 3730 Spanish women of the SUN cohort who reported at least one pregnancy after baseline recruitment. Cases of GDM were identified among women with a confirmed diagnosis of GDM. UPF consumption was assessed through a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the frequency of UPF consumption was categorized in tertiles. We identified 186 cases of GDM. In the pooled sample, we did not observe a significant association of UPF with the risk of GDM. When we stratified by age, the multivariate OR for the third tertile of UPF consumption compared with the lowest one was 2.05 (95% CI 1.03, 4.07) in women aged ≥30 years at baseline (Ptrend = 0.041). The association remained significant in a sensitivity analysis after changing many of our assumptions and adjusting for additional confounders. No association between a higher UPF consumption and GDM risk was observed in women aged 18–29 years. The pre-gestational UPF consumption may be a risk factor for GDM, especially in women aged 30 years or more. Confirmatory studies are needed to validate these findings.

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HUBUNGAN JENIS MAKANAN DAN TEKANAN DARAH WANITA DEWASA HIPERTENSI

Nutrix Journal ◽

10.37771/nj.vol3.iss2.403 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Rolly Kristiani Batmaro ◽

Florida Hondo ◽

Evelin Malinti

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Adult Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Frequency ◽

The World ◽

Meal Time ◽

The Relationship

Hypertension is still a burden on health throughout the world. West Java is the second province with the highest number of people with hypertension in Indonesia. Food intake factors have an influence on blood pressure of hypertension patients. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between type of food and blood pressure in hypertensive adult women. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional approach with a descriptive correlation method. Participants who participated were 115 hypertensive adult women in the working area of the Parongpong CHC. The instrument utilized in this study was the semi-quantitative food frequency and the aneroid spigmomanometer. There was no significant relationship between the types of foods that prevent hypertension to systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p> 0.05). There was a significant relationship between the types of foods that trigger hypertension and systolic blood (p <0.05). There was no significant relationship between the types of foods that trigger hypertension and diastolic blood pressure (p> 0.05). Future study can evaluate the portion and meal time of respondents. Keywords: Hypertension; Blood Pressure; Nutrition; Types of Food. Abstrak Hipertensi hingga saat ini masih menjadi beban kesehatan di seluruh. Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi kedua dengan jumlah penderita hipertensi tertinggi di Indonesia. Faktor asupan makanan memiliki pengaruh terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan jenis makanan dan tekanan darah wanita dewasa hipertensi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan metode deskriptif korelasi. Responden yang berpartisipasi adalah 115 wanita dewasa hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Parongpong. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner semiquantitative food frequency dan tensimeter aneroid. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis makanan pencegah hipertensi dan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik (p > 0.05). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis makanan pemicu hipertensi dan tekanan darah sistolik (p < 0.05). Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis makanan pemicu hipertensi dan tekanan darah diastolik p > 0.05). Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat mengevaluasi porsi dan jadwal makan respoden. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi; Jenis Makanan; Nutrisi; Tekanan Darah

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Paradoks Konsumsi Kopi Terhadap Risiko Kejadian Stroke: Sebuah Kajian Sistematis

SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal ◽

10.32734/scripta.v3i1.4409 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 51-60

Author(s):

Andi Muh. Aunul Khaliq Gunawan ◽

Indah Nurul Khairunnisa ◽

Muthia Kintan Fais

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The World ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Background: Coffee is one of the drinks most often consumed throughout the world and is the second most popular beverage in the world after water. At present, the effect of coffee consumption on the human body is increasingly being studied, especially on the cardiovascular system. Many studies say that coffee consumption can prevent stroke, either directly or indirectly against stroke risk factors by a variety of mechanisms caused by the compounds contained in coffee. However, to date various prospective studies looking at the relationship between coffee consumption and stroke risk are still inconsistent. Objectives: To determine the relationship of coffee consumption with the risk of stroke. Methods: We searched on MEDLINE and PubMed, using the keywords “coffee” or “caffeine” and "stroke or cardiovascular events" which follows the flow and search rules of the Reporting Item Options for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) to find studies with cohort design in the last 10 years starting in 2009-2019. Discussion: Among 226 citations identified in this systematic review, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies provided evidence that coffee consumption habits were not associated with an increased risk of stroke, while 6 other studies explaining that more coffee consumption has protective benefits against the risk of stroke. Conclusion: Coffee consumption shows a preventive effect on stroke risk. Keywords: caffeine, coffee, relative risk, stroke risk Latar Belakang: Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman yang paling sering dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia dan menjadi minuman populer kedua di dunia setelah air. Saat ini, pengaruh konsumsi kopi untuk tubuh manusia semakin banyak diteliti, khususnya terhadap sistem kardiovaskular. Banyak penelitian mengatakan bahwa konsumsi kopi dapat mencegah timbulnya penyakit stroke, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung terhadap faktor risiko stroke dengan beragam mekanisme yang ditimbulkan oleh senyawa yang terkandung dalam kopi. Namun, hingga saat ini beragam studi prospektif yang mengamati hubungan antara konsumsi kopi dan risiko stroke masih belum konsisten. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi kopi dengan risiko terjadinya stroke. Metode: Pencarian dilakukan pada MEDLINE dan PubMed dengan menggunakan kata kunci “coffee or caffeine” and “stroke or cardiovascular events”. yang mengikuti alur dan kaidah pencarian Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk mencari studi dengan desain cohort dalam rentang waktu 10 tahun terakhir mulai tahun 2009-2019. Pembahasan: Dari 226 sitasi yang teridentifikasi pada systematic review, hanya 10 studi yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Empat penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa kebiasaan mengonsumsi kopi tidak dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko stroke, sedangkan 6 penelitian lainnya, menjelaskan bahwa konsumsi kopi yang lebih banyak memiliki manfaat perlindungan terhadap risiko kejadian stroke. Kesimpulan: Konsumsi kopi menunjukkan efek pencegahan terhadap risiko stroke. Kata Kunci: kafein, kopi, risiko relatif, risiko stroke

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The Interaction between Coffee: Caffeine Consumption, UCP2 Gene Variation, and Adiposity in Adults—A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2019/9606054 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harry Freitag Luglio Muhammad ◽

Dian Caturini Sulistyoningrum ◽

Emy Huriyati ◽

Yi Yi Lee ◽

Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Body Fat ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gene Variation ◽

Ucp2 Gene ◽

The Relationship

Background. Coffee is suggested as an alternative option for weight loss but the relationship between coffee consumption and adiposity in population-based studies is still controversial. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between coffee intake and adiposity in adults and to test whether uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene variation was able to affect this relationship. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in male and female adults living in the urban area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Adiposity was determined based on body weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and waist and hip circumference. Data on coffee consumption and other dietary components were collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire along with other caffeine-containing beverages such as tea, chocolate, and other beverages. The −866 G/A UCP2 gene variation was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The correlation between coffee intake and adiposity was tested using linear regression test with adjustment for sex, age, energy intake, table sugar intake, and total caffeine intake. Results. In all subjects, coffee intake was inversely correlated with body weight (β = −0.122, p=0.028), BMI (β = −0.157, p=0.005), and body fat (β = −0.135, p=0.009). In subjects with AA + GA genotypes, coffee intake was inversely correlated with body weight (β = −0.155, p=0.027), BMI (β = −0.179, p=0.010), and body fat (β = −0.148, p=0.021). By contrast, in subjects with GG genotype, coffee intake was not correlated with body weight (β = −0.017, p=0.822), BMI (β = −0.068, p=0.377), and body fat (β = −0.047, p=0.504). Conclusion. We showed that coffee intake was negatively correlated with adiposity, and this was independent of total caffeine intake. Additionally, we showed that the −866 G/A UCP2 gene variation influences the relationship between coffee intake and adiposity.

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Association of coffee drinking with all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014001438 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 1282-1291 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yimin Zhao ◽

Kejian Wu ◽

Jusheng Zheng ◽

Ruiting Zuo ◽

Duo Li

Keyword(s):

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Coffee Drinking ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Relative Risks ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to use the meta-analysis method to assess the relationship between coffee drinking and all-cause mortality.DesignCategorical and dose–response meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models.SettingWe systematically searched and identified eligible literature in the PubMed and Scopus databases.SubjectsSeventeen studies including 1 054 571 participants and 131 212 death events from all causes were included in the present study.ResultsSeventeen studies were included and evaluated in the meta-analysis. A U-shaped dose–response relationship was found between coffee consumption and all-cause mortality (Pfor non-linearity <0·001). Compared with non/occasional coffee drinkers, the relative risks for all-cause mortality were 0·89 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·93) for 1–<3 cups/d, 0·87 (95 % CI 0·83, 0·91) for 3–<5 cups/d and 0·90 (95 % CI 0·87, 0·94) for ≥5 cups/d, and the relationship was more marked in females than in males.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies indicated that light to moderate coffee intake is associated with a reduced risk of death from all causes, particularly in women.

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Coffee Consumption and the Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Women

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology ◽

10.1155/2016/6918431 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Erik J. Groessl ◽

Matthew A. Allison ◽

Joseph C. Larson ◽

Samuel B. Ho ◽

Linda G. Snetslaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Background.Higher coffee consumption has been associated with decreased incidence of colorectal cancer. Our objective was to examine the relationship of coffee intake to colorectal cancer incidence in a large observational cohort of postmenopausal US women.Methods.Data were collected for the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study providing a follow-up period of 12.9 years. The mean age of our sample (N=83,778 women) was 63.5 years. Daily coffee intake was grouped into 3 categories: None, moderate (>0–<4 cups), and high (4+ cups). Proportional hazards modeling was used to evaluate the relationship between coffee intake and colorectal cancer.Results.There were 1,282 (1.53%) new cases of colorectal cancer during follow-up. Compared to nondrinkers, moderate and high coffee drinkers had an increased incidence of colorectal cancer in multivariate analysis (HR 1.15, 1.02–1.29; HR 1.14, 0.93–1.38). Moderate drip brew coffee intake (HR 1.20, 1.05–1.36) and high nondrip brew coffee intake (HR 1.43, 1.01–2.02) were associated with increased odds.Conclusion.Our results suggesting increased incidence of colorectal cancer associated with higher coffee consumption contradict recent meta-analyses but agree with a number of other studies showing that coffee increases risk or has no effect. Brew method results are novel and warrant further research.

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The relationship between coffee intake, obstructive sleep apnea risk, and type 2 diabetes glycemic control, in Tabuk City, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a case–control study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4838-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Adam Ahmed Elnour ◽

Abdulmoneim Ahmed Saleh ◽

Mowffaq Mohammed Kalantan ◽

Hyder Osman Mirghani

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objectives The study aimed to assess the relationship between coffee intake, obstructive sleep apnea risk (OSA), and glycemic control among patients with diabetes mellitus. Results There were 110 patients with diabetes and 96 healthy control subjects (matched for age and sex) attending a diabetes center زinTabuk, Saudi Arabia during the period from June 2018–October 2019. Stop-Bang questionnaire was used to assess OSA risk, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale to investigate daytime sleepiness. OSA risk and daytime sleepiness were higher among patients with diabetes compared to controls (4.34 ± 1.61 vs. 2.86 ± 1.24, and 8.31 ± 4.40 vs. 6.39 ± 3.70 respectively, P < 0.5), while coffee consumption was not (4.64 ± 3.95 vs. 3.45 ± 3.06, P > 0.05). Women with diabetes were younger with short duration since the diagnosis of diabetes and consumed less coffee compared to men, P < 0.5. A negative correlation was found between coffee consumption and the duration of diabetes, while no correlation was found between coffee intake, the glycated hemoglobin, OSA risk, sex, and daytime sleepiness. Daytime sleepiness and OSA risk were commoners among patients with diabetes, they were not correlated with coffee consumption which was negatively correlated with the duration since diabetes diagnosis. Further larger multi-center studies investigating coffee intake among patients newly diagnosed with diabetes are recommended.

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Coffee and Endothelial Function: A Coffee Paradox?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2104 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Higashi

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Curve Type ◽

J Curve ◽

The World ◽

Pharmacological Substance

Coffee is a popular beverage throughout the world. Coffee contains various chemical compounds (e.g., caffeine, chlorogenic acids, hydroxyhydroquinone, kahweol, cafestol, and complex chemical mixtures). Caffeine is also the most widely consumed pharmacological substance in the world and is included in various beverages (e.g., coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks), products containing chocolate, and drugs. The effects of coffee and caffeine on cardiovascular diseases remain controversial. It is well known that there are J-curve-type or U-curve-type associations of coffee consumption with cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke. However, there is little information on the direct and indirect effects of coffee consumption on endothelial function in humans. It is likely that the coffee paradox or caffeine paradox exists the association of coffee intake with cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular outcomes, and endothelial function. This review focusses on the effects of coffee and caffeine on endothelial function from molecular mechanisms to clinical perspectives.

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