scholarly journals Designing Nutritionally Adequate and Climate-Friendly Diets for Omnivorous, Pescatarian, Vegetarian and Vegan Adolescents in Sweden Using Linear Optimization

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2507
Author(s):  
Patricia Eustachio Colombo ◽  
Liselotte Schäfer Elinder ◽  
Anna Karin Lindroos ◽  
Alexandr Parlesak
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalents ◽  
Group Pattern

Low-carbon diets can counteract climate change and promote health if they are nutritionally adequate, affordable and culturally acceptable. This study aimed at developing sustainable diets and to compare these with the EAT-Lancet diet. The Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016–17 was used as the baseline. Diets were optimized using linear programming for four dietary patterns: omnivores, pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans. The deviation from the baseline Riksmaten diet was minimized for all optimized diets while fulfilling nutrient and climate footprint constraints. Constraining the diet-related carbon dioxide equivalents of omnivores to 1.57 kg/day resulted in a diet associated with a reduction of meat, dairy products, and processed foods and an increase in potatoes, pulses, eggs and seafood. Climate-friendly, nutritionally adequate diets for pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans contained fewer foods and included considerable amounts of fortified dairy and meat substitutes. The optimized diets did not align very well with the food-group pattern of the EAT-Lancet diet. These findings suggest how to design future diets that are climate-friendly, nutritionally adequate, affordable, and culturally acceptable for Swedish adolescents with different dietary patterns. The discrepancies with the EAT diet indicate that the cultural dietary context is likely to play an important role in characterizing sustainable diets for specific populations.

scholarly journals Relative validity of a brief dietary survey to assess food intake and adherence to national dietary guidelines among Sri Lankan adults

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Renzella ◽  
S. Fernando ◽  
B. Kalupahana ◽  
N. Townsend ◽  
M. Rayner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Meat And Eggs ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Abstract Background Suboptimal diet is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Addressing this problem requires context-specific solutions informed by context-specific data collected by context-specific tools. This study aimed to assess the relative validity of a newly developed brief dietary survey to estimate food intake and adherence to the Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Sri Lankans. Methods Between December 2018 and February 2019, we interviewed 94 Sri Lankan adults living in Colombo (Western Province), Kalutara (Western Province), and Trincomalee (Eastern Province). We assessed the relative validity of the Sri Lankan Brief Dietary Survey (SLBDS) with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plots, and Cohen’s kappa tests using a 24-h Dietary Recall (24DR) as reference. Results Ninety-four adults (40.7 years ±12.6; 66% female) completed both surveys during the same interview. With the exception of ‘Fish, pulses, meat and eggs’ food group median intake, which was underestimated by the SLBDS compared to the 24DR, there was no strong evidence of difference between median intakes reported by the two methods. Correlation coefficients were highest for ‘Milk and dairy products’ (0.84) at the food group level and for ‘dosa’, ‘hoppers’, ‘milk rice’, and ‘dried fish’ (1.00) among individual food and beverages. Visual exploration of Bland-Altman plots showed acceptable agreement between the SLBDS and 24DR, with the SLBDS tending to overestimate consumption as the number of servings of ‘Rice, bread, other cereals and yams’ and ‘Vegetables’ consumed increased and slightly underestimate consumption as the number of servings of ‘Fish, pulses, meat and eggs’, ‘Milk and dairy products’, and ‘Nuts’ increased. Kappa values ranged from from 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32–0.86) for ‘Vegetables’ to 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66–0.96) for ‘Fruit’ indicating a moderate to strong level of agreement. Conclusions Having been developed for and relatively validated with the study population in question, our study shows that the SLBDS can be used as a fit for purpose research tool. Additional research is needed to assess SLBDS test-retest reliability and to validate further the reporting of salt, oil, and coconut intake.

scholarly journals Associations of dietary patterns with bone mass, muscle strength and balance in a cohort of Australian middle-aged women

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feitong Wu ◽  
Karen Wills ◽  
Laura L. Laslett ◽  
Brian Oldenburg ◽  
Graeme Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Processed Meats ◽  
Functional Reach Test

AbstractInfluences of dietary patterns on musculoskeletal health are poorly understood in middle-aged women. This cross-sectional analysis from a cohort of 347 women (aged 36–57 years) aimed to examine associations between dietary patterns and musculoskeletal health outcomes in middle-aged women. Diet was measured by the Cancer Council of Victoria FFQ. Total body bone mineral content (TB BMC), femoral neck and lumbar spine bone density (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), lower limbs muscle strength (LMS) and balance tests (timed up and go test, step test, functional reach test (FRT) and lateral reach test) were also measured. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns and scores for each pattern generated using factor loadings with absolute values ≥0·20. Associations between food pattern scores and musculoskeletal outcomes were assessed using multivariable linear regression. Three dietary patterns were identified: ‘Healthy’ (high consumption of a plant-based diet – vegetables, legumes, fruit, tomatoes, nuts, snacks, garlic, whole grains and low intake of high-fat dairy products), ‘high protein, high fat’ (red meats, poultry, processed meats, potatoes, cruciferous and dark-yellow vegetables, fish, chips, spirits and high-fat dairy products) and ‘Processed foods’ (high intakes of meat pies, hamburgers, beer, sweets, fruit juice, processed meats, snacks, spirits, pizza and low intake of cruciferous vegetables). After adjustment for confounders, Healthy pattern was positively associated with LMS, whereas Processed foods pattern was inversely associated with TB BMC and FRT. The associations were not significant after accounting for multiple comparisons. There were no associations with any other outcomes. These results suggest that maintaining a healthy diet could contribute to bone acquisition, muscle strength and balance in adult life. However, while they provide some support for further investigating dietary strategies for prevention of age-related loss of muscle and deterioration in balance, the exploratory nature of the analyses means that confirmation in longitudinal studies and/or trials with pre-specified hypotheses is needed.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Foods and Beverages of Low Nutritional Value to the Diets of Swedish Adolescents, by Food Group, Time and Place. A Nationally Representative Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2450
Author(s):  
Anna Karin Lindroos ◽  
Lotta Moraeus ◽  
Jessica Petrelius Sipinen ◽  
Eva Warensjö Lemming ◽  
Emma Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative

Adolescence is a time in life when lifestyle behaviours are acquired. One indicator of poor diet quality is the intake of foods and beverages with a relatively low nutritional value. Using the Australian classification of such foods, termed “discretionary”, we classified the intakes of Swedish adolescents who participated in the Riksmaten Adolescent 2016–17 national dietary survey. From selected schools, 3099 adolescents in age groups 11–12, 14–15 and 17–18 years provided two 24-h recalls. Intakes and healthy dietary scores were calculated. Plasma ferritin, folate and 25(OH)D were available for a third. Almost 40% of total energy came from discretionary foods/beverages. Adolescents with higher intakes were more likely to be female, older, from a low socioeconomic position-household and born in Sweden. Most discretionary foods/beverages were consumed on weekend days and during in-between meals, outside of the home and at school. Percent energy from discretionary intake was associated with healthy dietary scores but not nutritional status. A substantial amount of energy was obtained from discretionary foods/beverages, and we found that consumption is pervasive across sociodemographic factors, time and place. Addressing this pattern will require a comprehensive approach to food environments and behaviours to reach all adolescents in an equitable manner.

scholarly journals The food patterns of a multicenter cohort of Brazilian nulliparous pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Miele ◽  
Renato T. Souza ◽  
Iracema M. Calderon ◽  
Francisco E. Feitosa ◽  
Débora F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Main Components

AbstractAssessment of human nutrition is a complex process, in pregnant women identify dietary patterns through mean nutrient consumption can be an opportunity to better educate women on how to improve their overall health through better eating. This exploratory study aimed to identify a posteriori dietary patterns in a cohort of nulliparous pregnant women. The principal component analysis (PCA) technique was performed, with Varimax orthogonal rotation of data extracted from the 24-h dietary recall, applied at 20 weeks of gestation. We analysed 1.145 dietary recalls, identifying five main components that explained 81% of the dietary pattern of the sample. Dietary patterns found were: Obesogenic, represented by ultra-processed foods, processed foods, and food groups rich in carbohydrates, fats and sugars; Traditional, most influenced by natural, minimally processed foods, groups of animal proteins and beans; Intermediate was similar to the obesogenic, although there were lower loads; Vegetarian, which was the only good representation of fruits, vegetables and dairy products; and Protein, which best represented the groups of proteins (animal and vegetable). The obesogenic and intermediate patterns represented over 37% of the variation in food consumption highlighting the opportunity to improve maternal health especially for women at first mothering.

31.E. Workshop: Food processing in the modern era: implication for public health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
General Public ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Current scientific evidence and reports from governmental organizations agree that healthy nutrition represents a key factor to prevent death and disability from major nutrition-related chronic diseases. For many years, the essential goal of healthy dietary recommendations included eating nutrient dense foods and limiting consumption of foods high in energy (sugar, starch and/or fat) to maintain a healthy weight. However, the scientific community abandoned the more simplistic approach of energy balance between calorie in and out, shifting into investigation of the whole diet quality as main determinant of health. With development of new technologies and globalization of the markets, the food availability improved worldwide, often in spite of (nutritional) quality and loss of local products production/consumption. As a result, there is an industry-supported wide spread of “non-traditional” foods, including processed foods characterized by various ingredients, added sugars, and additives that are highly influencing consumers' behaviors and, only recently, questioned for their role on general public health. This workshop aims to provide insights on consumption of ultra-processed foods up to the extreme processing of dietary supplements and their use and misuse, emphasizing on their potential impact on traditional dietary patterns. The objectives of the present workshop are the following: To provide a science-based definition of processed and ultra-processed foods; To explore current evidence of the association between ultra-processed foods and risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and mortality; To explore current evidence of the association between dietary supplements and human health; To discuss whether introduction of non-traditional foods may affect the relation between traditional dietary patterns and health. Given the novelty of the topic, it is crucial to summarize current evidence from lead experts on this field of research and sharing opinions with the audience in light of the presented results. The conclusions might have crucial implications for potential policy and research outcomes. Key messages Uncontrolled consumption of ultra-processed foods and dietary supplements represent a potential threat for general public health. The inclusion of ultra-processed foods into traditional healthy dietary patterns may affect their efficacy in preventing chronic non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Diet and cancer in Northeast Brazil: evaluation of eating habits and food group consumption in relation to breast cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Emília Leite de Lima ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽  
Maria José de Carvalho Costa ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Diet And Cancer ◽  
Control Study

A hospital-based case-control study was performed from August 2002 to November 2003 in Northeast Brazil. Eighty-nine women were recruited with histologically confirmed breast cancer (age 30-80 years), matched for age with 94 controls. Food consumption of cases and controls was evaluated by foods and food groups, categorized in consumption tertiles. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained through unconditional logistic regression. Intake of fruits and juices, beans, and dairy products showed a strong association with reduced risk of breast cancer. Consumption of red and fried meat was positively associated with risk of breast cancer (red meat - OR = 4.30; 95%CI: 1.74-10.67; p for trend = 0.00). No association was observed in vegetable and sausage meat groups and breast cancer. Red and fried meat may be risk factors, and intake of fruit, beans, and dairy products may protect against breast cancer.

scholarly journals A short food-group-based dietary questionnaire is reliable and valid for assessing toddlers' dietary risk in relatively advantaged samples

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda K. Bell ◽  
Rebecca K. Golley ◽  
Anthea M. Magarey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Dietary Risk ◽  
Highly Correlated

Identifying toddlers at dietary risk is crucial for determining who requires intervention to improve dietary patterns and reduce health consequences. The objectives of the present study were to develop a simple tool that assesses toddlers' dietary risk and investigate its reliability and validity. The nineteen-item Toddler Dietary Questionnaire (TDQ) is informed by dietary patterns observed in Australian children aged 14 (n552) and 24 (n493) months and the Australian dietary guidelines. It assesses the intake of ‘core’ food groups (e.g. fruit, vegetables and dairy products) and ‘non-core’ food groups (e.g. high-fat, high-sugar and/or high-salt foods and sweetened beverages) over the previous 7 d, which is then scored against a dietary risk criterion (0–100; higher score = higher risk). Parents of toddlers aged 12–36 months (Socio-Economic Index for Areas decile range 5–9) were asked to complete the TDQ for their child (n111) on two occasions, 3·2 (sd1·8) weeks apart, to assess test–retest reliability. They were also asked to complete a validated FFQ from which the risk score was calculated and compared with the TDQ-derived risk score (relative validity). Mean scores were highly correlated and not significantly different for reliability (intra-class correlation = 0·90, TDQ1 30·2 (sd8·6)v. TDQ2 30·9 (sd8·9);P= 0·14) and validity (r0·83, average TDQ ((TDQ1+TDQ2)/2) 30·5 (sd8·4)v. FFQ 31·4 (sd8·1);P= 0·05). All the participants were classified into the same (reliability 75 %; validity 79 %) or adjacent (reliability 25 %; validity 21 %) risk category (low (0–24), moderate (25–49), high (50–74) and very high (75–100)). Overall, the TDQ is a valid and reliable screening tool for identifying at-risk toddlers in relatively advantaged samples.

scholarly journals Worldwide dietary patterns and their association with socioeconomic data: an ecological exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa ◽  
Bruno Francisco Teixeira Simões ◽  
Alessandra da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Socioeconomic Data

Objective: To identify dietary patterns in food availability data at the global level using multivariate statistical methodology, to associate the identified dietary patterns with socioeconomic data and to analyze the adequacy of the applied statistical methods in data of food availability. Methods: Principal Component Analysis was applied to food availability data of 172 UN registered countries available at FAOSTAT database in Food Balance Sheets section. The Principal Components were correlated with socioeconomic data available from the World Bank database. Results: Five principal components were identified, each characterizing a dietary pattern. The first one, a westernized dietary pattern, was composed of energy-dense and processed foods, foods of animal origin, alcoholic beverages, but also, albeit less, by vegetables, fruits and nuts, being correlated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This westernized pattern was characterized more by western, animal origin and processed foods, yet preserving unprocessed and regional foods. The other dietary patterns were three agricultural patterns characterized more by regional foods, especially starchy staples, and one coastal dietary pattern composed of fish and seafoods, being associated with GINI index, poverty, and female labor force. Conclusions: Principal Component Analysis was adequate to identify dietary patterns in food availability data. A westernized dietary pattern was identified, being associated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This association did not occur for the remain of the dietary patterns identified, these being less driven by economic development.

scholarly journals Processed and ultra-processed food consumption are related to metabolic markers in hemodialysis subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Lage WENDLING ◽  
Karla Pereira BALBINO ◽  
Priscila Vaz de Melo RIBEIRO ◽  
Andreza de Paula Santos EPIFÂNIO ◽  
Luciane Domingos MAROTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Nutritional Guidelines ◽  
Prepared Food ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods and evaluate its relationship with the nutritional and metabolic status of hemodialysis patients in a single center in Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 73 individuals in hemodialysis (50 men and 23 women, 21-87 years-old). Clinical and lifestyle variables were assessed by a semi-structured questionnaire and dietary data by food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and metabolic data are collected from medical records. Results Processed and ultra-processed foods represented 11.0% of daily caloric intake, 53.0% of trans fatty acid, and 12.5% of salt consumed in the study sample. Individuals who had high intake of this food group (≥128.4g/day, median intake) had higher serum phosphorus and pre-dialysis urea values (p=0.038; p=0.013, respectively). Also, individual with higher consumption of processed meat, sausages and ready prepared food had higher pre-dialysis serum urea (p=0.021), while serum potassium was higher among the subjects who consumed more sauces and salt-based seasonings (p=0.002). Conclusion Higher consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods was associated with important biomarkers of metabolic control for hemodialysis subjects, probably due to non-health dietary composition. Nutritional guidelines and intervention strategies must be promoted to reduce consumption of these food-group in thisspecific population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document