scholarly journals Dietary Magnesium Alleviates Experimental Murine Colitis through Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4188
Author(s):  
Federica Del Chierico ◽  
Valentina Trapani ◽  
Valentina Petito ◽  
Sofia Reddel ◽  
Giuseppe Pietropaolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Murine Colitis ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Nutritional deficiencies are common in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In patients, magnesium (Mg) deficiency is associated with disease severity, while in murine models, dietary Mg supplementation contributes to restoring mucosal function. Since Mg availability modulates key bacterial functions, including growth and virulence, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of Mg supplementation during colitis might be mediated by gut microbiota. The effects of dietary Mg modulation were assessed in a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis by monitoring magnesemia, weight, and fecal consistency. Gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S-rRNA based profiling on fecal samples. Mg supplementation improved microbiota richness in colitic mice, increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and reduced Enterobacteriaceae. KEEG pathway analysis predicted an increase in biosynthetic metabolism, DNA repair and translation pathways during Mg supplementation and in the presence of colitis, while low Mg conditions favored catabolic processes. Thus, dietary Mg supplementation increases bacteria involved in intestinal health and metabolic homeostasis, and reduces bacteria involved in inflammation and associated with human diseases, such as IBD. These findings suggest that Mg supplementation may be a safe and cost-effective strategy to ameliorate disease symptoms and restore a beneficial intestinal flora in IBD patients.

Anti-inflammatory effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanin extract in DSS-induced colitis: modulation of commensal bacteria and attenuated bacterial intestinal infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jingjing Mu ◽  
jingwen xu ◽  
linlin wang ◽  
Caifa Chen ◽  
Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

The purple sweet potato anthocyanin has been acknowledged for its beneficial effects on human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Although the ability of anthocyanin in modulating gut microbiota has been reported,...

scholarly journals The Role of Gut Microbiota Biomodulators on Mucosal Immunity and Intestinal Inflammation

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Amoroso ◽  
Federica Perillo ◽  
Francesco Strati ◽  
Massimo Fantini ◽  
Flavio Caprioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

Alterations of the gut microbiota may cause dysregulated mucosal immune responses leading to the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in genetically susceptible hosts. Restoring immune homeostasis through the normalization of the gut microbiota is now considered a valuable therapeutic approach to treat IBD patients. The customization of microbe-targeted therapies, including antibiotics, prebiotics, live biotherapeutics and faecal microbiota transplantation, is therefore considered to support current therapies in IBD management. In this review, we will discuss recent advancements in the understanding of host−microbe interactions in IBD and the basis to promote homeostatic immune responses through microbe-targeted therapies. By considering gut microbiota dysbiosis as a key feature for the establishment of chronic inflammatory events, in the near future it will be suitable to design new cost-effective, physiologic, and patient-oriented therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IBD that can be applied in a personalized manner.

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet to Prevent the Development of Colon Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Gut Microbiota Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2234
Author(s):  
Oscar Illescas ◽  
Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa ◽  
Manuela Gariboldi
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Preventive Method ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Colon Diseases ◽  
Cancer And Inflammation

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a common feature in colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Adoption of the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for the prevention of multiple diseases, and one of its mechanisms of action is the modulation of the microbiota. We aimed to determine whether MD can be used as a preventive measure against cancer and inflammation-related diseases of the gut, based on its capacity to modulate the local microbiota. A joint meta-analysis of publicly available 16S data derived from subjects following MD or other diets and from patients with CRC, IBD, or other gut-related diseases was conducted. We observed that the microbiota associated with MD was enriched in bacteria that promote an anti-inflammatory environment but low in taxa with pro-inflammatory properties capable of altering intestinal barrier functions. We found an opposite trend in patients with intestinal diseases, including cancer. Some of these differences were maintained even when MD was compared to healthy controls without a defined diet. Our findings highlight the unique effects of MD on the gut microbiota and suggest that integrating MD principles into a person’s lifestyle may serve as a preventive method against cancer and other gut-related diseases.

scholarly journals The application of omics techniques to understand the role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481882225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Segal ◽  
Benjamin H. Mullish ◽  
Mohammed Nabil Quraishi ◽  
Animesh Acharjee ◽  
Horace R. T. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Compositional Changes

The aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves the complex interaction between a patient’s genetic predisposition, environment, gut microbiota and immune system. Currently, however, it is not known if the distinctive perturbations of the gut microbiota that appear to accompany both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the cause of, or the result of, the intestinal inflammation that characterizes IBD. With the utilization of novel systems biology technologies, we can now begin to understand not only details about compositional changes in the gut microbiota in IBD, but increasingly also the alterations in microbiota function that accompany these. Technologies such as metagenomics, metataxomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabonomics are therefore allowing us a deeper understanding of the role of the microbiota in IBD. Furthermore, the integration of these systems biology technologies through advancing computational and statistical techniques are beginning to understand the microbiome interactions that both contribute to health and diseased states in IBD. This review aims to explore how such systems biology technologies are advancing our understanding of the gut microbiota, and their potential role in delineating the aetiology, development and clinical care of IBD.

scholarly journals The Use of Probiotic Therapy to Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Dendritic Cell Responses in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Alagón Fernández del Campo ◽  
Alejandro De Orta Pando ◽  
Juan Ignacio Straface ◽  
José Ricardo López Vega ◽  
Diego Toledo Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

: Recent investigations have shown that different conditions such as diet, the overuse of antibiotics or the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms can alter the population status of the intestinal microbiota. This modification can produce a change from homeostasis to a condition known as imbalance or dysbiosis; however, the role-played by dysbiosis and the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been poorly understood. It was actually not until a few years ago that studies started to develop regarding the role that dendritic cells (DC) of intestinal mucosa play in the sensing of the gut microbiota population. The latest studies have focused on describing the DC modulation, specifically on tolerance response involving T regulatory cells or on the inflammatory response involving reactive oxygen species and tissue damage. Furthermore, the latest studies have also focused on the protective and restorative effect of the population of the gut microbiota given by probiotic therapy, targeting IBD and other intestinal pathologies. In the present work, the authors propose and summarize a recently studied complex axis of interaction between the population of the gut microbiota, the sensing of the DC and its modulation towards tolerance and inflammation, the development of IBD and the protective and restorative effect of probiotics on other intestinal pathologies.

scholarly journals A Personalised Dietary Approach—A Way Forward to Manage Nutrient Deficiency, Effects of the Western Diet, and Food Intolerances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi B Laing ◽  
Anecita Gigi Lim ◽  
Lynnette R Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrient Interactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Individualised Treatment

This review discusses the personalised dietary approach with respect to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It identifies gene–nutrient interactions associated with the nutritional deficiencies that people with IBD commonly experience, and the role of the Western diet in influencing these. It also discusses food intolerances and how particular genotypes can affect these. It is well established that with respect to food there is no “one size fits all” diet for those with IBD. Gene–nutrient interactions may help explain this variability in response to food that is associated with IBD. Nutrigenomic research, which examines the effects of food and its constituents on gene expression, shows that—like a number of pharmaceutical products—food can have beneficial effects or have adverse (side) effects depending on a person’s genotype. Pharmacogenetic research is identifying gene variants with adverse reactions to drugs, and this is modifying clinical practice and allowing individualised treatment. Nutrigenomic research could enable individualised treatment in persons with IBD and enable more accurate tailoring of food intake, to avoid exacerbating malnutrition and to counter some of the adverse effects of the Western diet. It may also help to establish the dietary pattern that is most protective against IBD.

scholarly journals A Survey on Nutritional Knowledge in Coeliac Disease Compared to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Patients and Healthy Subjects

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Marsilio ◽  
Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino ◽  
Brigida Barberio ◽  
Greta Lorenzon ◽  
Daria Maniero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background and aim: Nutritional deficiencies are frequent in coeliac disease (CeD), mostly because of the nutritional deficits in gluten-free foods and because of wrong behaviors. We aimed to investigate the level of nutritional knowledge in a cohort of CeD patients in comparison with patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy subjects. Materials and methods: We consecutively recruited CeD patients and matched-sex and -age IBD patients between April and December 2019 at the University Hospital of Padua outpatient clinic. Healthy subjects were also recruited from family and friends of the hospital staff. The CeD patients were asymptomatic on a gluten-free diet, whereas the IBD patients were in remission. All of the subjects completed the Moynihan validated questionnaire to measure their nutritional knowledge. Results: We included 96 CeD patients, 96 IBD patients, and 65 healthy controls. We found that CeD patients were less aware of nutritional recommendations compared with healthy subjects (HS), and were less able to identify nutrient sources compared with IBD patients and to choose healthy food compared with both groups. The Moynihan questionnaire mean total score was not significantly different between CeD and IBD groups (mean 22.5 ± 2.3 for CeD, 22.0 ± 2.2 for IBD), while it was statistically significantly worse in CeD compared with healthy subjects (mean 21.2 ± 2.3 for HS, p = 0.001). Conclusions: CeD patients tend to focus their diet on gluten avoidance, while IBD patients tend to follow a healthier diet, probably because they believe that diet plays a major role in regulating inflammation and, therefore, their symptoms. A dietitian consultation at CeD diagnosis is recommended.

Use of Synbiotics for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Roselli ◽  
Alberto Finamore
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
System A ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel diseases, namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are currently considered multifactorial pathologies in which various combined environmental factors act on genetic background, giving rise to chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammation of the colon caused by a dysregulated immune response to host intestinal microbiota in genetically susceptible subjects. Ulcerative colitis has a strong impact on patients' quality of life, as well as high costs for the health-care system. A great interest on the role of intestinal microbiota modulation in ulcerative colitis is emerging. Several studies have shown an improvement of inflammatory markers and symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients through treatments with probiotics and prebiotics separately. Despite the low number of studies on the treatment of ulcerative colitis by specific strains of probiotics plus selected prebiotics, i.e. synbiotics, the results are promising, even if discordant. The mechanism of action in synbiotics supplementation is still unclear and needs more investigation, although there is a large number of data indicating that the synergism between probiotics and prebiotics favours the survival and implantation of probiotics into the gastrointestinal tract with beneficial effects on human health by modulating the inflammatory response and gut microbiota composition. The aim of this minireview is to describe the main in vitro, animal and human studies performed up to now, that have used synbiotics to treat ulcerative colitis, and to highlight limitations and future perspectives.

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