scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Photo-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Properties of Different Kadsura coccinea Extracts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1633
Author(s):  
Joong Suk Jeon ◽  
He Mi Kang ◽  
Ju Ha Park ◽  
Jum Soon Kang ◽  
Yong Jae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Kadsura Coccinea ◽  
Ldh Release ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein

Kadsura coccinea (KC), a beneficial plant for human health, has been used for centuries in China, Thailand, and Korea in folk medicine and food. There is evidence supporting the biological effects of highly bioactive ingredients in KC such as lignans, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and amino acids. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects, functions, and mechanisms of the extracts from KC root (KCR), stem (KCS), leaf (KCL), and fruit (KCF) in UVA and UVB-irradiated keratinocytes and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-stimulated melanocytes. First, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of KCR, KCS, KCL, and KCF and their radical scavenging activities were investigated. These parameters were found to be in the following order: KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. UVA and UVB-irradiated keratinocytes were treated with KCR, KCS, KCL, and KCF, and keratinocyte viability, LDH release, intracellular ROS production, and apoptosis were examined. Our results demonstrated that KC extracts improved keratinocyte viability and reduced LDH release, intracellular ROS production, and apoptosis in the presence UVA and UVB irradiation. The overall photoprotective activity of the KC extracts was confirmed in the following order: KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. Moreover, KC extracts significantly decreased the intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase activity in α-MSH-stimulated melanocytes. Mechanistically, KC extracts reduced the protein and mRNA expression levels of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) in α-MSH-stimulated melanocytes. In addition, these extracts markedly downregulated myophthalmosis-related transcription factor expression and cAMP-related binding protein phosphorylation, which is upstream of the regulation of Tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. The overall anti-melanogenic activity of the KC extracts was established in the following order. KCL > KCR > KCS > KCF. Overall, the KC extracts exert photoprotective and anti-melanogenic effects, providing a basis for developing potential skin-whitening and photoprotective agents.

Synthesis of 4-aryl-1,2,3-triazolyl appended natural coumarin-related compounds with antiproliferative and radical scavenging activities and intracellular ROS production modification

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (15) ◽  
pp. 7531-7543 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bistrović ◽  
N. Stipaničev ◽  
T. Opačak-Bernardi ◽  
M. Jukić ◽  
S. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Natural Coumarin ◽  
Related Compounds

Diverse natural coumarin-based compounds linked to aryl via a 1,2,3-triazole spacer with antiproliferative activity against K562 cells, radical scavenging activity and a decrease of ROS production were provided.

scholarly journals Cytoprotective Activity of p-Terphenyl Polyketides and Flavuside B from Marine-Derived Fungi against Oxidative Stress in Neuro-2a Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3618
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Yurchenko ◽  
Ekaterina S. Menchinskaya ◽  
Evgeny A. Pislyagin ◽  
Ekaterina A. Chingizova ◽  
Elena V. Girich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Ldh Release ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The influence of p-terphenyl polyketides 1–3 from Aspergillus candidus KMM 4676 and cerebroside flavuside B (4) from Penicillium islandicum (=Talaromyces islandicus) against the effect of neurotoxins, rotenone and paraquat, on Neuro-2a cell viability by MTT and LDH release assays and intracellular ROS level, as well as DPPH radical scavenging activity, was investigated. Pre-incubation with compounds significantly diminished the ROS level in rotenone- and paraquat-treated cells. It was shown that the investigated polyketides 1–3 significantly increased the viability of rotenone- and paraquat-treated cells in two of the used assays but they affected only the viability of paraquat-treated cells in the LDH release assay. Flavuside B statistically increased the viability of paraquat-treated cells in both MTT and LDH release assays, however, it increased the viability of rotenone-treated cells in the LDH release assay. Structure–activity relationships for p-terphenyl derivatives, as well as possible mechanisms of cytoprotective action of all studied compounds, were discussed.

scholarly journals The Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone through Downregulation of Melanosome Maturation and Transportation in B16F10 and Human Epidermal Melanocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2823
Author(s):  
Yi-Jung Liu ◽  
Jia-Ling Lyu ◽  
Yueh-Hsiung Kuo ◽  
Chen-Yuan Chiu ◽  
Kuo-Chiang Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein

The biosynthesis pathway of melanin is a series of oxidative reactions that are catalyzed by melanin-related proteins, including tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2). Reagents or materials with antioxidative or free radical-scavenging activities may be candidates for anti-melanogenesis. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzalacetone (DBL) is a polyphenol isolated from fungi, such as Phellinus obliguus (Persoon) Pilat and P. linteus. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of DBL on antioxidation and melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs). The results indicated that DBL scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, and exhibited potent reducing power, indicating that it displays strong antioxidative activity. DBL also inhibited the expression of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF) in both the cells. In addition, DBL inhibited hyperpigmentation in B16F10 and HEMs by regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA), v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. DBL not only shortened dendritic melanocytes but also inhibited premelanosome protein 17 (PMEL17) expression, slowing down the maturation of melanosome transportation. These results indicated that DBL promotes anti-melanogenesis by inhibiting the transportation of melanosomes. Therefore, DBL is a potent antioxidant and depigmenting agent that may be used in whitening cosmetics.

scholarly journals Brachyury-Related Transcription Factor Tbx2 and Repression of the Melanocyte-Specific TRP-1 Promoter

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5099-5108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Carreira ◽  
T. J. Dexter ◽  
U. Yavuzer ◽  
D. J. Easty ◽  
C. R. Goding
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
T Box ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACT Previous work has demonstrated that two key melanocyte-specific elements termed the MSEu and MSEi play critical roles in the expression of the melanocyte-specific tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1) promoter. Both the MSEu and MSEi, located at position −237 and at the initiator, respectively, bind a melanocyte-specific factor termed MSF but are also recognized by a previously uncharacterized repressor, since mutations affecting either of these elements result in strong up-regulation of TRP-1 promoter activity in melanoma cells. Here we demonstrate that repression mediated by the MSEu and MSEi also operates in melanocytes. We also report that both the MSEu and MSEi are recognized by the brachyury-related transcription factor Tbx2, a member of the recently described T-box family, and that Tbx2 is expressed in melanocyte and melanoblast cell lines but not in melanoblast precursor cells. Although Tbx2 and MSF each recognize the TRP-1 MSEu and MSEi motifs, it is binding by Tbx-2, not binding by MSF, that correlates with repression. Several lines of evidence tend to point to the brachyury-related transcription factor Tbx2 as being the repressor of TRP-1 expression: both the MSEu and MSEi bind Tbx2, and mutations in either element that result in derepression of the TRP-1 promoter diminish binding by Tbx2; the TRP-1 promoter, but not the tyrosinase, microphthalmia, or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) promoter, is repressed by Tbx2 in cotransfection assays; a high-affinity consensus brachyury/Tbx2-binding site is able to constitutively repress expression of the heterologous IE110 promoter; and a low-affinity brachyury/Tbx2 binding site is able to mediate Tbx2-dependent repression of the G3PDH promoter. Although we cannot rule out the presence of an additional, as yet unidentified factor playing a role in the negative regulation of TRP-1 in vivo, the evidence presented here suggests that Tbx2 most likely is the previously unidentified repressor of TRP-1 expression and as such is likely to represent the first example of transcriptional repression by a T-box family member.

scholarly journals Are Biogenic and Pyrogenic Mesoporous SiO2 Nanoparticles Safe for Normal Cells?

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Solarska-Ściuk ◽  
Kinga Adach ◽  
Sylwia Cyboran-Mikołajczyk ◽  
Dorota Bonarska-Kujawa ◽  
Agnieszka Rusak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

Silicon dioxide, in the form of nanoparticles, possesses unique physicochemical properties (size, shape, and a large surface to volume ratio). Therefore, it is one of the most promising materials used in biomedicine. In this paper, we compare the biological effects of both mesoporous silica nanoparticles extracted from Urtica dioica L. and pyrogenic material. Both SEM and TEM investigations confirmed the size range of tested nanoparticles was between 6 and 20 nanometers and their amorphous structure. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds and intracellular ROS were determined in relation to cells HMEC-1 and erythrocytes. The cytotoxic effects of SiO2 NPs were determined after exposure to different concentrations and three periods of incubation. The same effects for endothelial cells were tested under the same range of concentrations but after 2 and 24 h of exposure to erythrocytes. The cell viability was measured using spectrophotometric and fluorimetric assays, and the impact of the nanoparticles on the level of intracellular ROS. The obtained results indicated that bioSiO2 NPs, present higher toxicity than pyrogenic NPs and have a higher influence on ROS production. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles show good hemocompatibility but after a 24 h incubation of erythrocytes with silica, the increase in hemolysis process, the decrease in osmotic resistance of red blood cells, and shape of erythrocytes changed were observed.

scholarly journals Effect of Phlorotannins Isolated From Eisenia bicyclis on Melanogenesis in Mouse B16 Melanoma Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110192
Author(s):  
Yuki Ohno ◽  
Shiori Kondo ◽  
Kiho Tajima ◽  
Toshiyuki Shibata ◽  
Tomohiro Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
B16 Melanoma ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Eisenia Bicyclis ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
B16 Melanoma Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tyrosinase Related Protein

Phlorotannins isolated from brown algae, such as Eisena bicyclis, have positive physiological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-Alzheimer’s disease. Although phlorotannins have been shown to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme essential for melanogenesis, their effect on melanogenesis remains unexplored. Thus, we isolated phlorotannins from E. bicyclis and examined their effects on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis in murine B16 melanoma cells. Both fucofuroeckol-A (FF-A) and phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFF-A) suppressed α-MSH-induced melanogenesis. Neither inhibited human tyrosinase (TYR) activity, but both inhibited tyrosinase-related protein-2 activity. FF-A downregulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and TYR, which subsequently suppressed melanin production. These results suggest that phlorotannins could be beneficial as melanin control drugs for hyperpigmentation disorders.

scholarly journals FRI0370 DUAL OXIDASE MATURATION FACTOR 1 POSITIVELY REGULATES RANKL-INDUCED OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS VIA ACTIVATING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION AND TRAF6-MEDIATED SIGNALING

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 782.2-782
Author(s):  
C. H. Lee ◽  
C. H. Chung ◽  
Y. J. Choi ◽  
W. H. Yoo ◽  
J. Y. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Maturation Factor ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Dual Oxidase ◽  
Rankl Stimulation

Background:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the significant factors of chemical or physical cell signaling in a wide variety of cell types including skeletal cells. Receptor activator of NF-βB ligand (RANKL) induces generation of intracellular ROS, which act as second messengers in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. Dual oxidase maturation factor 1 (Duoxa1) was first identified as aDrosophilaNumb-interacting protein (NIP), and has been associated with the maturation of ROS generating enzymes including dual oxidases (Duox1 and Duox2). In the progression of osteoclast differentiation using mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), we identified that only Duoxa1 level showed an effective change upon RANKL stimulation, but not Duox1, Duox2, and Duoxa2.Objectives:we hypothesized that Duoxa1 could independently act as a second messenger for RANKL stimulation and regulate ROS production during osteoclast differentiation.Methods:Using siRNA or retrovirus transduction and knockdown of Duoxa1 via siRNAResults:Duoxa1 level gradually increased during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. We found that Duoxa1 regulated RANKL-stimulated osteoclast formation and bone resorption positively. knockdown of Duoxa1 via siRNA decreased the RANKL-induced ROS production. During Duoxa1-related control of osteoclastogenesis, activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-mediated early signaling molecules including MAPKs, Akt, IβB, Btk, and PLC 2 was affected, which sequentially modified the mRNA or protein expression levels of key transcription factors in osteoclastogenesis, such as c-Fos and NFATc1, as well as mRNA expression of osteoclast-specific markers including OSCAR, ATP6v0d2, and CtsK.Conclusion:Overall, our data indicate that Duoxa1 plays a crucial role in osteoclastogenesis via regulating RANKL-induced intracellular ROS production and activating TRAF6-mediated signaling.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Vitamin E-Coated Dialyzer Inhibits Oxidative Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiho Yamadera ◽  
Yuya Nakamura ◽  
Masahiro Inagaki ◽  
Isao Ohsawa ◽  
Hiromichi Gotoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Intracellular Ros

Aim: To examine the effects of vitamin E-coated dialyzer on oxidative stress in vitro. Methods: A dialyzer with a synthetic polymer membrane (APS-11SA) and vitamin E-coated dialyzer (VPS-11SA) were connected to a blood tubing line, and U937 cells were circulated in the device. The circulating fluid was collected at 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cycles, which are estimated numbers of passes through the dialyzer. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA), and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified. Results: Intracellular ROS production was increased in the first cycle by APS-11SA and was decreased throughout the experiment by VPS-11SA. Intracellular ROS production in the VPS-11SA device was lower, and MDA levels were decreased. MDA levels were lower during VPS-11SA processing than during APS-11SA processing. Cu/Zn-SOD levels remained unchanged. Conclusion: Our results highlight anti-oxidative-stress effects of a vitamin E-coated dialyzer.

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