scholarly journals Positive Salt Tolerance Modulation via Vermicompost Regulation of SOS1 Gene Expression and Antioxidant Homeostasis in Viciafaba Plant

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2477
Author(s):  
Rehab El-Dakak ◽  
Weam El-Aggan ◽  
Ghadah Badr ◽  
Amira Helaly ◽  
Amel Tammam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Strategic Implementation ◽  
Salt Overly Sensitive

Strategic implementation of vermicompost as safe biofertilizer besides defensing saline soils offer dual function solving problems in developing countries. The current study aims to utilize vermicompost (VC) for amelioration of 200mM NaCl in Vicia faba Aspani cultivar and investigate the molecular role of salt overly sensitive pathway (SOS1). The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with three replicates. Treatments include 0; 2.5; 5; 10; 15% dried VC intermingled with soil mixture (clay: sand; 1:2) and/or 200 mM NaCl. The results show that salinity stress decreased broad bean fresh and dry weight; and K+/Na+. However, malonedialdehyde and H2O2 contents; increased. Application of 10% VC and salinity stress increases Ca2+ (41% and 50%), K+/Na+ (125% and 89%), Mg2+ (25% and 36%), N (8% and 11%), indole acetic acid (70% and 152%) and proteins (9% and 13%) for root and shoot, respectively, in comparison to salt treated pots. Moreover, all examined enzymatic antioxidants and their substrates increased, except glutathione reductase. A parallel decrease in abscisic acid (75% and 29%) and proline (59% and 58%) was also recorded for roots and leaves, respectively. Interestingly, the highly significant increase in gene expression of SOS1 (45-fold) could drive defense machinery of broad bean to counteract 200 mM NaCl.

scholarly journals Assessment of Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Responses of Tomato Landraces to Salinity Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Reem H. Alzahib ◽  
Hussein M. Migdadi ◽  
Abdullah A. Al Ghamdi ◽  
Mona S. Alwahibi ◽  
Abdullah A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Salinity Levels

Understanding salt tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. The study assessed the morpho-physiological variability of Hail tomato landraces in response to different salinity levels at seedling stages and recommended a tomato salt-tolerant landrace for future breeding programs. Three tomato landraces, Hail 548, Hail 747, and Hail 1072 were tested under three salinity levels: 75, 150, and 300 mM NaCl. Salinity stress reduced shoots’ fresh and dry weight by 71% and 72%, and roots were 86.5% and 78.6%, respectively. There was 22% reduced chlorophyll content, carotene content by 18.6%, and anthocyanin by 41.1%. Proline content increased for stressed treatments. The 300 mM NaCl treatment recorded the most proline content increases (67.37 mg/g fresh weight), with a percent increase in proline reaching 61.67% in Hail 747. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 65% in Hail 548, while it relatively increased in Hail 747 and Hail 1072 treated with 300 mM NaCl. Catalase (CAT) activity was enhanced by salt stress in Hail 548 and recorded 7.6%, increasing at 75 and 5.1% at 300 mM NaCl. It revealed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) at the 300 mM NaCl concentration in both Hail 548 and Hail 1072 landraces. Increasing salt concentrations showed a reduction in transpiration rate of 70.55%, 7.13% in stomatal conductance, and 72.34% in photosynthetic rate. K+/Na+ ratios decreased from 56% for 75 mM NaCl to 85% for 300 mM NaCl treatments in all genotypes. The response to salt stress in landraces involved some modifications in morphology, physiology, and metabolism. The landrace Hail 548 may have better protection against salt stress and observed protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing enzymatic “antioxidants” activity under salt stress.

The Effects of Salinity Stress on Seed Reserve Utilization and Germination Percentage of Treated Seeds of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
S.A. Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Percentage Weight

ABSTRACT In order to investigate salinity stress on seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of treated seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), an experiment was carried out. Factorial experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with three replicates. To create salinity stress, NaCl in osmotic levels at 0 (as control), -4, -8, -12 and -16 bar were used. For seed priming, gibberellin (GA) 50 ppm was used. Our results showed that treatment × drought interaction on these traits: germination percentage, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed, seed reserve utilization efficiency, seedling dry weight and seed reserve depletion percentage were significant. The highest germination percentage, weight of utilized (mobilized) seed, seed reserve utilization efficiency, seedling dry weight and seed reserve depletion percentage were attained from priming by gibberellin at control conditions. Thus, priming increased characteristics as compared to the unprimed. Priming improved seed reserve utilization such as: weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve, seed reserve depletion percentage, seed reserve utilization efficiency and seedling growth in barley under salinity stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity Stress on Antioxidative Enzyme Activity in the Leaves of Tolerant and Susceptible Genotypes of Groundnut

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Apurba Pal ◽  
Debjani Dutta ◽  
Anjan Kumar Pal ◽  
Sunil Kumar Gunri
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hoagland Nutrient Solution

Aims: To better understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in the light of antioxidative enzymes activity under salinity stress between tolerant and susceptible genotypes of groundnut. Study Design: Completely Randomized Design. Place and Duration of Study: The laboratory experiment was carried out in the departmental laboratory of Plant Physiology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Mohanpur, Nadia, and West Bengal during the year 2017-18. Methodology: A controlled study was conducted to screen 26 genotypes of groundnut under 200 mM NaCl salinity stress. Fourteen-day old seedlings were subjected to salinity treatment. For this, the modified Hoagland nutrient solution containing 200 mM NaCl (osmotic potential: -0.8 MPa) was applied in each case and the pH was adjusted to 6.3. The treatments were repeated on every third day. Control set without salinity stress was also maintained similarly in each case for comparison of results. Results: The salt tolerance index or STI of the genotypes ranged from 47.57% to 96.40%. Out of all the genotypes KDG-197 (STI= 96.40%) was found to be the most tolerant under a salinity stress of 200 mM NaCl and it was closely followed by R 2001-2 (STI=87.92%), VG 315 (STI=84.05%), TCGS 1157 (STI=77.59%) and TG 51 (STI=73.67%). While the genotypes Girnar 3 (STI= 47.57%), OG 52-1 (STI=49.09%), TVG 0856 (STI= 49.28%) and J 86 (STI= 50.66%) were the most susceptible genotypes based on their relative performance under stress in respect of total dry weight. It has been noted further that, out of the nine genotypes, enhancement of antioxidative enzyme like super oxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) and catalase (CAT) activity was recorded maximally in tolerant genotype KDG 197 (64.18%, 71.74% and 52.82% increase over control respectively) and R 2001-2 (53.68 %, 93.48% and 53.96 % increase over control respectively) but the activity of these enzyme in the four susceptible genotypes declined considerably under salinity treatment. Conclusion: Tolerant genotypes of groundnut in general registered much higher activities of antioxidative enzymes in their leaves as compared to the susceptible genotype under high salinity stress.

دور السيلينيوم في تحمل نبات الباقلاء L.Viciafaba للإجهاد الملحي = Role of Selenium in Tolerance of Broad Bean Plant Vicia Faba L. to Salinity Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
أمل غانم محمود القزاز ◽  
رهف وائل محمود عطار باشي ◽  
إيمان حسين هادي الحياني
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Vicia Faba L

scholarly journals Measuring Soil Fertility underHagenia abyssinica(Bruce) J. F. Gmel by the Biotest Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruktayet Assefa ◽  
Gerhard Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hagenia Abyssinica ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

The experiment was conducted at the Forestry Research Center, Ethiopia in 2008. Soil was sampled under the canopy ofHagenia abyssinicaand from farmland area adjacent to the forest to measure fertility of soils by using the biotest with linseed (Linum usitatissimumL.), barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), and wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) as indicators. The experimental design was a completely randomized design comprising of 20 seedlings per study site. Seeds were seeded into polythene plastic bags. Seedling emergence, germination, and survival rate were recorded. Plant height and root collar diameter were measured. Final weight of fresh biomass was measured, and each component was oven-dried at 70°C. Dry weight was recorded at constant weight. Significant differences (P<.05) were observed between soil treatments. Plants grown onHagenia-influenced soils attained better performance, suggesting the beneficial role ofHagenia abyssinicain enhancing soil fertility status which in turn results in higher productivity.

scholarly journals Integrated Application of Selenium and Silicon Enhances Growth and Anatomical Structure, Antioxidant Defense System and Yield of Wheat Grown in Salt-Stressed Soil

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040
Author(s):  
Ragab S. Taha ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Ashwag Shami ◽  
Bushra Ahmed Alhammad ◽  
Ayman H. A. Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Sod Activity

Selenium (Se) and silicon (Si) are considered advantageous elements to induce plants’ tolerance to various environmental stresses. Wheat yield is negatively affected by salinity stress, especially in dry and semi-dry areas. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of Se, Si and their combinations (0 as control, Se15, Se30, Si15, Si30, Se15 + Si15, and Se30 + Si30 mM) in alleviating the deleterious effects of salinity stress (7.61 dS m−1, real field conditions) on anatomical characteristics as well as the physio-biochemical and productivity parameters of wheat plants. The selenium and silicon treatments and their combinations caused significant amelioration in growth, anatomical and physiological attributes, and grain yields of salinity-stressed wheat in comparison with the untreated plants (control treatment). The integrated application of Se30 + Si30 significantly increased plant growth (i.e., plant height 28.24%, number of tillers m−2 76.81%, fresh weight plant−1 80.66%, and dry weight plant−1 79.65%), Fv/Fm (44.78%), performance index (PI; 60.45%), membrane stability index (MSI; 36.39%), relative water content (RWC; 29.39%), total soluble sugars (TSS; 53.38%), proline (33.74%), enzymatic antioxidants (i.e., CAT activity by 14.45%, GR activity by 67.5%, SOD activity by 35.37% and APX activity by 39.25%) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (i.e., GSH content by 117.5%, AsA content by 52.32%), yield and its components (i.e., number of spikelets spike−1 29.55%, 1000-grain weight 48.73% and grain yield ha−1 26.44%). The anatomical traits of stem and leaves were improved in wheat plants treated with Se30 + Si30. These changes resulting from the exogenous applications of Se, Si or their combinations, in turn, make these elements prospective in helping wheat plants to acclimate successfully to saline soil.

scholarly journals TiO2 nanoparticles and salinity stress in relation to artemisinin production and ADS and DBR2 expression in Artemisia absinthium L.

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shariatzadeh Bami ◽  
R. A. Khavari-Nejad ◽  
A. M. Ahadi ◽  
Z. Rezayatmand
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Relative Gene

Abstract Artemisia absinthium L. is an important herb that is widely cultivated in different parts of the world for its medicinal properties. The present study evaluated the effects of four concentrations of nanoparticles treatment (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1) and NaCl salinity stress (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) and their interactions with respect to the expression of two key genes, i.e. DBR2 and ADS, in the biosynthesis pathway of artemisinin in A. absinthium. Total RNA was extracted and a relative gene expression analysis was carried out using Real-Time PCR. The amount of artemisinin was also determined by HPLC. All the experiments were performed as factorial in a completely randomized design in three replications. The results revealed that salinity stress and nanoparticles treatment and their interaction affected the expressions of these genes significantly. The highest levels of ADS gene expression were observed in the 30 mg L-1 nanoparticles–treated plants in the presence of 150 mM salinity stress and the lowest levels in the 10 mg L-1 nanoparticles–treated plants under 50 mM salinity stress. The maximum DBR2 gene expression was recorded in the 10 mg L-1 nanoparticles–treated plants in the absence of salinity stress and the minimum expression in the 100 mM salinity-stressed plants in the absence of nanoparticles treatment. Moreover, the smallest amounts of artemisinin were observed in the 150 mM salinity-stressed plants in the absence of nanoparticles and the highest amounts in the 30 mg L-1 nanoparticles–treated plants. The maximum amounts of artemisinin and ADS gene expression were reported from the plants in the same nanoparticles treatment and salinity stress conditions. In this regard, the amount of artemisinin was decreased by half in the plants containing the highest DBR2 gene expression. Meanwhile, no significant correlation was observed between these gene expressions and the artemisinin amount in the other nanoparticles–treated plants under different levels of salinity stress. The biosynthetic pathway of secondary metabolites appears to be very complex and dose not directly dependent on these gene expressions.

scholarly journals Expression analysis of miRNAs and their putative target genes confirm a preponderant role of transcription factors in the early response of oil palm plants to salinity stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ferreira Salgado ◽  
Letícia Rios Vieira ◽  
Vivianny Nayse Belo Silva ◽  
André Pereira Leão ◽  
Priscila Grynberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Functional Annotation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Putative Target

Abstract Background Several mechanisms regulating gene expression contribute to restore and reestablish cellular homeostasis so that plants can adapt and survive in adverse situations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play roles important in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, emerging as a regulatory molecule key in the responses to plant stress, such as cold, heat, drought, and salt. This work is a comprehensive and large-scale miRNA analysis performed to characterize the miRNA population present in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) exposed to a high level of salt stress, to identify miRNA-putative target genes in the oil palm genome, and to perform an in silico comparison of the expression profile of the miRNAs and their putative target genes. Results A group of 79 miRNAs was found in oil palm, been 52 known miRNAs and 27 new ones. The known miRNAs found belonged to 28 families. Those miRNAs led to 229 distinct miRNA-putative target genes identified in the genome of oil palm. miRNAs and putative target genes differentially expressed under salinity stress were then selected for functional annotation analysis. The regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, and the oxidation-reduction process were the biological processes with the highest number of hits to the putative target genes, while protein binding and DNA binding were the molecular functions with the highest number of hits. Finally, the nucleus was the cellular component with the highest number of hits. The functional annotation of the putative target genes differentially expressed under salinity stress showed several ones coding for transcription factors which have already proven able to result in tolerance to salinity stress by overexpression or knockout in other plant species. Conclusions Our findings provide new insights into the early response of young oil palm plants to salinity stress and confirm an expected preponderant role of transcription factors - such as NF-YA3, HOX32, and GRF1 - in this response. Besides, it points out potential salt-responsive miRNAs and miRNA-putative target genes that one can utilize to develop oil palm plants tolerant to salinity stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Magnetized Water on Germination and Some Growth Characters of Broad Bean (Vicia Faba L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manhel M. Abd Ellateef ◽  
Elnasri M. Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Characters

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of magnetized water on some growth characters of broad bean (Vicia faba L.). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with four different treatments of magnetized water and tap water as a control. Results indicated a significant increase in plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fruit length, weight of 100 seeds. The results also showed a significant increase in some elements (K, Ca and Mg). The shoot and root fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content expressed a significant increase compared to control.  

scholarly journals Integrated effects of bacteria and fungi biofertilizers on morphological traits, antioxidants indices, and polyphenol compounds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under salinity condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giti Karimi ◽  
Latifeh Pourakbar ◽  
Sina Siavash Moghaddam ◽  
Jelena Popović-Djordjević
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cinnamic Acids ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract It is imperative to assess the potential of halophyte plant species, such as quinoa, in resisting high salinity levels in arid and semi-arid regions where the productivity of crops is dramatically affected. A factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted to explore the effect of integrated biofertilizer, on morphological traits, antioxidants, and polyphenol compounds of quinoa under salinity stress. The studied factors included NaCl salinity stress at three levels of 0, 150, and 300 mM (S0, S150, and S300, respectively), Trichoderma (T) fungus at two levels (its use and non-use), and biofertilizer at three levels (control, nitrogen (FN), and phosphorus (FP). The means of the studied traits showed that the highest shoot length and dry weight was related to S0T0FN, the highest root length to S150TFN, the highest root dry weight to S0T0FN, and the highest phenol and flavonoid contents to S300TFP and S0TFN treatments. Among polyphenols, the highest caffeic acid, rutin, coumaric acid, and quercetin were observed in S0TFP, and the highest levels of chlorogenic, rosmarinic, cinnamic acids, and apigenin (mg/kg) were observed in S0TFN. To sum up, Bacteria and fungi biofertilizers were effective on the studied traits at the three salinity levels.

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