scholarly journals A GATA Transcription Factor from Soybean (Glycine max) Regulates Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Suppresses Growth in the Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanjuan Zhang ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Zhiyuan Xiao ◽  
Hongli Yang ◽  
Qingnan Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Gata Transcription Factor ◽  
Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay

Chlorophyll plays an essential role in photosynthetic light harvesting and energy transduction in green tissues of higher plants and is closely related to photosynthesis and crop yield. Identification of transcription factors (TFs) involved in regulating chlorophyll biosynthesis is still limited in soybean (Glycine max), and the previously identified GmGATA58 is suggested to potentially modulate chlorophyll and nitrogen metabolisms, but its complete function is still unknown. In this study, subcellular localization assay showed that GmGATA58 was localized in the nucleus. Histochemical GUS assay and qPCR assay indicated that GmGATA58 was mainly expressed in leaves and responded to nitrogen, light and phytohormone treatments. Overexpression of GmGATA58 in the Arabidopsis thaliana ortholog AtGATA21 (gnc) mutant complemented the greening defect, while overexpression in Arabidopsis wild-type led to increasing chlorophyll content in leaves through up-regulating the expression levels of the large of chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway genes, but suppressing plant growth and yield, although the net photosynthetic rate was slightly improved. Dual-luciferase reporter assay also supported that GmGATA58 activated the transcription activities of three promoters of key chlorophyll biosynthetic genes of soybean in transformed protoplast of Arabidopsis. It is concluded that GmGATA58 played an important role in regulating chlorophyll biosynthesis, but suppressed plant growth and yield in transgenic Arabidopsis.

PGPR-induced OsASR6 improves plant growth and yield by altering root auxin sensitivity and the xylem structure in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

2019 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 153010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Agarwal ◽  
Poonam C Singh ◽  
Vasvi Chaudhry ◽  
Pramod A. Shirke ◽  
Debasis Chakrabarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Xylem Structure ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana

scholarly journals Time Lag Between Light and Heat Diurnal Cycles Modulates CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATION 1 Rhythm and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosaku Masuda ◽  
Tatsuya Yamada ◽  
Yuya Kagawa ◽  
Hirokazu Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Diurnal Cycles

Plant growth responses to cues such as light, temperature, and humidity enable the entrainment of the circadian rhythms with diurnal cycles. For example, the temperature variations between day and night affect plant growth and accompany the time lag to light cycle. Despite its importance, there has been no systematic investigation into time lags, and the mechanisms behind the entrainment of the circadian rhythms with multiple cycles remain unknown. Here, we investigated systemically the effects of the time lag on the circadian rhythm and growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. To investigate the entrainment status of the circadian clock, the rhythm of the clock gene CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATION 1 (CCA1) was measured with a luciferase reporter assay. As a result, the rhythm was significantly modulated by the time lag with +10°C heating for 4 h every day but not −10°C cooling. A model based on coupled cellular oscillators successfully described these rhythm modulations. In addition, seedling growth depended on the time lag of the heating cycle but not that of the cooling cycle. Based on the relationship between the CCA1 rhythms and growth, we established an estimation method for the effects of the time lag. Our results found that plant growth relates to the CCA1 rhythm and provides a method by which to estimate the appropriate combination of light–dark and temperature cycles.

scholarly journals Zinc and Paclobutrazol Mediated Regulation of Growth, Upregulating Antioxidant Aptitude and Plant Productivity of Pea Plants under Salinity

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud R. Sofy ◽  
Khalid M. Elhindi ◽  
Saad Farouk ◽  
Majed A. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Soil salinity is the main obstacle to worldwide sustainable productivity and food security. Zinc sulfate (Zn) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a cost-effective agent, has multiple biochemical functions in plant productivity. Meanwhile, their synergistic effects on inducing salt tolerance are indecisive and not often reported. A pot experiment was done for evaluating the defensive function of Zn (100 mg/L) or PBZ (200 mg/L) on salt (0, 50, 100 mM NaCl) affected pea plant growth, photosynthetic pigment, ions, antioxidant capacity, and yield. Salinity stress significantly reduces all growth and yield attributes of pea plants relative to nonsalinized treatment. This reduction was accompanied by a decline in chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (K+), the ratio between K+ and sodium (Na+), as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR). Alternatively, salinity increased Na+, carotenoid (CAR), proline (PRO), ascorbic acid (AsA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) over nonsalinized treatment. Foliar spraying with Zn and PBZ under normal condition increased plant growth, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, K+/Na+ ratio, CAR, PRO, AsA, GSH, APX, GR, and yield and its quality, meanwhile decreased Na+ over nonsprayed plants. Application of Zn and PBZ counteracted the harmful effects of salinity on pea plants, by upregulating the antioxidant system, ion homeostasis, and improving chlorophyll biosynthesis that induced plant growth and yield components. In conclusion, Zn plus PBZ application at 30 and 45 days from sowing offset the injuries of salinity on pea plant growth and yield by upregulating the antioxidant capacity and increasing photosynthetic pigments.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar application of liquid organic and inorganic fertilizers along with NAAon cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

2020 ◽  
pp. 454-456
Author(s):  
MEYYAPPAN M
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Plant Growth Hormones

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is popularly known as lobia in India, now cultivated throughout the tropics and sub-tropics and used as pulse, green vegetable, fodder, green manure and its productivity is 683 kg ha -1.Vermiwash is a liquid leachate that is collected after the passage of water through the column of worm action. It is a collection of excretory products and mucous secretion of earthworms along with micronutrients from the soil organic molecules. This bio-liquid is rich in nutrients, microorganisms, enzymes, vitamins and plant growth hormones which increase the resistant power of crops against various diseases and enhances the productivity of crops.. The nutrients present in vermiwash are in water-soluble form and meet the immediate requirements of crop plants. Further, it contains nitrogen fixing and nutrient solubilizing bacteria. Generally, foliar spray of vermiwash of vermicomposting supplies nutrients to higher plants more rapidly than soil and root application methods. Vermiwash spray persists on leaf surface and resulted in leaf thickness, increase in photosynthetic activity, internode growth, improved plant physiology and finally increased the yield (Selladuraiet al., 2009). Humic acid is a commercial product containing many elements which improve the growth and yield of cowpea. The fermented organic liquid fertilizer panchagavya contains nutrients, plant growth regulators and microorganisms which help in plant growth, yield, metabolic activities and gives resistant to pest and diseases. The commercial seaweed extract contains major and minor nutrients, amino acids, vitamins and other growth promoting substances. DAP is a complex fertilizer containing 18 % nitrogen and 46 % phosphorus. The Naphthalene acidic acid is a auxin and very effective in promoting growth and yield of pulses. It may be concluded from the results that the foliar application of 2 % DAP along with 40 ppm NAA is recommended to cowpea to enhance the yield and to obtain higher returns.

scholarly journals Rice Transcription Factor OsWRKY55 Is Involved in the Drought Response and Regulation of Plant Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4337
Author(s):  
Kai Huang ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Ziming Ma ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
Haoyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Two Hybrid ◽  
Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay

WRKY transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to respond to biotic and abiotic stresses and regulate plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms of WRKY TFs involved in drought stress and regulating plant height in rice remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsWRKY55 (OsWRKY55-OE) exhibited reduced drought resistance. The OsWRKY55-OE lines showed faster water loss and greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical (O2−·) compared to wild-type (WT) plants under drought conditions. OsWRKY55 was expressed in various tissues and was induced by drought and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Through yeast two-hybrid assays, we found that OsWRKY55 interacted with four mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that could be induced by drought, including OsMPK7, OsMPK9, OsMPK20-1, and OsMPK20-4. The activation effects of the four OsMPKs on OsWRKY55 transcriptional activity were demonstrated by a GAL4-dependent chimeric transactivation assay in rice protoplasts. Furthermore, OsWRKY55 was able to reduce plant height under normal conditions by decreasing the cell size. In addition, based on a dual luciferase reporter assay, OsWRKY55 was shown to bind to the promoter of OsAP2-39 through a yeast one-hybrid assay and positively regulate OsAP2-39 expression. These results suggest that OsWRKY55 plays a critical role in responses to drought stress and the regulation of plant height in rice, further providing valuable information for crop improvement.

Potassium uptake by higher plants: From field application to membrane transport

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kant ◽  
P. Kant ◽  
U. Kafkafi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Charge Balance ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Plant Life Cycle

Potassium (K+) is a crucial nutrient element for higher plants and plays vital roles in several cellular processes includingturgor regulation, stomatal movement, protein synthesis and charge balance. The requirement of K+for plant growth changes with the developmental stages and its uptake pattern varies among crop plants. Most annual crop plants take up a large proportion of their K+requirement in the initial vegetative growth stage. A deficiency of K+during this period may make the plant susceptible to various stresses. Therefore, the timely application of K+to the plant rhizosphere is an important factor for achieving better plant growth and yield. Plants take up K+by active and passive transport. Electrophysiological and molecular studies done during the last two decades have characterized the active K+ uptake mechanisms (high and low affinity K+ uptake systems) and have identified the genes involved in these mechanisms. The knowledge of K+uptake during the plant life cycle and of the activation of the K+uptake system by the presence of a certain concentration of K+in the soil solution would certainly help in planning the rate and time of K+application. Therefore, the work done on the pattern of K+uptake during plant growth and the mechanism involved in its uptake is reviewed here.

scholarly journals Overexpression of the phytochrome B gene from Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Qayyum Rao ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Zafar Saleem ◽  
Idrees Ahmad Nasir ◽  
Sheikh Riazuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phytochrome B

scholarly journals Physiology and Biochemistry of Fe Excess in Acidic Asian Soils on Crop Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita Dey ◽  
Saradia Kar ◽  
Preetom Regon ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Fe Excess

Proper transport of iron is very crucial for plant growth and development as it participates in various complex processes in plants like absorption, translocation etc. It also acts as an important component for processes like photosynthesis and respiratory electron transport chain in mitochondria, chloroplast development, and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Asian soils suffer from iron toxic condition and that adversely affects the growth and yield of the plant. This review describes the importance of iron in plant growth and different strategies adopted by plants for iron uptake. It also focuses on different methods and approaches on how plant can cope against acidic soils.

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