scholarly journals Low-Temperature Mechanical Properties of High-Density and Low-Density Polyethylene and Their Blends

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Ildar I. Salakhov ◽  
Nadim M. Shaidullin ◽  
Anatoly E. Chalykh ◽  
Mikhail A. Matsko ◽  
Alexey V. Shapagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Relative Elongation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Izod Impact

Low-temperature properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and their blends were studied. The analyzed low-temperature mechanical properties involve the deformation resistance and impact strength characteristics. HDPE is a bimodal ethylene/1-hexene copolymer; LDPE is a branched ethylene homopolymer containing short-chain branches of different length; LLDPE is a binary ethylene/1-butene copolymer and an ethylene/1-butene/1-hexene terpolymer. The samples of copolymers and their blends were studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), 13С NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) using testing machines equipped with a cryochamber. It is proposed that such parameters as “relative elongation at break at −45 °C” and “Izod impact strength at −40 °C” are used instead of the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature to assess frost resistance properties because these parameters are more sensitive to deformation and impact at subzero temperatures for HDPE. LLDPE is shown to exhibit higher relative elongation at break at −45 °C and Izod impact strength at −20 ÷ 60 °C compared to those of LDPE. LLDPE terpolymer added to HDPE (at a content ≥ 25 wt.%) simultaneously increases flow properties and improves tensile properties of the blend at −45 °C. Changes in low-temperature properties as a function of molecular weight, MWD, crystallinity, and branch content were determined for HDPE, LLDPE, and their blends. The DMA data prove the resulting dependences. The reported findings allow one to understand and predict mechanical properties in the HDPE–LLDPE systems at subzero temperatures.

Study on the Crystallinity and Mechanical Properties of PC/PLA/LLDPE/ Montmorillonite Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yue Peng ◽  
Wen Yong Liu ◽  
Guang Sheng Zeng ◽  
Xiang Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Elongation At Break

Polycarbonate/poly (lactic acid)/(PC/PLA) blend is a kind of novel potential material for introducing the degradability of PLA to high performance PC. However, the bad compatibility between PC and PLA results in poor impact resistance and strength, which limits its applications. For resolving the problem, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was added into blend to improve the mechanical properties, especially the toughness. Meantime, nanosized montmorillonite was also used as an additive for modifying the blend. The results showed that the the tensile and impact strength, the elongation at break of PC/PLA all be improved with the increase of LLDPE, the nanosized montmorillonite could also increase the strength of blends when the content is lower than wt5% of blends.

Cable and Wire Application: Adoption of Nanomagnesium Hydroxide Blended with LDPE/EVA for Mechanical and Physical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Ahmad Aroziki Abdul Aziz ◽  
Sakinah Mohd Alauddin ◽  
Ruzitah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mohammed Iqbal Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Loading Amount

Effect of nanoMagnesium Hydroxide (MH) nloading amount to the mechanical and physical properties of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/ Poly (ethylene-co vinyl acetate)(EVA) nanocomposite has been described and investigated in this paper. The tensile strength results show that increased amount of nanofiller will decrease and deteriorate the mechanical properties. The elongation at break decreased continuously with increasing loading of nanofiller. Generally, mechanical properties become poorer as loading amount increase. Melt Flow Index values for physical properties also provide same trend as mechanical properties results. Increase filler amount reduced MFI values whereby increased resistance to the flow.

Effects of microcrystalline cellulose on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Ahmad Mubarak ◽  
Raghda Talal Abdulsamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ldpe Composites ◽  
The Impact

This work was intended to provide an understanding of the effect of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The impact resistance and the tensile properties of low-density LDPE/MCC composites were investigated. The weight fraction of MCC was varied at (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt%). The obtained blends were then used to prepare the required tensile and impact testing samples by hot compression molding technique. It has been found that MCC has a strong influence on the mechanical properties of LDPE. At a low MCC weight fraction, there was a little improvement in the ultimate strength, fracture stress, and elongation at break, but at a high MCC weight fraction, the tensile properties were deteriorated and reduced significantly. The addition of 1 wt% MCC to LDPE enhanced the mentioned properties by 10, 25, and 6%, respectively. While at 30 wt% MCC, these properties were lowered by 36, 25, and 96%. The elastic modulus of LDPE composites was improved on all MCC weight fractions used in the study, at 20 wt% MCC, an increase in the elastic modulus by 12 folds was achieved. On the other hand and compared with the impact strength of pure LDPE, the addition of MCC particles enhanced the impact strength, the highest value obtained was for LDPE composites filled with 10 wt% MCC where the impact strength enhanced by two folds.

Physicomechanical properties of composites based on various types of polyethylene and aluminum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
H. V. Allakhverdiyeva ◽  
◽  
N. T. Kakhramanov ◽  
I. I. Ismayilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Aluminum Particles ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Elastic Module ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of aluminum content on the physic-mechanical properties of composites based on high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. The properties of metal-filled composites, such as ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, elastic module, melt flow rate, and heat resistance, were studied. According to the data obtained, the loading of aluminum into the composition of low density polyethylene contributes to a monotonic increase in the ultimate tensile stress and the elastic module. When aluminum is loading into the composition of high density polyethylene, on the contrary, a natural decrease in the ultimate tensile stress and elongation at break of the composites is observed. It is shown that when using a compatibilizer, which is polyethylene modified with maleic anhydride, a significant increase in the ultimate tensile stress of high-density polyethylene composites is observed. A schematic representation of the structure of composites with an interpretation of the probable mechanism of hardening of the material in the presence of a compatibilizer is given. It is shown that the crystallinity of the initial polyethylene has a significant effect on the hardening effect of composites. Electron microscopic micrographs of the structure of a filled composite without and with compatibilizer are given. A comparative assessment shows that in the presence of a compatibilizer, aluminum particles are in the bulk of the polymer matrix, i.e. are not in an isolated state. It is assumed that HDPE macrochains free of maleic anhydride (MA) are involved in the formation of crystalline formations, and small sections of macrosegments containing polar groups of MA are concentrated mainly in amorphous regions and in defects in crystalline structures in the form of passage chains. The concentration of PEMA macrosegments containing MA in the narrow amorphous space of HDPE favorably affects the increase in the adhesive forces of interaction on the surface of aluminum particles, which affects the preservation of the ultimate tensile stress at a relatively high level over a wide range of aluminum concentrations.

Exploration on compatibilizing effect of nonionic, anionic, and cationic surfactants on mechanical, morphological, and chemical properties of high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene/cellulose biocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Sudari ◽  
AA Shamsuri ◽  
ES Zainudin ◽  
PM Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Sodium Stearate ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Compatibilizing Effect

Three types of surfactants, specifically cationic, anionic, and nonionic, at different weight percentages were added into high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene/cellulose (HDPE/LDPE/cellulose) biocomposites via melt mixing. The cationic and anionic surfactants which are hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) and sodium stearate (SS), respectively, were added from 4 to 20 wt%, whereas the nonionic surfactant which is sorbitan monostearate (SM) was added from 1 to 5 wt%. The mechanical testing results exhibited that the addition of HTAB increased tensile strength and tensile modulus, while SS deteriorated mechanical properties, while SM increased impact strength and tensile extension of the biocomposites. Based on the mechanical properties results, optimum weight percentages of HTAB and SM were 12 wt% and 4 wt%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopic micrographs displayed that the amount of cellulose fillers pullout decreased with the addition of HTAB, followed by SM, but it increased with SS. Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffractometer patterns, thermogravimetric analysis results, and differential scanning calorimetry thermograms have confirmed the presence of physical interactions only with the addition of HTAB and SM. Based on the results, compatibilizing effect was found in HTAB, whereas SM has not showed compatibilizing effect but instead plasticizing effect. However, neither compatibilizing nor plasticizing effect was exhibited by SS.

Study on Anti-Fog Films of Polyethylene Modified with Inorganic Micrometer Diatomite

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 347-350
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Qing Hong Fang ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
A.S. Luyt ◽  
Tie Jun Ge
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Treatment Agent ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer

Anti-fog films of low density polyethylene (LDPE) modified with micrometer diatomite were prepared by a process of blow molding. Through examination of antifogging property of the film added the anti-fog agents, the modification effectiveness of inorganic micrometer diatomite and the influence of different treating agents were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), mechanical properties, and antifogging performances. The results indicate that the anti-fog property of the film can be improved by premixing inorganic micrometer diatomite with the anti-fog agents; the film modified by inorganic micrometer diatomite added surface treatment agent has obviously effectiveness anti-fog properties than that the films modified only by the anti-fog agents. Addition of polyacrylamide can make the anti-fog durability of the films modified by inorganic micrometer diatomite be further prolonged. It was observed that the tensile strength does not show any decrease, however, elongation at break show a massive decreased.

scholarly journals Utilization of melamine impregnated paper waste as a filler in thermoplastic composites

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3159-3170
Author(s):  
Fatma Bozkurt ◽  
Büşra Avci ◽  
Fatih Mengeloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Composite Manufacturing ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Molding Method

The potential utilization of melamine impregnated paper (MIP) waste in thermoplastic composites was investigated. Composites were also manufactured utilizing wood flour (WF) at the same filler rates for comparison. The composites were manufactured using a compression molding method. The effects of filler type and filler rate on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-based composites were evaluated. Mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural strengths, were determined in accordance with ASTM D638 (2001) and ASTM D790 (2003), respectively. Results showed that filler type and filler content had significant effects on all mechanical properties investigated. Both fillers improved all mechanical properties except for tensile strength and elongation at break of LDPE. In conclusion, MIP waste has a potential to be utilized in thermoplastic-based composite manufacturing and might generate some economic and environmental benefits.

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of LDPE, EVA and Fly Ash Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Vu Minh Trong ◽  
Bui Dinh Hoan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties

The fly ash from Pha Lai power plant was modified by vinyltrimetoxysilan (VTMS). The polymer composites based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and fly ash (FA) without and with vinyltrimetoxysilan (VTMS) modification were prepared by melt mixing in a Haake Rheomixer. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the LDPE/EVA/VFA composites were also higher than those of the LDPE/EVA/FA composites. The FESEM images proved that FA-VTMS particles disperse more regularly in the polymer matrix in comparison with FA without VTMS modification. In addition, the surface modification of the FA reduced the size of agglomeration of FA particles.

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