scholarly journals Liquid and Solid Functional Bio-Based Coatings

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3640
Author(s):  
Vito Gigante ◽  
Luca Panariello ◽  
Maria-Beatrice Coltelli ◽  
Serena Danti ◽  
Kudirat Abidemi Obisesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Functional Coatings ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Life Options ◽  
Materials Used

The development of new bio-based coating materials to be applied on cellulosic and plastic based substrates, with improved performances compared to currently available products and at the same time with improved sustainable end of life options, is a challenge of our times. Enabling cellulose or bioplastics with proper functional coatings, based on biopolymer and functional materials deriving from agro-food waste streams, will improve their performance, allowing them to effectively replace fossil products in the personal care, tableware and food packaging sectors. To achieve these challenging objectives some molecules can be used in wet or solid coating formulations, e.g., cutin as a hydrophobic water- and grease-repellent coating, polysaccharides such as chitosan-chitin as an antimicrobial coating, and proteins as a gas barrier. This review collects the available knowledge on functional coatings with a focus on the raw materials used and methods of dispersion/application. It considers, in addition, the correlation with the desired final properties of the applied coatings, thus discussing their potential.

scholarly journals Application of Protein-Based Films and Coatings for Food Packaging: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Chen ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Yaohua Cheng ◽  
Chuansheng Wang ◽  
Haichao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Food Packaging Materials ◽  
Gelatin Films ◽  
Materials Used

As the IV generation of packaging, biopolymers, with the advantages of biodegradability, process ability, combination possibilities and no pollution to food, have become the leading food packaging materials. Biopolymers can be directly extracted from biomass, synthesized from bioderived monomers and produced directly by microorganisms which are all abundant and renewable. The raw materials used to produce biopolymers are low-cost, some even coming from agrion dustrial waste. This review summarized the advances in protein-based films and coatings for food packaging. The materials studied to develop protein-based packaging films and coatings can be divided into two classes: plant proteins and animal proteins. Parts of proteins are referred in this review, including plant proteins i.e., gluten, soy proteins and zein, and animal proteins i.e., casein, whey and gelatin. Films and coatings based on these proteins have excellent gas barrier properties and satisfactory mechanical properties. However, the hydrophilicity of proteins makes the protein-based films present poor water barrier characteristics. The application of plasticizers and the corresponding post-treatments can make the properties of the protein-based films and coatings improved. The addition of active compounds into protein-based films can effectively inhibit or delay the growth of microorganisms and the oxidation of lipids. The review also summarized the research about the storage requirements of various foods that can provide corresponding guidance for the preparation of food packaging materials. Numerous application examples of protein-based films and coatings in food packaging also confirm their important role in food packaging materials.

Agricultural waste as a source of innovative and compostable composite biopolymers for food packaging: a scientific review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ronzano ◽  
Roberta Stefanini ◽  
Giulia Borghesi ◽  
Giuseppe Vignali
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
Materials Used

"The recovery of agriculture waste is one of the challenges of 2030 Agenda. Food and Agriculture Organization states that 30 % of the world’s agricultural land is used to produce food that is later lost or wasted, and the global carbon footprint corresponds to 7% of total greenhouse gases emissions. Alternatively, natural fibers contained in food and agricultural waste could be a valuable feedstock to reinforce composite biopolymers contributing to increase mechanical properties. In addition, the use of biopolymers matrix could contribute significantly to reduce the environmental footprint of the biobased compounds. Based on these premises, a regional project in Emilia-Romagna, aims to enhance agricultural waste to produce food packaging materials which in turn would contribute to the reduction of green raw materials used. This article reviews the state of art of composite biopolymers added with fillers extracted by food and agricultural waste, analyzing the literature published on scientific databases such as Scopus. The characteristics, advantages and drawbacks of each innovative sustainable material will be studied, trying to compare their various properties. The results of the work could guide companies in the choice of eco-sustainable packaging and lay the foundations for the development of the mentioned regional project."

Determination of zinc in cassava based polymeric materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572110138
Author(s):  
Rada-Mendoza Maite ◽  
Chito-Trujillo Diana ◽  
Hoyos-Saavedra Olga Lucía ◽  
Arciniegas-Herrera Jose Luis ◽  
Molano-Tobar Nancy Janneth
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Flexible Films ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Materials Used

The current trends in biodegradable food packaging include the use of materials such as biopolymers which should be free of toxic metals to ensure their quality and use in multiple applications. However, these samples can contain zinc given its presence in the materials used to make them. In this study, a method to determine the concentration of zinc (Zn) in thermoformed and biodegradable flexible films samples based on Cassava and in their raw materials (flour, starch and fique) using flame-atomic absorption spectroscopy is described. Prior, an acid digestion with nitric acid under reflux was required. The method was standardized by means of the evaluation of statistical parameters. The method was sufficiently lineal ( R2 = 0.999) in a working range from 0.1 to 1.0 mg Zn/L with detection and quantification limits of 0.03 and 0.82 mg/L, respectively. The method was found to be precise and accurate, and could therefore be used to measure Zn content at levels well below safe limits.The precision of the method was evaluated using intermediate precision and repeatability which showed coefficients of variation less than 6.7% and 4.7%, respectively. The percentages of recovery ranged from 96.5% to 98.2%. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Zn in the studied biopolymers samples and the results obtained support the method’s suitability for determining the presence of the metal. Zinc concentrations in thermoformed, flexible films and flour were below 2.36, 2.14 and 2.01 mg/L, respectively, indicating that these polymers could be used for food containers.

scholarly journals Analyses and Findings of Unusual Substitute Materials in a Raincoat From WWII

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bratt Lauridsen ◽  
Theis Brock-Nannestad ◽  
Kim Pilkjær Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
White Pigment ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Titanium White

Abstract Due to the coating materials used, historic raincoats are vulnerable to degradation and rarely survive long periods of time. The investigated raincoat dating from 1943 is no exception – the coating is unusually stiff and flaking off in areas around folds and cracks. Study into its material composition can contribute to important knowledge of the availability of materials for waterproof clothing during the time of the German occupation of Denmark (1940-1945) when the usual materials for raincoats, cotton fabric and rubber, were in short supply. Optical microscopy and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) identified the fabric to consist of rayon stable fibers and paper yarn, and the coating to be based on cellulose nitrate (CN) lacquer, an unknown plasticizer and titanium white (TiO2). Though the results are atypical for a raincoat, they are in good accordance with the raw materials available in Denmark in 1943. Analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), identified the plasticiser as poly(1,3-butylene) adipate. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) moreover identified the titanium white pigment as the anatase form. By historical discussion this study argues that IG Farben AG is the likely producer of poly(1,3-butylene) adipate, even though the first known marketing of the plastiticiser is from 1986 where the Swiss firm Ciba-Geigy introduced poly(1,3-butylene) adipate as a plasticiser for PVC cling films under the tradename Reoplex® 346. The finding is an extraordinary example on how advanced the chemical industry was in the early 1940’s when it came to polymer science.

scholarly journals Analyses and findings of unusual substitute materials in a raincoat from WWII

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bratt Lauridsen ◽  
Theis Brock-Nannestad ◽  
Kim Pilkjær Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Rayon Staple ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
New Information ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Titanium White

AbstractDue to the coating materials used, historic raincoats are vulnerable to degradation and rarely survive long periods of time. The investigated raincoat dating from 1943 is no exception—the coating is unusually stiff and flaking off in areas around folds and cracks. Study into its material composition can contribute to important knowledge of the availability of materials for waterproof clothing during the time of the German occupation of Denmark (1940–1945) when the usual materials for raincoats, cotton fabric and rubber, were in short supply. Optical microscopy and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) identified the fabric to consist of rayon staple fibres and paper yarn, and the coating to be based on cellulose nitrate (CN) lacquer and an unknown plasticiser. Though the results are atypical for a raincoat, they are in good accordance with the raw materials available in Denmark in 1943. Analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), identified the plasticiser as poly(1,3-butylene) adipate. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) moreover identified the pigment as titanium white of the anatase form. By historical discussion, this study argues that IG Farben is the likely producer of poly(1,3-butylene) adipate, even though the first known marketing of the plasticiser is from 1986 where the Swiss firm Ciba-Geigy introduced poly(1,3-butylene) adipate as a plasticiser for PVC cling films under the tradename Reoplex® 346. The results give an interesting insight into the use of substitution products during WWII and provide new information on polymer science of the time.

scholarly journals Preparation and Applications of Electrospun Optically Transparent Fibrous Membrane

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Yanan Xiao ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Rongxing Tang ◽  
Jiazi Hou
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Fibrous Membrane ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Optically Transparent ◽  
Fibrous Membranes

The optically transparent electrospun fibrous membrane has been widely used in many fields due to its simple operation, flexible design, controllable structure, high specific surface area, high porosity, and unique excellent optical properties. This paper comprehensively summarizes the preparation methods and applications of an electrospun optically transparent fibrous membrane in view of the selection of raw materials and structure modulation during preparation. We start by the factors that affect transmittance among different materials and explain the light transmission mechanism of the fibrous membrane. This paper also provides an overview of the methods to fabricate a transparent nanofibrous membrane based on the electrospinning technology including direct electrospinning, solution treatment after electrospinning, heat treatment after electrospinning, and surface modification after electrospinning. It further summarizes the differences in the processes and mechanisms between different transparent fibrous membranes prepared by different methods. Additionally, we study the utilization of transparent as-spun membranes as flexible functional materials, namely alcohol dipstick, air purification, self-cleaning materials, biomedicine, sensors, energy and optoelectronics, oil–water separation, food packaging, anti-icing coating, and anti-corrosion materials. It demonstrates the high transparency of the nanofibers’ effects on the applications as well as upgrades the product performance.

SIFAT MEKANIK PAPAN GYPSUM DARI SERBUK LIMBAH KAYU NON KOMERSIAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saibatul Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Gypsum Board ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Artocarpus Elasticus ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

The purpose of this research is to know the mechanical strength of gypsum board by utilizing waste sawn wood. Raw materials used consist of flour, gypsum,wood particles, boraks and kambang (Goniothalamus sp), wood tarap (Artocarpus elasticus REINW) and lua (Ficus glomerata ROXB). Wood particle 40 mesh and 60 mesh, concentrations boraks of 1 and 2 and the percentage particles of gypsum sawn timber is 300, 400 and 500%. The results showed that the average value Modulus of Rufture (MoR) in lua wood ranges from 12.55 – 14,47 kgcm2, wood kambang 25.10-31,11 kgcm2 and wood tarap 19.20- 24,18 kgcm2. As for Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) on the lua 1129,80- 2092,70 kgcm2, wood kambang 2512,37-3971,32 kgcm2 and tarap 2050,63-2691,09 kgcm2. Gypsum board are mechanical properties do not meet quality standards created SNI 03-6434-2000.Keywords: sawdust, lua, kambang, tarap, gypsum, mechanical

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) DAN KULIT CEMPEDAK (Artocarpus integer) SEBAGAI EDIBLE FILM

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Mustika Amaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Yield Result ◽  
Pre Treatment

Durian (Durio zibethinus) and cempedak (Artocarpus integer) peels waste are not used by the society. The research aim is to extract pectin from durian and cempedak peels and to formulate the pectin into edible films for food packaging. The research stages were first pre-treatment of durian and cempedak peels, pectin extraction, pectin drying, and  pectin application as edible films with concentration of 0%, 5%, and 15%. Based on this research it was concluded that pectin can be extracted from durian and cempedak peels with yield result of 27.97 % and 55.58 %, respectively. Edible film obtained has  similar characteristics between raw materials cempedak and durian peels. The higher concentration of cempedak peel  pectin increased the thickness, but decreased the tensile strength and elongation at a concentration of 15%. While in edible films from durian peel pectin, the higher concentration of pectin decreased the thickness of edible film on pectin concentration of 15%, lowered tensile strength and raised the edible film elongation.Keywords: waste, durian, cempedak, pectin extraction, edible film

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document